13. Explain the three tasks of science.

1) Description - compositional form that is used for literature scholars and lingu members detailed views of objects or phenomena in order to create an artistic image.This compositional form is divided into a description of the items, description of processes, description or description of experienced human Life and performance.

2) Explanation (in the methodology of science) - await procedure feasible at enriching and deepening the knowledge about the real world phenomena through the inclusion of these phenomena in the framework of certain bonds, relationships and dependencies, making it possible to reveal the essential In the simpler case, the subject of separate explanations are the empirible observable facts. In the case of the understanding of preceded by a description thereof. Forms and at all levels of its expression in the system of scientific knowledge. So, for example, the explanation may be subject to the laws of science, empirical and theoretical content theories lesser degree of generality may find its explanation in the theories of a more (2010) claimed that the process of focusing and defocusing is open to actual reformulation. Due to the process's functional position in the interface between the inner consciousness and outer world, it Lies in an area between clear and Rational discourse and inaccessible mental space. Thus think elaboration is the fourth indicator of imagination and is the ability of individuals to seek improvement by formalizing ideas.

Verification continually illustrated that children explore the world through play, and then satisfieditime through exaggerations of their intuitive impressions.

 Thomas (1999) contended that the process of which would allow one to explore, dare, and hit institutional order, and thus attacks limits. In addition, Folkmann (2010) claimed that imagination can be seen as a structure in consciousness that negotiates, exchanges, And explores between the known and unknown By the amount of presupposed knowledge. Exploration is so the next indicator of imagination and represents the ability of individuals to explore the unknown

3) PREDICTION

The accuracy, the will of happen and the basic principles associated with it. Accurate prediction is usually average as as the most rigorous test of scientific theory, Psychology, all of the predictions are presented in probabilistic form, although we must admit that it can be considered true for all sciences, the difference is that the degree of probability in some sciences is closer to 1, 0 than in others.

14. Expand the 5 points of view on the problem of the beginning of science. Explain your position on this issue.

1) Science has always existed

Science has been always since the dawn of human society, as scientific curiosity organically in man. Thus: the problem of "the beginning" of science, its occurrence has important methodological cause for the formation of theoretical approach to the definition of the nature of Science, its status, stages of development. In everyday language the word "science" is used in several ways and means:

- system of special knowledge;

-type of specialized activity;

- Social institute

Science in all three ways, has not always existing, experimentally-mathematical science did not appear anywhere as usual for us.

2) Science arises in the Ancient East (India, China)

These civilizations have given the world a lot of specific knowledge, but it was the knowledge necessary for practical life, for religious rituals, were had always an essential part of everyday life. Analysis of relevant knowledge of ancient eastern civilizations to the second criterion of scientific Character suggests that they were not peculiar to any solidity or theoreticity. All knowledge were a purely practical character. Same astrology arose not out of pure interest in the structure of the world and the movement of heavenly bodies, but because it was necessary to determine the Flood of the rivers, constitute the horoscope.

3) Science arises in Antiquity (Ancient Greece)

The emergence and development of science in ancient Greece occurred in the context of the entire culture. In other words, all science and scientific about grow on the basis of certain studies programs (paradigms). It is in Greece and there are the first research program , Published terms in the archaic era and was the appearance of private. The reason is that science

4) Science arises in modern times (17-18 с.)

In modern times, blooms "classical science". It covers the period of the development of science from the X-XX century. 20- ies of XX century., Ie, completion of the first global scientific till until the quantum-relativistic picture of the World of reason, the science of the XIX century. Quite different from the science of the XVIII century., Which alone can be considered a real classical science. However, since science XIX century. Continue to operate the epistemological premises of science XVIII century ,

5) Science arises in the first half of the 19th century

At the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. There was a new revolution in science, which within in the collapsed existing metaphysical ideas about the structure, properties, laws of matter (cargo views on how immutable, indivisible particles, the mechanical mass, space In the movement and its forms, etc.) and a new type of science - non-classical science. For non-classical type of rationality considering that the object of knowledge, and consequently, the knowledge of it, depends On the subject of drugs and procedures used by them.

  Verification is method of confirmation of the hypothesis or theory by its independent experimental verification, or determine whether it satisfies the empirically stated and accepted as theoretical

7) Knowledge of the Paranormal. (Among the paranormalception extrasensory perception is divided into telepathy and clairvoyance, and psychokinesis.