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Министерство образования и науки РФ Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение

высшего образования «Воронежский государственный лесотехнический университет

имени Г.Ф. Морозова»

Иностранный (английский) язык в профессиональной деятельности

Методические указания к практическим занятиям для обучающихся по профессии 23.02.07 «Техническое обслуживание и

ремонт двигателей, систем и агрегатов автомобилей»

Воронеж 2017

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ББК 81.432. 1

Иностранный (английский) язык в профессиональной деятельности: Методические указания к практическим занятиям для обучающихся по профессии 23.02.07 «Техническое обслуживание и ремонт двигателей, систем и агрегатов автомобилей» / Ю.Ю. Киселева, И.В. Милованова; М-во образования и науки РФ, ФГБОУ ВО «ВГЛТУ». – Воронеж, 2017. – 20 с.

Печатается по решению редакционно-издательского совета ВГЛТУ

Рецензент: профессор, доктор филологических наук, директор Центра коммуникативных исследований ВГУ И.А. Стернин.

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Содержание

Методические указания для практических занятий.……………………………4

Раздел 1……………………………………………….…………………………….5

Раздел 3……………………………………………...................................................8 Раздел 4………………………………………...........................................................10

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Методические указания для практических занятий

Методические указания соответствуют основным требованиям федерального государственного образовательного стандарта среднего профессионального образования, предъявляемые к знаниям студента, и содержат тексты и задания, предназначенные для формирования соответствующих практических умений и навыков.

Методические указания включают разделы по всем модулям, изучаемым в рамках учебного плана. В методических указаниях кратко и информативно представлен алгоритм освоения учебного материала по модулям (разделам), позволяющий повысить качество обучения студентов и стимулировать их интерес к дисциплине «Иностранный язык в профессиональной деятельности».

ЦЕЛИ И ЗАДАЧИ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ - требования к результатам освоения дисциплины:

В результате освоения учебной дисциплины обучающийся должен уметь:

общаться (устно и письменно) на английском языке на профессиональные и повседневные темы;

переводить (со словарем) английские тексты профессиональной направленности;

самостоятельно совершенствовать устную и письменную речь, пополнять словарный запас;

В результате освоения учебной дисциплины обучающийся должен знать:лексический (3000 лексических единиц) грамматический минимум, необходимый для чтения и перевода (со словарем) английских текстов

профессиональной направленности.

Выпускник, освоивший ППКРС, должен обладать общими компетенциями, включающими в себя способность:

ОК-10 Пользоваться профессиональной документацией на государственном и иностранном языке

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Раздел 1. Проблемы межличностной и профессиональной коммуникации.

1.Выучите слова и словосочетания по теме:

2. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

CAR IS AN ECOLOGICAL DISASTER

1.According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, driving a car is the single most polluting thing that most of us do. This is not a new problem. In the 1950’s the Los Angeles smog made headline news. Car exhaust causes health problems. There are many solutions to the problem.

2.Laws were enacted as long as 20 years ago to control pollution caused by cars. Since then laws have been made, such as special nozzles on gas pumps that prevent vapor from getting into air. We also have more tests on cars to make sure cars are maintained in a way that protects our environment. In cities, laws ask that more people ride on buses, and employees that drive company cars should limit the time they drive and the number of trips that they make.

3.Cars emit several pollutants that are toxic. This causes many problems. One problem it causes is cancer. Most cars generate hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides, and carbon monoxide. Hydrocarbons cause eye irritation, coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and lung damage. Nitrogen oxide causes acid rain and leads to water quality problems. Carbon monoxide prevents oxygen from going through the lungs properly. All of these problems can be serious and effect the health of the people who live in the United States.

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4.Some solutions to the problem are: cutting down on the number of cars, traveling at steady speeds, and keeping your car in good shape. You should never over fill your gas tank. You should always use clean gas. People should buy newer cars because they are made to create less pollution.

5.In summary, the problem of pollution from car exhaust is not new. The situation is so serious that many laws have been enacted to protect our environment. The pollutants that are emitted in car exhaust are very dangerous to our health. There are solutions to the problem if we just pay attention.

4. Завершите предложения:

1.Car exhaust causes...

2.Cars emit several pollutants...

3.Most cars generate…

5.Найдите в тексте ответы на вопросы:

1.Why is the car called an ecological disaster?

2.What are the most dangerous pollutants caused by cars?

3.How do they effect the health of people?

4.Are there any solutions to the environment polluting problems?

6.Кратко передайте содержание текста на русском языке, используя следующие фразы:

Текст называется … В тексте говорится …

Автор рассказывает … Рекомендуется …

Раздел 2. Новости. Поиск профессиональной информации в интернете.

1.Выучите слова и словосочетания по теме:

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2.Прочитайте и переведите текст:

The mass media in the life of Society

Modern life is hardly possible without information. Of course friends & relatives keep us informed about what is happening in the world, but such information is second-hand, & therefore is not at all reliable. It is the mass media that provide us with first hand & reliable information.

