- •Content
- •List of symbols and abbreviations
- •Introduction
- •1 Analysis of the subject field
- •1.1 Structure of the enterprise
- •1.2 Enterprise Information System
- •1.3 Statement of the problem
- •2 Оptions for possible methods of accounting and controlling electric energy
- •2.1 Electronic programmable device for remote metering of electric energy of the type «ets-m»
- •2.2 Electronic Multifunctional Multimeter «sem-1»
- •2.3 Characteristics of amr
- •2.4 General requirements for the amr system
- •2.5 Review of existing amr
- •3 Creating a software module
- •3.1 Selecting the language and development environment
- •3.2 Protocol of data exchange with a counter
- •3.3 Structure of the program module for processing the data of electricity meters
- •3.4 Sequence of execution of the request of the electric power meter data processing module
- •3.5 Software Implementation
- •3.6 Cyclic redundant code (crc)
- •Conclusion
- •List of used sources
2.3 Characteristics of amr
The automated system of commercial electricity metering provides commercial accounting of electricity (capacity). Commercial accounting of electrical energy (power) - the process of measuring the amount of electrical energy and determining the amount of power, collecting, storing, processing, transmitting the results of these measurements and forming, including calculated way, data on the amount of electricity and power produced and consumed for purposes mutual settlements for supplied electric energy and capacity, as well as for services related to these supplies.
Energy accounting systems allow the calculation of electricity and heat consumption at residential, commercial and industrial facilities. Systems can take into account the consumption of energy resources at the level of the house, districts, city, settlement with a single dispatching and financial centers.
ASKUE includes:
- measuring current and voltage transformers;
- primary devices (electricity meters of various types from different manufacturers);
- device for data collection and transmission (USPD);
- database server, user workstations;
- advanced means of data collection and delivery - the system supports the collection of data on various communication systems.
Performed functions of AMR:
- electricity metering;
- a combination of control, accounting and management functions;
- construction of local and distributive hierarchical systems;
adaptation to any objects and schemes of energy saving;
- integration into the automated systems of the enterprise with the transfer of data to the enterprise information systems;
- Implementation of the familiar Windows environment;
- Implementation of a database on Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle Database, Firebird.
In the Republic of Belarus (according to TAP 308-2011) AMRMS is a system of technical and software tools for the automated collection, transmission, processing, display and documentation of the process of generation, transmission and (or) consumption of electric energy (power) over a given set of spatially distributed measurement points owned by the objects of the power supply organization or subscriber [9].
Features and benefits of AMR:
1 Multi-tariff calculation with suppliers, consumers of electricity based on accurate, reliable, legitimate and operational accounting data.
2 Increase the efficiency of energy consumption and energy savings through remote automation of energy accounting in real time.
3 Operative determination of the balance of electricity and capacity for the enterprise and its structures with the identification of losses.
4 Reducing the cost of processing information by the economic units of the enterprise by obtaining operational and reliable information on energy consumption in electronic form.
The system is built on the basis of separate functionally completed components and scales from small metering nodes to large energy facilities accounting systems. Consider the structure of ASKUE expediently, breaking it mentally into certain blocks. There will be three such blocks. This is the most common and most common layout that forms the basis of the system.
Unit No. 1 includes energy metering devices, which are an electronic or induction electric meter. They are installed at the consumer. If a new type of meter is installed (electronic), information is collected via the built-in special communication port. At the moment, most of the meters produced are equipped with an interface for inclusion in the AMR. If the counter of the old sample, that is, induction, then a reader is used and data transmission is already carried out directly from this sensor.
Block No. 2 performs the communication function. The indications collected with the help of the first unit from consumers must be transferred and reliably protected from unauthorized access. This function can be performed by installing the following communication lines:
a) mobile communication of various GPRS, 3G, or Wi-Fi standards;
b) telephone lines;
c) transfer via the Internet;
d) the totality of all methods, for the best operation of the system.
Block # 3 is a collection of modern specialized computer processing tools for the data. With its help, the meter readings will be collected, processed and analyzed. Technically, it consists of a server or computer with installed software that will allow you to optimally configure all parts of the system.