книги студ / Color Atlas of Pharmacology

Index

381

oxidases, mixed-function,

antiparkinsonian drugs,

pharmacology, history of,

32

188–190

2–4

oxidation reactions, 36, 37

pseudoparkinsonism,

pharyngitis, 324

oxymetazoline, 326

238

α-phase, 46

oxytocin, 126, 242, 243

treatment, 88, 106, 114

β-phase, 46

paromomycin, 278

phase I reactions in drug

P

paroxetine, 232

biotransformation, 32,

partial agonists, 60

34

p-aminobenzoic acid (PA-

pastes, 12, 13, 16, 17

phase II reactions in drug

BA), 272, 273

patient compliance, 48

biotransformation, 32,

paclitaxel, 296, 297

pectin, 178

34

pain, 194, 195

penbutolol, 94

phenacetin, 36

see also analgesics

penciclovir, 286

phencyclidine, 240

palliative therapy, 296

D-penicillamine, 302, 303,

pheniramine, 114

pamidronate, 318

320

phenobarbital, 138, 190,

pancreatic enzymes, 180,

penicillinase, 270, 271

191, 192, 222

181

penicillins, 267–270, 271

enzyme induction, 32, 33

pancreozymin, 180

elimination, 268

phenolphthalein, 174

pancuronium, 184, 185

penicillin G, 72, 266,

phenothiazines, 236, 238,

pantoprazole, 168

268–270, 271

330

Papaver somniferum, 4

penicillin V, 270, 271

phenoxybenzamine, 90

papaverine, 210

Penicillium notatum, 268

phenoxymethylpenicillin,

Paracelsus, 2

pentazocine, 210, 212, 214,

270

paracetamol, see acetami-

215

phentolamine, 90, 312

nophen

pentobarbital, 223

phenylbutazone, 200, 316

paraffinomas, 174

biotransformation, 36,

phenylephrine, 86

paraoxon, 36, 102, 103

37

phenytoin, 130, 136

parasitic infections,

peptic ulcers, 104, 106,

epilepsy treatment, 190,

292–295

166–169

191, 192

parasympathetic nervous

peptidases, 34

folic acid absorption and,

system, 80, 98–107

peptide synthetase, 276

138

anatomy, 98

peptidoglycan, 268

phobic disorders, 226

drugs acting on,

perchlorate, 246, 247

phosphodiesterase, 66

102–107

pergolide, 114, 126, 188

inhibitors, 128

responses to activation,

perindopril, 124

phospholipase A2, 248

98, 99

perineurium, 206

phospholipase C, 66, 100,

parasympatholytics,

peristalsis, 170, 171, 173

150

104–107, 128, 134, 324

permethrin, 292

phospholipid bilayer, 20,

contraindications for,

pernicious anemia, 138

26

106

perphenazine, 330

as barrier, 22

parasympathomimetics,

pethidine, 210

phospholipids, 20, 26

102–103, 128

pharmacodynamics, 4

phosphoric acid, 20

direct, 102, 103

pharmacogenetics, 70

physostigmine, 102, 103,

indirect, 102, 103

pharmacokinetics, 4, 6,

106, 302

parathion, 102

44–51

pilocarpine, 102

biotransformation, 36,

accumulation, 48, 49, 50,

pindolol, 94, 95

37

51

pinworm, 292, 293

parathormone, 264, 265

concentration time

pipecuronium, 184

paravertebral ganglia, 82

course, 46–49, 68, 69

piperacillin, 270

parenteral administration,

protein binding, 30

piperazine, 236, 238

12, 13

see also elimination of

pirenzepine, 104, 107, 166

Parkinsonism

drugs

piretanide, 162

piroxicam, 200, 320

pizotifen, 322

hypertension treatment,

prostaglandin synthase in-

placebo effect, 76, 77

312

hibitors, 320

placebo-controlled trials,

vomiting, 330, 331

prostaglandins, 126, 168,

76

pregnandiol, 254, 255

196, 197, 320

placental barrier, 24

