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Задание 7. Переведите данные ниже предложения. На основе полученной информации составьте небольшой текст по истории данной профессии.

In England in the late 13th century the Painters Company and the Stainers Company were established.

In 1502 the Painters Company and the Stainers Company eventually merged, forming the Worshipful Company of Painter-Stainers which standardized the craft and acted as a protector of the trade secrets.

In 1599 the guild asked Parliament for protection.

According to the bill of 1606 the trade protection from outside competition such as plasterers was granted.

The Act legislated for a seven’s year apprenticeship, and also barred plasterers from painting, unless apprenticed to a painter, with the penalty for such painting being a fine of £5.

Enforcement of this Act by the Painter-Stainers Company was sought up until the early 19th century.

Master painters gathered irregularly to decide the fees that a journeyman could charge.

The guild's power in setting the fee a journeyman could charge was eventually overturned by law in 1827.

The guilds were superseded by trade unions.

The Operative United Painters' Union was formed in 1831. In 1894 a national association was formed.

In 1918 it was recreated as the National Federation of Master Painters and Decorators of England and Wales.

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Then it changed its name to the British Decorators Association.

In 2002 it merged with the Painting & Decorating Federation to form the Painting & Decorating Association.

Задание 8. Дополните схему сведениями о том, какие инструменты использует маляр, какие специализации в данной профессии выделяются, с какими материалами работает, какие виды работ выполняет. Дополните схему, используя сведения из текста (c. 38). Переведите схему на английский язык и разверните ее в учебный текст на английском языке.

маляр

электрик-м. обойщик пейзажист

виды работ

инструменты

материалы

Облицовщик facing worker, facer

Задание 9. На основе информации, данной в переводе, дайте развернутое толкование понятия. Используйте следующие выражения:

облицовка – facing

конструктивный элемент здания – structural member of a building

стойкость к воздействию влаги – moisture resistance стойкость к воздействию температур – thermal-cycling stability санитарногигиенические условия – health conditions

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Задание 10. Работайте в парах. Составьте 3 вопроса по тексту и обсудите их с вашим партнером.

Facing bricks are bricks which are intended to be visible, and are thus designed with some aesthetic aims in mind so that they are visually interesting and appealing to look at. Many brick manufacturers produce facing bricks, using a variety of techniques, and they are readily available from building and home supply stores. It is also possible to make special orders if a particular color, size, or style is desired.

As the name implies, facing bricks are designed to be used as facing, as for example on the exterior of a wall, where the bricks will be seen. These bricks may lack the tensile strength of engineering bricks, which are used for structural brickwork, although facing bricks can be used for structural applications in some cases. These bricks are designed to have a neat, even appearance. They also tend to be made from materials which are interesting to look at, since they will comprise the literal face of a building, and will be the first thing people encounter when approaching.

While facing bricks can come in classic red, it's also possible to find cream, yellow, and other colors. Some bricks may have inclusions which add visual texture, and facing bricks can also be stamped with motifs or designs which are designed to make them more attractive. Facing bricks can be extruded or molded, and in some cases may be made by hand, although handmade brick can be quite expensive.

Sometimes, it is possible to find affordable facing bricks in the form of reclaimed brick. Reclaimed brick is brick which is salvaged from a structure

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which is destroyed or remodeled. While reclaimed brick is sometimes chipped, scarred, smeared with mortar, or layered in paint, it may be in good condition, in which case it can be used for facing. People may also want to actively cultivate a slightly weathered look, in which case they may prefer to use reclaimed brick for facing because it's already been aged, so to speak.

Some things to think about when selecting facing brick include the color and size, and what kind of pattern is going to be created with the brickwork. There are a number of different patterns or courses which can be used to lay out brick, and some people mix these up even further with alternating colors and other variations. With an idea of what one wants in mind, it's possible to pick facing brick which will meet the need.

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-facing-bricks.htm

Задание 11. На основе всех сведений, полученных об обозначенном понятии, составьте учебный текст на английском языке.

Задание 12. Дополните схему сведениями о том, какие инструменты использует облицовщик, с какими материалами работает, какие виды работ выполняет, каковы цели и результаты его работы. Дополните схему, используя сведения из текста (с. 40). Переведите схему на английский язык и разверните ее в учебный текст на английском языке.

…

Обойщик, оклейщик обоев

Paper-hanger

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Задание 13. Изучите таблицу, выпишите транскрипцию терминов из словаря. Используйте полученную информацию при выполнении следующего задания.

The paperhanger is actually an interior design expert who specializes in the design and installation of a number of decorative mediums to walls. These mediums may include traditional wallpaper, grass paper, fabrics, and screenprints

Задание 15. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Организуйте информацию в виде опорной схемы. Перескажите текст с опорой на полученную схему.

While many people may assume that a paperhanger is simply a common laborer that hangs wallpaper, the fact is that the role of a paperhanger in the profession of interior design is a little more in depth. Paperhangers, like most persons who work in the decorating industry, tend to have an eye for color, texture, and form. This helps the paperhanger to make constructive suggestions to clients when it comes to selecting wall coverings. In addition, paperers will be proficient in a number of different wallpapering techniques, which may help achieve a certain look or texture that makes the finished product more visually appealing.

