книга / 2011Pharmacologywk1

Basic Pharmacology

Drugs

Pharmacology

Basic Principles

Study of drugs

Actions

Dosage

Therapeutic uses (indications)

Adverse effects

Pharmacology

Directly linked to the pathophysiology of a particular disease

Drug = a substance that alters biologic activity in a person

May be from natural sources

Plants, animals, microorganisms

May be synthesized

Pharmacology

Drugs may be prescribed to:

Promote healing

Cure disease

Control or slow progression of disease

Prevent disease

Decrease risk of complications

Increase comfort level

Reduce excessive activity in the body

sedative

Pharmacology

Drug Effects

Therapeutic or desired action

Stimulating or inhibiting cell function or block the effects of biochemicals in the tissues

antihistamine

Physical or mechanical action

 laxative

Pharmacology

Unwanted effects on the body

Mildside effects

Antihistamines may cause dry mouth

Dangerous or cause tissue damage, or are life threateningadverse or toxic effects

 Excessive bleeding

Pharmacology

Over the counter

OTC

Drugs that an individual can purchase without a “note” from their doctor.

Still recommended that a doctor be consulted when there are other medical conditions or prescriptions being taken

Prescription

The “note” that the doctor writes that details the dosage and instructions

Pharmacology

Adverse effects

Hypersensitivity or allergic reactions

Rash to anaphylaxis

Patient should stop taking the drug and the physician should be contacted

Pharmacology

Idiosyncratic

Unusual or unexpected reactions to drugs

Example

excessive excitement after taking a sedative

Pharmacology

Iatrogenic

Negative effects on the body due to:

medication error,

drug overdose or

unusual response