The mass media plays an important role in our life. Millions of copies of newspapers are printed in our country every day. The role of the press can hardly be overestimated, particularly at present. It keeps you informed in the latest news, different events, home and foreign affairs, news of culture, science and engineering development. But publishing news is not the only purpose of the press. There are many other purposes, which can be achieved by the press. It enriches our knowledge and broadens our outlook. The press shapes public opinion, influences governmental policy, gives citizens a view of our country and foreign countries as well. It performs a few functions: informative, entertaining, commercial & is addressed to people of different political views & different stations in life. What is printed & what is not, largely depends on the publishers’ concept of news. There is a well-known joke circulating among the publishers, which exactly defines their idea of news: “If a dog bites a man, that’s not news, but if a man bites a dog, that is news”. In other words, news must be something unusual, unexpected, and sensational.

TV now plays an important part in many people’s life. TV keeps us informed about current events, allows one to follow the latest developments in science & politics. Radio & TV-n are undoubtedly, the quickest means of spreading news & information. We watch TV to be well informed. It gives wonderful possibilities for education. There is considerable variety of programmers & we can select what we want to see: a film or a play, sport programmes, the latest news and so on.

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The Internet has recently become another important source of information. Its main advantage is that news appears on the screen as soon as things happen in real life. The Internet is as interesting as the people, organizations, companies are connected to it. The Internet enables you to do a lot of things simultaneously. You can read the latest copy of your favorite newspaper, can send E-mail, can chats with friends.

So the volume of information in the modern life is tremendous, that is why we should decide for ourselves what is really necessary and what may someday appear to be useless.

3.Ответьте на вопросы по тексту.

1.Do the media play an important role in your life?

2.Do you think that media influence our life?

3.What functions do the media perform?

4.Millions of people get most of their news from television. What about

you?

5.Do you read newspapers?

6.What do you usually listen to the radio?

7.Do you agree that most news we get from the media is bad news?

8.Do you think it would be nice if all news printed in newspapers and shown on TV was good news?

9.What is the main advantage of the Internet?

10.What programs do you usually watch on TV?

11.What is the main source of information for you?

Раздел 3. Проблемы молодежи.

1.Выучите слова и словосочетания по теме:

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2. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

Young people’s problems

Everybody says youth is probably the best time of young life; that being young means romance, love, new & so on. But it is also the most difficult time because you have to make some very important decisions, which will influence all your future life.

Things are not easy nowadays even for, but for teen-ages, who have to find their own place in society, it’s very difficult. It’s necessary not only to adapt to your society, but also to be confident about your position in 5, 10 or 20 years time.

For your future it is essential to have a good job. Every girl or boy leaving secondary school should choose an institution of higher education, or if he or she doesn’t want to study any more, choose a job straight way.

But even if you are studying, you need money of your own to pay for extra clothes, books etc. It’s also the problem.

Emotional problems for young people can be far more difficult than financial ones. The typical teenager problem is drug-habit. Some of them can’t stop that, and they become dependent on drugs. And they commit different serious crimes, because they need some money to buy drugs.

Another typical problem for most of the teen-ages is problem with their parents. Leo Tolstoy said: “All families are happy in the similar way and unhappy in its own way”. And happiness or unhappiness of any family mostly depends on relations in it.

So many families so many family relations. Each family establishes its own relations in its own way. It has its own traditions & customs & its own unwritten constitution including rights & duties of every member of the family. The level of democracy is also different in different families, which mostly depends on the viewpoints of adults usually not coinciding with a child’s point of view. So the problem of misunderstanding becomes urgent. And both sides (parents & children) should be patient & tactful & it’s the only way to settle down all the problems & stay friends.

So, as you see, it is very difficult to be young nowadays, as, need, it always was. But you only can be young once, & some wonderful things can happen only when you’re young.

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Раздел 4. Устройство и ремонт автомобиля (часть 1)

1. Выучите слова и словосочетания по теме:

2. Прочитайте и переведите текст:

THE FOUR-STROKE CYCLE

1.In most engines a single cycle of operation (intake, compression, power, and exhaust) takes place over four strokes of a piston, made in two engine revolution. When an engine has more than one cylinder the cycles are evenly staggered for smooth operation, but each cylinder will go through a full cycle in any two engine revolutions. When the piston is at the top of the cylinder at the beginning of the intake stroke, the intake valve opens and the descending piston draws in the air-fuel mixture.

2.At the bottom of the stroke the intake valve closes and the piston starts upward on the compression stroke, during what it squeezes the air-fuel mixture into a small space at the top of the cylinder. The ratio of the volume of the cylinder when the piston is at the bottom to the volume when the piston is at the top is called the compression ratio. The higher the compression ratio, the more powerful the engine and the higher its efficiency. However, in order to accommodate air pollution control devices, manufacturers have had to lower compression ratios.

3.Just before the piston reaches the top again, the spark plug fires, igniting the air-fuel mixture. The mixture on burning becomes a hot, expanding gas forcing the piston down on its power stroke. Burning should be smooth and controlled. Faster, uncontrolled burning sometimes occurs when hot spots in the cylinder preignite the