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settingout theworkarea,followingengineeringplans

usinghand and powertools tocut and bendbars ormesh

tying rebar (reinforcement bars) together with wire, clips or welds to build up cages orsections

fittingspacers and ‘chairs’(supports)

fixingtheformworkand shutteringused tohold settingconcreteinplace

joiningcages and sections

fixingsteeltoconcretebases

installingbeams and pre-cast slabs.

You may use hydraulic jacks and tensioning equipment to reinforce the steel beforeand after fixingit.

You would work closely with engineering designers, steel erectors and other construction trades people.

https://nationalcareersservice.direct.gov.uk/advice/planning/jobprofile.aspx

Задание 4. Ответьте на вопросы, не глядя в текст:

1.What are steel fixer’s duties?

2.What equipment do steel workers use?

3.What skills does a steel fixer need to have?

Бетонщик

Concreter

Задание 5. Сопоставьте толкование и перевод. Дополните, где необходимо, информацию. Используйте следующие выражения:

бетонирование – concreting

монолитная конструкция – solid construction

сборная конструкция – prefabricated structure

стеновая панель – building slab плита – slab

лестничный марш – stair flight

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Задание 6. Переведите текст, организуйте информацию, данную в нем, в опорную схему. Перескажитетекст, используя полученную схему.

Concreters may specialize as concrete finishers, concrete cutters, or concrete slab layers. There are large differences in the work done by concreters working on high-rise buildings and those working on smaller residential and commercial buildings.

For most jobs, concrete is mixed at a pre-mix concrete supplier’s factory and delivered to the site in a pre-mix concrete truck.

Concreters usually work outside on construction sites which may be dusty and noisy. Much of their time is spent standing or kneeling and they may also have to work at heights or underground in tunnels. Concreters may travel from job to job and usually begin work very early in the morning.

Concreters may perform the following tasks:

mix cement, gravel, sand and water to make concrete on site

move concrete into position using a concrete pump

place concrete into the formwork (usually temporary wood or steel moulds), making sure that it is spread and levelled, then compacted using vibrators

operate paving and trowelling machines to float, trowel and polish the concrete surface

create different surface textures by tamping, smoothing and shaping the concrete surface with a variety of hand tools

cut joints into hardened concrete

mix and apply pigments when a coloured surface is required

dig foundation trenches if working on residential or small commercial projects.

Задание 7. Ответьте на вопросы, не глядя в текст:

1.Where is concrete usually mixed?

2.What are the tasks of a concreter?

3.Where do concreters work?

Задание 8. Дополните схему сведениями о том, какие инструменты использует бетонщик. Переведите схему на английский язык и разверните ее в учебный текст на английском языке.

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Каменщик

bricklayer, brick-mason, builder, fixer, brick mason, mason, waller

Задание 9. Изучите таблицу, выпишите транскрипцию терминов из словаря. Используйте полученную информацию при выполнении следующего задания.

Задание 10. Сопоставьте толкование и перевод. Дополните, где необходимо, информацию.

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Задание 11. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Оформите полученную информацию в виде опорной схемы.

The aspiring bricklayers start their careers as apprentices and learn from a master craftsman the skills necessary for the trade. They also attend a vocational school to gain theoretical knowledge.

After three years of training, they graduate by successfully completing an exam held by the guild. The apprentices must show that they are able to construct masonry, know how to protect a house from humidity or water ingress, know about thermal insulation, know about the science of construction material and about occupational health and safety. If the apprentices are successful, they are awarded with the journeyman’s certificate and are now allowed to call themselves journeymen.

After graduation, the journeyman may choose to go on a three years and one day journey known as the “journey years”. For this purpose he may join an association for journeymen. The most important journeyman associations are as follows:

1. The righteous journeymen

The members of this association wear traditionally black (“the blacks”) to express their decency. The association is more than 200 years old. The members have a secret ceremony which they are not allowed to describe, but people say that its content and language are of great beauty. This association is very near to the unions and many of its members are members of the unions as well.

2. The free journeymen

This association was founded on May Day 1910 by the famous bricklayer Hermann Schäfer. They wear red and are called the reds. Their maxim is “we all are brothers, we all are the same”. They call each other “Dear Brother”.

3. Association of Roland

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They wear blue and are called the blue ones. Their maxim is “loyalty and friendship and brotherhood will unite us brothers of Roland all the time”.

After their journey years, the craftsmen are allowed to settle down (to become a local/citizen), but they will only be allowed to do so if they behaved respectably on their journey.

A person who has had many years of experience in their trade will be allowed to become a master. He will have another exam. In this exam he will show that he is an expert of the trade. He also must show that he can work well with other people and have some teaching skills, because as a master he will be allowed to educate younger bricklayers.

If he does well in the exam he will be rewarded with the master craftsman’s diploma by the chamber of crafts.

As a master he will be allowed to start his own construction company.

Задание 12. Ответьте на вопросы, не глядя в текст:

1.What knowledge and skills should an apprentice have to be awarded with the journeyman’s certificate?

2.What bricklayers’ associations do you know?

3.What are the duties of a master?

