Текст № 2

RF STATE SYSTEM

The Russian Federative Republic is set up by the Constitution of 1993. Under the Constitution Russia is a Presidential Republic. The federal government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. Each of them is checked and balanced by the President.

The legislative power is vested in the Federal Assembly. It consists of two chambers. The Upper Chamber is the Council of Federation. The Lower Chamber is the State Duma. Each Chamber is headed by the Speaker. Legislature may be initiated in either of the two Chambers. But to become a law a bill must be approved by both Chambers and signed by the President. The President may veto the bill.

The President is commander-in-chief of the armed forces; he makes treaties, enforces laws, and appoints ministers to be approved by the Federal Assembly.

The executive power belongs to the Government which is headed by the Prime Minister. The first action of the Prime Minister on appointment is to form the Cabinet.

The judicial branch is represented by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and regional courts.

The members of the Federal Assembly are elected by popular vote for a five-year period.

Today the state symbol of Russia is a three-coloured banner. It has three horizontal stripes: white, blue and red. It was the first state symbol that replaced the former symbols in 1991.

A new national emblem is a two-headed eagle. It is the most ancient symbol of Russia. It originates from the heraldic emblem of the Rurikovichies. All these symbols are official. They have been approved by the Federal Assembly.

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to set up (to be set up) a Presidential Republic government legislative branch executive branch judicial branch to check (to be checked) to balance (to be balanced) to vest (to be vested) the Federal Assembly the Council of Federation the State Duma the Speaker legislature a law a bill to approve (to be approved) to sign (to be signed) to veto commander-in-chief the armed forces to make treaties to enforce laws to appoint (to be appointed)

учреждать президентская республика правительство, управление законодательная ветвь исполнительная ветвь судебная ветвь контролировать уравновешивать, балансировать наделять, облекать Федеральное Собрание Совет Федерации Государственная Дума Спикер законодательная власть закон, право законопроект одобрить подписывать наложить вето верховный главнокомандующий вооружённые силы проводить переговоры проводить законы в жизнь назначать

the Prime Minister on appointment the Constitutional Court the Supreme Court to elect by popular vote (to be elected) a three-сoloured banner the former symbols a two-headed eagle ancient to originate the heraldic emblem of the Rurikovichies

премьер-министр при назначении Конституционный Суд Верховный Суд избирать всенародным голосованием трёхцветный флаг прежние символы двуглавый орёл древний происходить геральдическая эмблема Рюриковичей

1. answer the questions.

1. When is the Russian Federative Republic set up?

2. What branches does the federal government consist of?

3. How many chambers does the Federal Assembly consist of?

4. What is the Upper Chamber of the Federal Assembly?

5. The Lower Chamber of the Federal Assembly is the State Duma, isn’t?

6. Whom is each Chamber headed by?

7. How does a bill become a law?

8. Who may veto the bill?

9. What power belongs to the President under the Constitution?

10. What is the judicial branch represented by?

11. Are the members of the Federal Assembly elected by popular vote for a five or for a six-year period?

12. What is the state symbol of Russia today?

13. What is a new national emblem?

2. Agree or disagree with the statements.

use the formulas.

согласие		возражение
I am of the same opinion.	Я такого же мнения.	I am of another opinion.	Я другого мнения.
Yes, I think so.	Да, я так думаю.	No, I don’t think so.	Нет, я так не думаю.

1. The Russian Federative Republic is set up by the Constitution of 1995.

2. Under the Constitution Russia is a Presidential Republic.

3. The federal government consists of two branches: executive and judicial.

4. The Upper Chamber is the State Duma.

5. The Lower Chamber is the Council of Federation.

6. Each Chamber is headed by the Speaker.

7. The President may veto the bill.

8. The Prime Minister makes treaties, enforces laws and appoints ministers to be approved by the Federal Assembly.

9. The executive power belongs to the Supreme Court which is headed by the Prime Minister.

10. The judicial branch is represented by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and regional courts.

11. The members of the Federal Assembly are elected by popular vote for a six-year period.

12. Today the state symbol of Russia is a five-coloured banner.

13. A new national emblem is a two-headed eagle.

3. Retell the text.