560
.pdfФедеральное агентство по образованию
Сибирская государственная автомобильно-дорожная академия (СибАДИ)
Кафедра иностранных языков
ГРАММАТИКА В УПРАЖНЕНИЯХ
Ч. 2. Страдательный залог
сборник упражнений
по грамматике английского языка
Составитель М.В. Цыгулева
Омск Издательство СибАДИ
2007
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УДК 42
ББК 81.432.1
Рецензент доктор филологических наук, зав. каф. русского языка ОМГУ Л.О. Бутакова
Работа одобрена редакционно-издательским советом академии в качестве сборника упражнений по грамматике английского языка для студентов специальности «Переводчик в сфере профессиональных коммуникаций».
Грамматика в упражнениях. Ч. 2. Страдательный залог: Сборник упражнений по грамматике английского языка / Сост. М. В. Цыгулева. – Омск: Изд-во СибАДИ, 2007. – 31 с.
Сборник содержит упражнения по одному из трудных разделов английской грамматики: страдательному залогу. Упражнения способствуют овладению грамматически правильной английской речью.
Библиогр.: 9 назв.
Составитель М. В. Цыгулева, 2007
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Учебное издание
ГРАММАТИКА В УПРАЖНЕНИЯХ
Ч. 2. Страдательный залог
Сборник упражнений по грамматике английского языка
Составитель Маргарита Викторовна Цыгулева
Редактор Н.И. Косенкова
Подписано к печати 10.05.2007 Формат 60x90 1/16. Бумага писчая Оперативный способ печати Гарнитура Таймс Усл. п. л. 2,0, уч.-изд. л. 2,0 Тираж 100 экз.
Заказ . Цена договорная
Издательство СибАДИ 644099, г. Омск, ул. П. Некрасова, 10
Отпечатано в ПЦ издательства СибАДИ 644099, г. Омск, ул. П. Некрасова, 10
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Грамматика в упражнениях
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Сборник упражнений по грамматике английского языка
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THE PASSIVE VOICE
1. Do you remember when the Passive is used? Read the information below.
-when the agent (the person who does the action) is unknown, unimportant or obvious from the context. The door had been locked.
-when we are interested more in the action than the agent, such as in news reports, formal notices, instructions, processes, headlines, advertisements etc.
Breakfast is served from 6.00 to 10.30. (formal notice)
-to make statements more formal or polite. My new dress has been ruined. (more polite than saying "You ruined my dress.")
-to put emphasis on the agent. The Pyramids were built by the ancient Egyptians.
|
TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE |
||
PRESENT |
Active Voice |
Passive Voice |
|
They serve dinner at 6.00. |
Dinner is served at 6.00. |
||
Simple |
|||
Continuous |
They are serving dinner |
Dinner is being served |
|
|
now. |
now. |
|
Perfect |
They have served dinner. |
Dinner has been served. |
|
Perfect |
They have been serving |
----------- |
|
Cont. |
dinner. |
|
|
PAST |
They served dinner. |
Dinner was served. |
|
Simple |
|||
Continuous |
They were serving dinner. |
Dinner was being served. |
|
Perfect |
They had served dinner. |
Dinner had been served. |
|
Perfect |
They had been serving |
----------- |
|
Cont. |
dinner. |
|
|
FUTURE |
They will serve dinner. |
Dinner will be served. |
|
Simple |
|||
Perfect |
They will have served |
Dinner will have been |
|
|
dinner. |
served. |
|
Continuous |
They will be serving dinner. |
----------- |
|
Perfect |
They will have been serving |
----------- |
|
Cont. |
dinner. |
|
|
Pres. |
They should serve dinner. |
Dinner should be served. |
|
infinitive |
|
|
|
Perf. |
They should have served |
Dinner should have been |
|
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infinitive |
dinner. |
-ing form |
He likes people serving his |
|
dinner. |
served.
He likes his dinner being served.
Perfect –ing Having served dinner,... |
Dinner having been |
|
form |
|
served... |
Modals |
You must serve dinner. |
Dinner must be served. |
Note: Get is used in colloquial English instead of be to express something happening by accident. He got hurt last Monday. (more usual than: He was hurt last Monday.)
2. Write sentences in the passive as in the example:
1. (The floor/not clean/yet) ......The floor hasn't been cleaned yet...
2.(The politician/interview/now) ..............................................................
3.(The Mona Lisa/paint/Leonardo da Vinci) ..................................................
4.(My flat/burgle/last night) ...............................................................
5.(All tickets/sell/before we got there) ...........................................................
6.(The dog/not feed/yet) .................................................................
7.(The presents/wrap/now) ................................................................
8. (The prizes/award/President/tomorrow) ………...........................................