Задание 13. Дополните схему сведениями о том, какие инструменты использует каменщик, с какими материалами работает, какие виды работ выполняет, какие навыки необходимы для выполнения таких работ.

Дополните схему, используя сведения из текста (с. 62). Переведите схему на английский язык и разверните ее в учебный текст на английском языке.

каменщик

инструменты

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Кровельщик

plater, roofer, roofing worker, sheeter, tiler, slater, slater-and-tiler

Задание 14. Изучите таблицу, выпишите транскрипцию терминов из словаря. Используйте полученную информацию при выполнении следующего задания.

A roofer is a construction worker who specializes in roof construction. Roofers concentrate on the application of materials that water proof and/or weather proof buildings, designed material – as a substrate for the roofing materials to be installed on, the rafters, beams, and trusses are the frame or skeleton for the roof to be built upon. Roofers must be able to have good motor skills and possess general carpentry skills.

A competent roofer in the UK would be capable of carrying out most domestic roofing projects. These would include built up flat roof systems and pitched roofing works including natural slating and concrete and clay roof tiling. Also he would need a good and applicable knowledge of lead work to weather proof areas such as chimneys and abutments

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Задание 16. Прочитайте текст. Организуйте полученную вами информацию в опорную схему.

Roofers may perform the following tasks:

look at drawings, specifications and worksites to determine materials required

assess risks

erect ladders and tile elevators

erect and dismantle restricted height scaffolding

place roofing underlays over eaves and secure by nailing or stapling to roofs

correctly space and nail wooden strips (called battens) across the roof rafters on which the tiles or other roofing material will be placed

lay aluminium, steel or clay tiles, stone slates, wooden shingles or steel sheeting

install metal gutters, downpipes and other rainwater products

overlap successive layers of tiles and measure and cut roofing material to fit around vents, chimney edges and the hips and valleys of the roof

fix roof flashings (weatherproof covering)

fix the ridge caps and gable ends with cement mortar or tech screws

handle waterproofing materials, tools and equipment

apply protective paint coating systems

clear the roof of debris when the job is finished.

Income (gross) of persons working full-time - Roofer

This table is based on the 2011 census conducted by the Australian Bureau of Statistics.

Earnings of persons working full-time - Roofer

Employment Status Weekly Income (gross) $

This information is based on the Employee Earnings, Benefits and Trade Union Membership survey conducted annually by the Australian Bureau of Statistics.

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Задание 17. Работайте в парах. Составьте 3 вопроса по тексту и обсудите их с вашим партнером.

Задание 18. Дополните схему сведениями о том, какие инструменты использует кровельщик, с какими материалами работает, какие задачи выполняет, какие навыки необходимы для выполнения таких работ.

Дополните схему, используя сведения из текста (с. 65). Переведите схему на английский язык и разверните ее в учебный текст на английском языке.

кровельщик

инструменты

Плотник-столяр joiner, carpenter-and-joiner

Задание 19. Изучите таблицу, выпишите транскрипцию терминов из словаря.

Задание 20. Сопоставьте толкование и перевод. Дополните, где необходимо, информацию.

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Задание 21. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Организуйте информацию в видеопорнойсхемы.Перескажитетекстсопоройнаполученнуюсхему.

How to become a carpenter or joiner

Carpenters work on-site constructing large and small buildings and repairing and installing structures such as foundations, walls, roofs, windows and doors. Joiners measure, cut, prepare and assemble timber and timber board products to make interior fittings such as kitchen cabinets, shop fittings, laminate bench tops, timber doors, window frames and stairs.

Qualifications

There is no entry requirement to work as a carpenter. However, employers are increasingly looking for people with (or working towards) a National Certificate in Carpentry (Level 4). The National Certificate in Carpentry (Level 4) is generally achieved through an apprenticeship, which typically takes about four years. This qualification, or its equivalent, is a prerequisite to become a licensed carpenter under the Government’s ‘streamline’ licensed building practitioner process. However it is still possible to become licensed building practitioner without being qualified by undergoing a more extensive assessment.

While other qualifications and other license classes are available in specialized building areas (for example, roofing, and brick & blocklaying), licensed carpenters are able to work across a wider range of building tasks without supervision.

For joinery there is no entry requirement to start the qualification. However, employers are looking for those who have at least NCEA Level 2 to enter into the trade. Entry can be through a pre-trade Level 2–3 qualification.

Alternatively, to complete a Level 4 qualification, employment with a joinery company and the offer of an apprenticeship is a common pathway. More commonly a three-to-four year apprenticeship is offered to gain the qualification whilst working.

http://www.dol.govt.nz/publications/lmr/occupational-outlook/construction- infrastructure/carpenters-and-joiners.pdf

Задание 22. Ответьте на вопросы, не глядя в текст:

1.What are the duties of a joiner?

2.What are the requirements to work as a carpenter?

3.What is Level 4?

Задание 23. Дополните схему сведениями о том, какие инструменты использует плотник, с какими материалами работает, каковы цели и результаты его работы. Дополните схему, используя сведения из тек-

ста «How to become a carpenter or joiner». Переведите схему на анг-

лийский язык и разверните ее в учебный текст на английском языке.

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