- •Section 2
- •Determiners, pre-determiners and pre-modifiers
- •2.1. Commentaries and explanations
- •2.1.4. Substitution and omission as basic mechanisms of discourse.
- •2.2. Assignments
- •2.2.1. A) Complete the sentences using all proper pre-determiners and determiners defined by the context (including “no articles”).
- •2.2.4. A) Complete the following utterances using hints. Make use of proper pre- and central determiners, pre-modifiers and prepositional groups.
- •2.2.5. Read and translate the following word groups into Russian distinguishing between the meanings of participles. .
- •2.2.6. Specify through participle modifiers. Use the given verbs as hints. In some examples both participles can be used; explain the difference in meaning.
- •2.2.7. Read the text and specify the meaning of be stuck by choosing the appropriate description:
- •2.2.8. Read and do tasks (a) - ( ) given below.
- •2.2.9. Specify nouns through other nouns.
- •2.2.10. Practice nouns in sequence using a dictionary if necessary:
- •2.2.11. Arrange the words modifying the marked noun into a string of pre-modifiers and make a sentence using it.
- •2.2.12. Make use of some compound modifiers according to the sample pattern.
- •2.2.13. Practice compound pre-modifiers answering the following questions and arranging a discussion.
- •2.2.14. Comment on the statements using adverbs “modifying modifiers”.
- •2.2.15. Practice substitution and omission as complementary speech mechanisms.
- •2.2.16. Analyze italicized substitutes and restore their reference. There are items marked which are not substitutes - specify them.
- •2.2.17. Analyze the following noun groups arranged according to types of pre-modifiers and give their Russian equivalents.
- •2.2.18. Read the text and discuss its basic ideas relying on analyzing the modifiers of 2.2.12 as well as the questions and vocabulary notes given below.
- •Text concordance
- •2.2.19. Practice vocabulary.
2.2.19. Practice vocabulary.
A) Review the meanings:
concern = feeling of worry : have/ express/ voice concern (about/ over / at)
cause concern / be a cause of concern
growing / widespread concern
a matter of concern
important environmental concerns
main / major concerns
raise concerns
= something
important: main/primary/ major concern
= responsibility: be one’s concern
(singular)
= care with concern
(singular) with genuine concern
= absence of be of no concern of somebody
responsibility or
need to become
involved
B) Complete the sentences choosing a proper equivalent:
1) The Net advertisers’ … is how to make users click through to them.
A. some concern B. concerns C. primary concern D. a cause of concern
2) There is … (1) that half of every ad budget is regularly wasted. That raises important … (2) among advertisers.
(1) A. some concern B. concerns C. main concern D. raised concerns
(2) A. environmental concerns B. domestic concerns C. political concerns D. commercial concerns
3) My … is to gain my degree by the end of the course.
A. cause of concern B. matter of concern C. concerns D. major concern
4) Cognitive science considering no mental states raises some important … about its status.
A. conceptual concerns B. growing concerns C. causing concerns D. primary concerns
5) The toxicity of various contaminants released into the environment is becoming … .
A. concerns B. causing concerns C. a matter of great concern D. a matter of some concern
6) The lawyers’ … is to protect the rights of law-abiding people in the first place.
A. a matter of great concern B major concern C. concerns D. a cause for concern
7) If you do not submit your paper in time, it is … .
A. your concern B. your adviser’s concern C. somebody else’s concern D. no concern of yours
8) One’s private life is … members of the public.
A. a matter of great concern B. a cause of concern C. no concern of D. no concern
9) My colleague looked sympathetic and listened with … .
A. a cause of concern B. genuine concern C. with primary concern D. a matter of great concern