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  1. Make an outline of the text consisting of 5-8 sentences.

  2. Retell the text according to its outline. The court system of the usa

List of words

Read the words and learn them:

appellate court

аппеляционный суд

to coexist

сосуществовать

complex

сложный, составной

district court

окружной суд

exception

исключение

federal court

федеральный суд

identical

тождественный

individual

частное лицо

jurisdiction

юрисдикция

litigation

судебное разбирательство, тяжба

majority

большинство

to resolve

разрешать

state court

суд штата

to sue

преследовать судебным порядком

Supreme court

Верховный суд

tier

ярус,ряд

Ex.1. Complete the phrase by matching the words from A with its best association from B. Translate the phrases.

A

B

  1. to run

  1. cases

  1. to fall

  1. its own system

  1. to be sued

  1. in tiers

  1. to depend on

  1. in either system

  1. to be organized

  1. the case

  1. to review

  1. under jurisdiction

Ex. 2. Match the words with their definitions:

  1. Court

  1. The process of proceeding against someone in a court

  1. Litigation

  1. A system that is organized in different levels

  1. Jurisdiction

  1. The place where a trial is held

  1. Sue

  1. The power of a court to hear and decide a case

  1. Judge

  1. A formal request to a court or to someone in authority asking for a decision to be changed

  1. Appeal

  1. To take legal action against someone in a civil case

  1. Case

  1. A person with authority to hear and decide disputes brought before a court

  1. Pyramid

  1. A question or problem that will be dealt with by a law court

Ex.3. Match the words with their synonyms:

  1. Identical

  1. To settle

  1. Complex

  1. Level ( Layer)

  1. To resolve

  1. Similar

  1. Tier

  1. Apex

  1. Top

  1. To start

  1. Claim

  1. Complicated

  1. To begin

  1. An action

Ex. 4. Fill in the gaps with appropriate prepositions:

To be part…; … addition; coexist…; to fall… the jurisdiction; to sue… either system; depend… the case; to be resolved… the state court; … the bottom; … the middle; … the top; to take a case… a higher court; to be decided… lower courts; to be known… generalists.

Ex.5. Translate the following phrases into Russian and use them in the sentences of your own.

To be complex; to function as part of the system; to be identical; national government; federal courts; coexist; state courts; to fall under the jurisdiction; to sue; to depend on the case; the vast majority; to resolve the case; to be organized in tiers; at the bottom; the US district courts; to begin litigation, the US Supreme Court, to take a case to a higher court, to review cases, a wide array of cases.

Ex. 6. Render the following sentences into English:

  1. В Америке система судебных органов подразделяется на федеральную судебную систему и судебную систему штата.

  2. Верховный Суд может пересматривать решения суда штата.

  3. Частные лица подпадают под юрисдикцию двух разных судебных систем.

  4. Большинство дел разрешаются в судах штата.

  5. По своей структуре федеральные суды напоминают пирамиду, у основания которой находятся окружные суды.

  6. Аппелировать означает подать иск в высший суд.

  7. Верховный Суд является судом последней инстанции.

Ex.7. Read the text and translate it into Russian