premedication, 104, 106,

NSAIDS and, 200, 201

Plantago, 170

226

prostate

plasma volume expanders,

prevertebral ganglia, 82

benign hyperplasia, 90,

152–153

prilocaine, 208, 209

252, 312

plasmalemma, 20

biotransformation, 34,

carcinoma, 242

plasmin, 146

35

hypertrophy, 106

inhibitors, 146

primaquine, 294, 295

protamine, 144

plasminogen, 144, 146

primary biliary cirrhosis,

protease inhibitors, 288,

activators, 146

180

289

Plasmodium falciparum,

primidone, 138, 192

protein binding, of drugs,

294

pro-opiomelanocortin,

30–31

Plasmodium ovale, 294

210, 211

protein kinase A, 66

Plasmodium vivax, 294

probenecid, 268, 269, 316,

protein synthesis, 276

platelet activating factor

317

inhibitors, 276–279

(PAF), 148, 150

probucol, 156

protein synthesis-regulat-

platelet cyclooxygenase,

procainamide, 134, 136

ing receptors, 64, 65

150, 151

procaine, 134, 208, 209,

protirelin, 242

platelet factor 3 (PF3), 142

268

pseudocholinesterase defi-

platelets, 148, 149, 196

biotransformation, 34,

ciency, 186

inhibitors of aggregation,

35

pseudoparkinsonism, 238

150, 151

prodrugs, 34

psilocin, 240

plicamycin, 264

prodynorphin, 210

psilocybin, 116, 240

poisoning

proenkephalin, 210, 211

psychedelic drugs,

antidotes, 302–305

progabide, 190

116–118, 240, 241

atropine, 106, 202, 302

progesterone, 254, 255,

psychological dependence,

polidocanol, 208

257

210–212

polyarthritis, chronic, 320

progestin preparations,

psychomimetics, 240, 241

polyene antibiotics, 282,

254

psychopharmacologicals,

283

oral contraceptives, 256

226–241

polymyxins, 266, 267

proguanil, 294, 295

psychosomatic un-

portal vein, 32, 33

prokinetic agents, 116

coupling, 232, 236

potassium (K+) channel ac-

prolactin, 242, 243

purgatives, 170–177

tivation, 66

prolactin release inhibiting

dependence, 172, 173

potassium-sparing diuret-

hormone (PRIH), 242

pyrazinamide, 280, 281

ics, 164, 165

prolactin-releasing hor-

pyridostigmine, 102

potency, 54, 60, 61

mone (PRH), 242

pyridylcarbinol, 156

potentiation, 76

promethazine, 114

pyrimethamine, 294, 295

powders, 12, 13, 16, 17

propafenone, 136

pyrogens, 202, 203

pramipexole, 188

propofol, 220, 221

pravastatin, 156

propranolol, 94, 95, 322

Q

praziquantel, 292, 293

biotransformation, 36,

prazosin, 90

37

quinapril, 124

preclinical testing, 6

enantioselectivity, 62

quinidine, 136, 295

prednisolone, 36, 248, 249

propylthiouracil, 247

quinine, 294

prednisone, biotransfor-

propyphenazone, 198

4-quinolone-3-carboxylic

mation, 36

prospective trials, 76

acid, 274, 275

pregnancy

prostacyclin, 116, 118,

drug toxicity, 74, 75

148, 150, 196

Index

383

R

rocuronium, 184

serum sickness, 72

rolitetracycline, 278

sibutramine, 88

racemates, 62, 63

ropinirole, 188

side effects, 70–75

raloxifen, 254

rosiglitazone, 262

signal transduction, 64, 66

ramipril, 124

rough endoplasmic reticu-

lithium ion effects, 234

ranitidine, 116, 168

lum (rER), 32, 33

simethicone, 180

rapid eye movement

roundworms, 292, 293

simile principle, 76

(REM) sleep, 222, 223

simvastatin, 156

reactive hyperemia, 90, 91

S

sinus bradycardia, 134

receptor-mediated endo-

sinus tachycardia, 92, 134