9. (Tea/grow/India) .................................................................. |
|
10. (The prisoners/take/to prison/now) |
……………......................................... |
3. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive form. |
|
Something should 1) ...be done... |
(do) to protect holidaymakers from awful |
experiences. So many articles 2)............................ |
(write) so far in newspapers |
and magazines warning tourists to guard against being victims of tricksters. The
brochure |
advertisements ought to |
3)................. |
(approve) by |
ABTA |
before |
4).............................. |
(publish) |
to ensure |
that the |
details |
which |
5).............................. |
(give) aren't misleading or inaccurate. Mr and Mrs Brown |
||||
had a typical bad holiday experience. They arrived at the old hotel which was
situated in the |
middle of nowhere. |
The brochure claimed that it 6) |
||||
................................ |
(build) recently, but it was obvious that it was old. It |
|||||
7)............................. |
(not/decorate) for years and the paint was peeling off the |
|||||
walls. The previous owners had sold the hotel, which 8) .............................. |
|
|
||||
(buy) by an elderly couple. They 9)..................... |
|
(advise) by their children to |
||||
employ staff to manage it but, unfortunately, people 10).............................. |
|
|
||||
(still/interview) |
at the time when Mr and Mrs Brown arrived. Food |
|||||
11)................................. |
(not/serve) |
in |
the |
restaurant |
and |
guests |
12)............................... |
(expect) to make their own arrangements. As if that |
|||||
wasn't enough, |
when they went to |
their |
rooms, |
they found |
the bed |
linen |
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13)..................................... |
(not/change) after the previous occupants. As far as |
|
Mr and Mrs Brown were concerned the hotel should 14).............................. |
|
|
(close) until adequate staff 15)............................................................... |
(employ). |
|
It is certainly nothing like the hotel which 16).................................................. |
|
|
(describe) in the brochure. |
|
|
4. Rewrite the newspaper headlines as complete sentences.
1.DEMONSTRATIONS AGAINST POLL TAX HELD LAST SUNDAY
2.ALL-DAY STRIKE TO BE HELD BY ELECTRICITY WORKERS
3.MISSING PAINTING NOT YET RECOVERED
4.CHILD RESCUED FROM QUICKSAND YESTERDAY
5.£1,000,000 BEING RAISED FOR HOMELESS IN L.A.
6.MEXICO CITY TO BE HIT BY HURRICANE TOMORROW
5. Change from the active into the passive. Omit the agent where it can be omitted. Justify the omission or inclusion of the agent.
1.The Scots make the best fudge.... The best fudge is made by the Scots. (agent not omitted; emphasis on the agent)
2.You should take these tablets before meals. ..................................................
3.You must wash coloured clothes separately. ...................................................
4.The teacher sent him out of the classroom. .....................................................
5.Thousands of British tourists will visit Spain this summer. ............................
6.The dentist pulled out my rotten tooth. ........................................................
7.The police are questioning him now. ............................................................
8.Someone has made a complaint. ................................................................
9.They had left the lights on. ...........................................................................
10.I broke my arm when I fell out of a tree. ......................................................
11.The horrible old man was slowly poisoning the cat. ………………………..
12.The snow will have covered the mountains by Christmas…………………..
13.The waitress serves breakfast at 7 am. .........................................................
14.Who delivered the parcel? .........................................................................
15.Her parents made her clean her room. .........................................................
16.They will have finished the work by tonight. ...............................................
17.Someone had warned her that she might lose her job. ……………………...
18.Who discovered America? ..........................................................................
19.Who is going to feed your dog? ...................................................................
20.Who answered the phone? ............................................................................
21.Who did they give the prize to? ....................................................................
22.Which building are they going to knock down? ............................................
6. Fill in "by" or "with". |
|
1. Most children are strongly influenced |
.........9. The goal was scored |
...by... their parents. |
Liverpool's youngest player. |
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2. |
The jam sandwiches were made |
..........10. The beds were made up |
||||||
.......... |
white bread. |
|
|
|
clean sheets. |
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3. |
Jake was dismissed .......... |
his boss. |
11. The song was performed.......... |
|||||
4. |
The show was |
presented |
.......... Mr |
Madonna. |
|
|||
Jones. |
|
|
|
|
12. |
This |
awful mess was |
|
5. |
The parcels were tied .......... |
|
string. |
made.......... |
Carol's dog. |
|||
6. |
The |
meal |
was |
eaten .......... |
13. |
The supermarket trolley was |
||
chopsticks. |
|
|
|
filled .......... |
cat food. |
|||
7. |
The |
football fans |
were |
observed |
14. |
My camera was loaded .......... |
||
.......... |
the police. |
|
|
|
a black and white film. |
|||
8. |
My hair was cut.......... |
|
a top stylist. |
|
|
|
||
|
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|
|
|
7. Complete the sentences using the passive and the verbs listed below: must, shouldn't, might, can't
1. Has the rubbish been collected yet? - Well, it's not here now so it ...must have been collected. .........
2.Did anyone tell David about the meeting? - He's written it in his diary so he.......................................................
3.Has someone repaired the telephone? - I've just used it so it..........................………………………….