Generally, a paperhanger gains his or her reputation by working as an apprentice with an established paperer. This relationship provides the fledgling paperhanger with direct experience under the direction of a recognized expert, and can also help introduce the novice to concepts, ideas, and processes that may or may not already be part of the knowledge base of the new employee. An apprenticeship typically lasts three to four years before the paperhanger is considered ready to step out on his or her own.

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For others, formal education in the field of interior design forms the basis of a career as a paperhanger. Many degreed courses of study related to interior design will include some information about papering, including the use of fabric sheeting, vinyl and natural papers, screening as part of creating attractive wall dressings.

A paperhanger may choose to work as part of an interior design firm, or set up shop as an independent consultant. Like many professionals, the paperhanger will meet with a client, go over the thoughts and desires of the customer, look at the room that is to receive a wall treatment, and then develop two or more options for the customer to consider. In some cases, the paperhanger may choose to charge a consultation fee for this preliminary work, while other paperhangers prefer to bundle these expenses into the final pricing quote that is submitted to the customer for consideration.

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-paperhanger.htm

Задание 16. Ответьте на вопросы, не глядя в текст:

1.What skills should a paperhanger have?

2.How is the paperhanger reputation gained?

3.What work do paperhangers perform?

Задание 17. Дополните схему сведениями о том, какие инструменты использует обойщик, с какими материалами работает, какие виды обоев существуют. Дополните схему, используя сведения из текста (с. 43). Переведите схему на английский язык и разверните ее в учебный текст на английском языке.

обойщик

инструменты

материалы

виды обоев

Отделочник (рабочий по отделке поверхности бетонных конструкций)

trowel man, finisher, concrete finisher, cement mason

Задание 18. Дайте перевод толкования понятия.

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Задание 19. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Схематично представьте его содержание.

A concretefinishersmoothes and finishes concrete surfaces. Concrete is one of the most common materials used in construction projects. The substance is composed of gravel, sand, water and cement. Concrete is used in creating floors, sidewalks, walkways,roadsandcurbs.

Pouring,settingand finishingconcretetakesteamwork.Atypicalteamincludes aconcrete mason, a finisherand other laborers. A concrete mason and a concretefinishercan share similar duties, and some employers require a concrete mason totakeonallofthedutiesthataretypicalforaconcretefinisher.Attimes,thetitlesfor a concrete mason andfinishercan be used interchangeably. A concretefinishercan also be known as a cementfinisher,cement mason,finisher, mason or concrete mason.

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Careful preparation is involved when dealing with concrete. During the entire process, afinisheror mason must monitor the weather. For example, wind can easily produceirregularities on wetconcrete.

Formworkis the basic foundation for laying and aligning concrete, a task typically performed by a concrete mason. Once the foundation has been prepared, concrete is then cast by laborers. After a concrete mason levels and floats the concrete, a concretefinisherpresses an edging tool between the forms and concrete. Afinisherproduces aslightlyrounded edgebyguidingtheedgingtool alongtheedge and surface with thepurpose ofpreventinganychipping or cracking. Concrete finishers then use an important tool called a groover, which helps control crackingbymakingjointsand groovesatpreciseintervals.

A concretefinishercan create different textures on concrete by using various tools and techniques. For a smooth surface, afinisheruses a smooth, rectangular tool called a trowel. Afinisherdevelops a smooth finish by moving the trowel back and forth on the concrete surface. For a coarse finish, afinisheruses a broom or stiffbristled brush to brush the surface. A pebble finish can be produced by embedding smallchips ofgravelintotheconcrete's surface.

No matter what surface thefinisheruses, he/she then applies sealing and hardening compounds. These can be used to cure the concrete surface. A concretefinisherthen takes the time to closely evaluate the surface with the purpose of findinganyrough oruneven areas,andhe/shecleans anychipped areas byusing wire brushes.

http://www.wisegeek.com/what-does-a-concrete-finisher-do.htm

Задание 20. Работайте в парах. Составьте 3 вопроса по тексту и обсудите их с вашим партнером.

Задание 21. Дополните схему сведениями о том, какие инструменты использует отделочник, с какими материалами работает, каковы цели и результаты его работы. Дополните схему, используя сведения из текста (с. 45). Переведите схему на английский язык и разверните ее в учебный текст на английском языке.

отделочник

инструменты

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Плиточник

Tiler, floor tiler, tile setter

Задание 46. Изучите таблицу, выпишите транскрипцию терминов из словаря. Используйте полученную информацию при выполнении следующего задания.

Задание 47. Дайте перевод толкования понятия.

Задание 48. Прочитайте текст, организуйте информацию, представленную в тексте, в виде опорной схемы. Перескажите текст, опираясь на полученную схему.

The job of a tile layer starts with assessing the site where tiles are going to be installed. The tile layer discusses options with the customer, talking about types of tiles which can be used and available color and finish options. While assessing the scene, the tile layer thinks about needs like impact resistance, waterproofing, or the desire for non-slip surfaces to come up with recommendations. He/she may also propose various patterns and designs

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