cytosis, 26, 27

salazosulfapyridine, 272

sisomycin, 278

receptors, 20

salbutamol, 86, 328

skin

drug binding, 56

salicylates, 200

as barrier, 22

types of, 64–65

salicylic acid, 34

disinfection, 290, 291

rectal administration, 12,

see also acetylsalicylic

protection, 16, 17

18, 19

acid

transdermal drug deliv-

reduction reactions, 36, 37

salmeterol, 328

ery systems, 12, 13, 18,

renal failure, prophylaxis,

Salmonella typhi, 270, 271

19

158

saluretics, see diuretics

sleep, 222, 223

renal tubular secretion, 40

saquinavir, 288, 289

disturbances, 118, 222,

renin, 124, 158

sarcoplasmic reticulum,

224

renin-angiotensin-aldoste-

182

sleep-wake cycle, 224,

rone (RAA) system, 118,

Sarcoptes scabiei, 292

225

125, 158

sartans, 124

slow-release tablets, 10

inhibitors of, 124–125

Schistosoma, 292

smoking, 112–113

reserpine, 96, 114

schizophrenia, 118, 236,

see also nicotine

resistance, 266, 267

237

smooth endoplasmic retic-

respiratory tract, 22

Schmiedeberg, Oswald, 3

ulum (sER), 32, 33

inhalation of drugs, 14,

scopolamine, 106, 107,

smooth muscle

15, 18, 19

240, 330

acetylcholine effects,

retarded drug release, 10,

sea sickness, 106, 330, 331

100, 101

11

sedation, 222, 226

adrenoceptor activation

reteplase, 146

scopolamine, 106

effects, 84

retrospective trials, 76

seizures, 190, 226

drugs acting on,

reverse transcriptase, 288

selectivity, lack of, 70, 71

126–127

inhibitors, 288, 289

selegiline, 88, 188

relaxation of, 104, 120,

Reye’s syndrome, 198

senna, 174, 176

122, 326

rheumatoid arthritis, 302,

sensitivity

vascular, 118, 120, 122,

320–321

increased, 70, 71

196, 326

rhinitis, 324

variation, 52

sodium channel blockers,

ribonucleic acid (RNA),

sensitization, 72

128, 134–137, 204

274

serotonin, 88, 116–118

sodium chloride reabsorp-

synthesis inhibition, 298,

actions, 116

tion, kidney, 160, 161

299

neuronal reuptake, 230

sodium citrate, 264

ribosomes, 276

platelet activation, 148,

sodium methohexital, 221

ricinoleic acid, 174, 175

150

sodium monofluorophos-

rifabutin, 274

receptors, 116, 230, 322

phate, 318

rifampin, 267, 274, 280,

serotonin-selective reup-

sodium nitroprusside, 120,

281

take inhibitors (SSRI),

312

risk:benefit ratio, 70

230, 232

sodium picosulfate, 174

risperidone, 238, 240

sertindole, 238

sodium thiopental, 221

ritodrine, 126

sertraline, 232

solutions, 8, 17

ritonavir, 288

Sertümer, F.W., 4

concentration of, 28

injectable, 12

sulfamethoxazole, 272,

synapsin, 100

somatic nervous system,

273

synovectomy, 320

80

sulfapyridine, 272

syrups, 8

somatocrinin, 242

sulfasalazine, 272, 320

somatostatin, 242

sulfinpyrazone, 316

T

somatotropic hormone

sulfonamides

(STH), 242, 243

antibacterial, 267, 272,

T lymphocytes, 72, 300

soporifics, 222

273

tablets, 8–10

sorbitol, 160, 170

diuretics, 162, 163

vaginal, 12, 13

sore throat, 324, 325

sulfonylurea, 262

tachycardia, 134

sotalol, 136

sulfotransferases, 38

atropine poisoning and,

spasmolytics, 126, 127

sulfoxidations, 36

106

spasticity, 226

sulprostone, 126

treatment, 92, 122, 134

spermatogenesis stimula-

sulthiame, 162

tachyphylaxis, 88

tion, 252

sumatriptan, 116, 322