4. Was Sue injured in the car accident? - She.............................................. |
I |
heard there were a few casualties. |
|
5. Did anyone move the accident victim? - Yes, but he................................... |
It |
was a mistake to touch him. |
|
6. Ted said someone stole his car. Is that true? - No. It........................................ |
|
................................ I've just seen him driving it. |
|
8. How do we react when we have some bad news? It depends on the news. Some things are more important than others, and we react to something serious in a different way from something less serious, however unfortunate.
Have you heard that 300 people were killed when a plane crashed this morning?
– Oh, how terrible!
I didn’t get the job after all. – Oh, what a pity!
If you reacted to the first situation with what a pity, people would think that you were a strange person indeed!
One person gives the news; the other reacts in an appropriate way using the following phrases:
OH NO! WHAT A PITY! WHAT A SHAME! WHAT A NUISANCE. POOR YOU. HOW AWFUL! HOW TERRIBLE! I’M REALLY SORRY TO HEAR THAT. THAT MUST’VE BEEN AWFUL!
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1. My girlfriend/sprain/ankle/first day/holiday. 2. All my money/steal/jacket pocket. 3. My uncle/pass away/last week. 4. Someone I know at work/tell/cancer. 5. I/steal/bike. 6. Someone/steal/car radio/lunchtime. 7. Several hundred people/kill/yesterday’s earthquake. 8. My sister/hit/mouth/car door/a tooth/break.
Talk about what you say AND what you do when you hear very bad news.
1. A friend tells you that there has just been a terrible earthquake – thousands of people are dead. 2. A friend tells you that she has just heard that her mother has died. 3. A friend tells you that his house has been burgled. 4. A friend tells you that his wife’s car was broken down in the very centre of town.
Tell your partner a bad news and let him react.
9.Correct any verb forms which are impossible or inappropriate. a) A lot of homes in the area have been being broken into by burglars.
have been broken into
b) As I drove south, I could see that the old road was rebuilding.
c) I suppose the letter will have been delivered by now. .......................................
d) There is nothing more annoying than been interrupted when you are speaking. e) Jim was been given the sack from his new job.
f) Somehow without my noticing my wallet had been disappeared. g) The new shopping centre was opened by the local MR.
h) A lot of meetings have been held, but nothing has being decided yet.
10.Both sentences in each pair have the same meaning. Complete the second sentence.
a) The crowd was slowly filling the huge stadium.
The huge stadium was slowly being filled by the crowd.
b) The inventor of the computer simplified the work of the accountants.
Since the computer................... |
the work of accountants...................... |
simplified. |
c) Someone has suggested that the shop should close. |
|
|
It.............................................. |
that the shop should close. |
|
d) 'I'd take out some travel insurance if I were you, Mr Smith.' |
|
|
Mr Smith................................ |
take out some travel insurance. |
|
e) The waitress will bring your drinks in a moment. |
|
|
Your drinks.................................. |
in a moment. |
|
f) Someone used a knife to open the window. |
|
|
This window.......................................... |
a knife. |
|
g) You will hear from us when we have finished dealing with your complaint. After your complaint ........................................, you will hear from us.
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h) An announcement of their engagement appeared in the local paper.
Their engagement |
..................................... in the local paper. |
i) Nobody ever heard anything of David again. |
|
Nothing..................................................... |
David again. |
j) They paid Sheila £1,000 as a special bonus. |
|
£1,000............................................ |
Sheila as a special bonus. |
11.Rewrite each sentence in the passive, omitting the words underlined. a) Someone left the phone off the hook all night.
The phone was left off the hook all night.
b) The government has announced that petrol prices will rise tomorrow. c) A burglar broke into our house last week.
d) People asked me the way three times.
e) The fruit-pickers pick the apples early in the morning.
f) It's time the authorities did something about this problem. g) Lots of people had parked their cars on the pavement.
h) The government agreed with the report and so they changed the law. i) You have to fill in an application form.
j) They don't know what happened to the ship.
12.Put each verb in brackets into an appropriate passive verb form.
a) The boxes have not been packed (not/pack) yet. |
|
|
b) Your food.............................................. |
(still/prepare). |
|
c) The new ship.............................................. |
(launch) next week. |
|
d) Luckily by the time we got there the painting.................................... |
(not/sell). |
|
e) We had to go on holiday because our house..................................... |
(decorate). |
|
f) I'm afraid that next week's meeting.............................................. |
|
(cancel). |
g) If we don't hurry, all the tickets......................... |
(sell) by the time we get there. |
|
h) All main courses.............................................. |
(serve) with |
vegetables or |
salad. At least that is what is written on the menu. |
|
|
i) The second goal................................ |
(score) by Hughes in the 41st minute. |
|
j) The cathedral.............................................. |
(build) in the fourteenth century. |
|
13. Underline any uses of the agent which are unnecessary.
a)My jewellery has been stolen by a thief!
b)It has been decided by the authorities that Wednesday will be a school holiday.
c)Harry was pushed over by someone standing next to him in the queue.
d)The goods are transported by rail to our warehouse in the Midlands.
e)I was told by someone that you have a vacancy for a computer operator.
f)Sue has been picked by the selectors for the national event.
g)The letter was sent by post on the 21st of last month.
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