Вариант № 2

Задание № 1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

physical evidence

The evidence that is presented during a trial usually plays a major role in the investigation. There are several types of evidence that can be used. One type, physical evidence, is something that is concrete, something that can generally be measured, photographed, analyzed, and, finally, can be brought into a courtroom for observation. Examples of physical evidence include a bloody shirt, the mold of a foot print, and a bullet casing, etc.

In many instances, police officers or investigating officers are the first to discover physical evidence. This is because such items are often obtained from crime scenes. There is no such thing as a perfect crime, a crime always leaves traces, if no traces are found it means there is only the inability to find the evidence.

The manner in which this type of evidence is collected and maintained is important because such items can be crucial in winning a case. If it is not obtained according to procedure or it is damaged, it may be deemed inadmissible or useless.

Physical evidence is of value only if it helps to prove a case or to clear a suspect. The most valuable evidence may be worthless if inefficiently handled.

When the investigating officer arrives at a crime scene it is nec­essary that he should first protect the scene and prevent anybody from touching any object.

The preliminary survey is to acquaint the investigating officer with the entire scene and its important details. After he has completed his preliminary survey the photographer may go to work. It is important that the investigator should accompany the photographer, pointing out various objects of possible evidential value. He should note possible lo­cation of latent prints (invisible prints), and guard against contamination of such objects and surfaces.

As evidence is found, it should be marked, carefully packaged, each article separately, and placed in some locality where it will not be destroyed or contaminated, until it is transported to a laboratory.

vocabulary

the evidence a trial the investigation physical evidence investigating officers a crime scene in winning a case according to procedure to prove a case to clear a suspect to protect the scene the preliminary survey possible lo­cation of latent prints (invisible prints) guard against contamination

доказательство, улика судебное разбирательство расследование вещественные доказательства следователи место преступления для доказательства согласно процедуре доказать обвинение оправдать подозреваемого охранять место преступления предварительное обследование возможное местонахождение скрытых отпечатков (невидимых отпечатков) охранять от возможного загрязнения

Задание № 2. Перепишите только верные утверждения по тексту “Physical Evidence”.

1. In many instances, police officers or investigating officers are the first to discover physical evidence.

2. There is no such thing as a perfect crime, a crime always leaves traces, if no traces are found it means there is only the inability to find the evidence.

3. Physical evidence is of value only if it helps to prove a case or to clear a suspect.

4. The manner in which this type of evidence is collected and maintained is of no importance.

5. When the investigating officer arrives at a crime scene it is nec­essary that he should first note possible lo­cation of latent prints (invisible prints).

Задание № 3. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с причастиями (Participle I, Participle II), обращая внимание на особенности их образования и перевода. Выпишите причастия. Определите их форму и функцию.

1. The witness was speaking in the court during 20 minutes.

2. All the articles found at the crime scene will help the investigation.

3. While staying in Moscow these foreign lawyers took part in the seminar in Criminal Law.

4. He was imprisoned for a serious crime having been committed.

5. This investigator is an expert knowing his work very well.

6. An arrested person will be brought to the police station.

Задание № 4. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с причастными оборотами, обратите внимание на особенности их образования и перевода. Определите причастные обороты в предложениях.

1. The FBI is considered created as the Bureau of Investigation to handle criminal investigations for the Department of Justice.

2. The US Congress consists of two chambers, each of them being elected by citizens of all states.

3. We saw a strange man entering the court-room.

4. The time permitting, the detective will find many witnesses.

Задание № 5. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения с герундием (Gerund), обратите внимание на особенности его образования и перевода. Определите форму и функцию герундия в предложениях.

1. The lawyer stopped speaking and started listening to the evidence of the suspect.

2. Cross-examining was held before a jury.

3. The criminal ran away without having left any traces.

4. Committing a suicide is not a way out.

5. At the lesson students learned of lawmaking process in the USA.

Задание № 6. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие условные придаточные предложения I, II и III типа. Обратите внимание на особенности их образования и перевода.

1. If they had not been barbarians, they would not have destroyed Roman Civilization.

2. If a person has a legal problem, he will go and see a solicitor.

3. If the question were less important, there would not be a discussion at the conference.

Задание № 7. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения, обращая внимание на соблюдение правила о согласовании времён.

1. We all understood that he had been arrested yesterday.

2. After the burglary had been reported to the police, the investigation was started.

3. The lecturer marked that all people were equal before the law.

4. The court gave a warrant of arrest to the main suspect, who had committed a murder.

Задание № 8. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык предложения, содержащие сослагательное наклонение, обращая внимание на особенности его образования и перевода.

1. It is essential that a juvenile officer be able to help the delinquent to understand his problems and correct his delinquent behavior.

2. The judge suggested that the accused be released for lack of probable cause for committing a crime.

3. The witness was safeguarded lest nobody make harm to him.

4. The students would have known their specialty better if they had had more practice.

5. I wish I could have more free time to study all the details of this case.