tacrine, 102

spiramycin, 276

suppositories, 12, 13

tacrolimus, 300

spironolactone, 164, 165

suspensions, 8

tamoxifen, 254

stage fright, 92

swallowing problems, 324

tape worms, 292, 293

stanozolol, 252

sweat glands

tardive dyskinesia, 238

Staphylococcus bacteria,

atropine poisoning and,

tazobactam, 270

270

106

temazepam, 222, 224

statins, 156

sympathetic innervation,

teniposide, 298

status epilepticus, 190, 192

80

teratogenicity, 74

stavudine, 288

sympathetic nervous

terazosin, 90

steady state, 48

system, 80–97

terbutaline, 84, 86, 326,

steal effect, 306

drugs acting on, 84–97

328

stereoisomerism, 62

responses to activation,

testing

sterilization, 290

80, 81

clinical, 6

steroid receptors, 64

structure of, 82

preclinical, 6

steroids, anabolic, 252

sympatholytics

testosterone, 34, 242, 252,

Straub tail phenomenon,

α-sympatholytics, 90, 91

253

52, 53

β-sympatholytics, 92, 93,

esters, 252

streptokinase, 144, 310

94, 95

testosterone heptanoate,

Streptomyces bacteria,

non-selective, 90

252

276, 277, 300, 302

selective, 90

testosterone propionate,

streptomycin, 276, 280,

sympathomimetics, 90, 91,

252

281

128, 132, 314

testosterone undecanoate,

stress, sleep disturbances

allergic disorder treat-

34, 252

and, 224, 225

ment, 326

tetanus toxin, 182, 183

stroke, 148

asthma treatment, 328

tetracaine, 208, 324

Strongyloides stercoralis,

bronchodilation, 126

tetracyclines, 266, 267,

292

common cold treatment,

276–279

strychnine, 182

324, 325

tetrahydrocannabinol, 240

subcutaneous injection,

direct, 84, 86

tetrahydrofolic acid (THF),

18, 19

indirect, 86, 88, 89

272, 298, 299

subliminal dosing, 52

intrinsic activity (IS), 94

tetrahydrozoline, 90, 326

sublingual drug adminis-

sinus bradycardia and,

thalidomide, 74

tration, 18, 19, 22

134

thallium salt poisoning,

succinylcholine, 186

structure-activity rela-

304

sucralfate, 168, 169

tionships, 86, 87

theophylline, 118, 126,

sulbactam, 270

synapse

127, 326, 328

sulfadoxine, 294, 295

adrenergic, 82

thermoregulation, 196,

cholinergic, 100

202–203

Index

385

thiamazole, 247

tolbutamide, 262

triiodothyronine, 244, 245

thiazide diuretics, 132,

tolonium chloride, 304,

trimeprazine, 330

162, 163, 312

305

trimethaphan, 108

thiazolidinediones,

Toluidine Blue, 304, 305

trimethoprim, 267, 272,

262–264

tonsillitis, 324

273

thio-TEPA, 298

topiramate, 191, 192

triptorelin, 242

thioamides, 246, 247

topoisomerase II, 274

troglitazone, 262–264

thiopental, 220

total intravenous anesthe-

trolnisetron, 330

thiourea derivatives, 246

sia (TIVA), 216

tropisetron, 116

thioureylenes, 246

toxicological investiga-

tuberculosis, 274, 276, 280

thioxanthenes, 236, 238

tions, 6

d-tubocurarine, 184, 185

thrombasthenia, 148

tracheitis, 324

tumours, see cancer; carci-

thrombin, 150

tramadol, 210

noma

thrombocytopenia, 72

trandolapril, 124

tyramine, 232

thromboses, 142, 148, 158

tranexamic acid, 16

L-tyrosine, 82

prophylaxis, 142–143,

transcytosis, 24, 26

tyrosine kinase activity, 64

146, 148–151

transdermal drug delivery

tyrothricin, 266, 267

thromboxane, 148, 150,

systems, 12, 13, 18, 19

196

estrogen preparations,

U

thymeretics, 230, 232

254

thymidine kinase, 286

transferrin, 140

ulcers, peptic, 104, 106,

thymoleptics, 230, 238

transmitter substances, 20

166–169

thyroid hormone recep-

cholinergic synapse, 100

ultralente, 258

tors, 64

sympathetic, 82

uricostatics, 316, 317

thyroid hormone therapy,

transpeptidase, 268

uricosurics, 316, 317

244–245

inhibition of, 268, 270

urine, drug elimination, 40

thyroid hyperfunction, 202

transport

urokinase, 146

thyroid peroxidase, 246

membrane permeation,

ursodeoxycholic acid

thyroid stimulating hor-

26, 27

(UDCA), 180

mone (TSH), 242, 243,

mucociliary, 14

244

transport proteins, 20

V

thyrotropin, 242

tranylcypromine, 88, 232

thyrotropin-releasing hor-

travel sickness, 106

vaccinations, 284

mone (TRH), 242

trials, clinical, 76

vaginal tablets, 12, 13

thyroxine, 244, 245, 246

triamcinolone, 248, 249

vagus nerve, 98

tiagabin, 190

triamterene, 164, 165

valacyclovir, 286

ticarcillin, 270

triazolam, 222, 223, 224,

valproate, 190, 192, 234

ticlopidine, 150

226

valproic acid, 191, 192

tight junctions, 22, 24

triazole derivatives, 282

van der Waals’ bonds, 58,

timed-release capsules, 10

Trichinella spiralis, 292,

59

timidazole, 274

293

vancomycin, 267, 268, 270

timolol, 94

trichlormethiazide, 162

vanillylmandelic acid, 82

tincture, 4

Trichomonas vaginalis,

varicosities, 82

tirofiban, 150

274, 275

vasculitis, 72

tissue plasminogen activa-

Trichuris trichiura, 292

vasoactive intestinal pep-

tor (t-PA), 146

tricyclic antidepressants,

tide (VIP), 242

tizanidine, 182

230–232

vasoconstriction, 84, 90

tobacco smoking, 112–113

trifluperazine, 236, 238,

nicotine and, 110

see also nicotine

239

serotonin actions, 116

tobramycin, 277, 278

triflupromazine, 236, 238,

vasoconstrictors, local an-

tocainide, 136

239

esthesia and, 206

tocolysis, 84, 127

triglycerides, 154–156,

vasodilation, 84

tocolytics, 126

248

local anesthesia and, 206

serotonin actions, 116

virustatic antimetabolites,

X

vasodilators, 118–123, 312

284–287

calcium antagonists,

vitamin A derivatives, 74

xanthine oxidase, 316, 317

122–123

vitamin B12, 138, 139

xanthinol nicotinate, 156

organic nitrates,

deficiency, 138

xenon, 218

120–121

vitamin D, 264

xylometazoline, 90

vasopressin, 148, 160, 164,

vitamin D hormone, 264,

165, 242

265

Z

nicotine and, 110

vitamin K, 144, 145

vecuronium, 184

VLDL particles, 154

zafirlukast, 328

vegetable fibers, 170

volume of distribution, 28,

zalcitabine, 288

verapamil, 122, 123, 136

44

zero-order kinetics, 44

angina treatment, 308

vomiting

zidovudine, 289

hypertension and, 312

drug-induced, 330

zinc insulin, 258

mania treatment, 234

pregnancy, 330, 331

Zollinger-Ellison syn-

ventricular rate modifi-

see also antiemetics;

drome, 168

cation, 134

motion sickness

zolpidem, 222

Vibrio cholerae, 178

Von-Willebrandt factor,

zonulae occludentes, 22,

vidarabine, 285, 386

148, 149

24, 206

vigabatrin, 190, 191

zopiclone, 222

vinblastine, 296

W

vincristine, 296

viomycin, 280

Wepfer, Johann Jakob, 3

viral infections, 178,

whipworm, 292

284–289

Wilson’s disease, 302

AIDS, 288–289

wound disinfection, 290,

common cold, 324–325

291