Illustrative Situations

1. Peter's wife has a terrible headache. She hasn't any aspirin. Peter says: "I'll go and get you some".

Questions: What is wrong with Peter's wife? Why doesn't she take an aspirin? What does Peter say?

2. Susan is at a friend's house. The telephone is ringing and Susan's friend cannot answer it because she's busy with a baby upstairs. Susan says: "I'll go and answer it".

Questions: Where is Susan? Why can't Susan's friend answer the telephone? What does Susan say?

3. Paula (the language student) has a sports car. It has a flat tyre. The car is in front of school now and her friend David is looking at it. "I'll change it for you", he says.

Questions: What's wrong with Paula's car? Where is it? What is David doing? What does he say?

4. Brenda: Oh, darling, I feel terribly tired. George: Well, sit down. I'll do the washing up. Brenda: Oh, thank you, darling ... and I'm thirsty. George: All right, I'll make you a cup of tea.

5. Mary: Jill is leaving school tomorrow. John: I wonder what she will do then Mary: I think she'll try to find a job. John: That's not very likely.

6. Robert: I wonder if I shall get a rise next month. Mike: I don't expect so.

Robert: 1 suppose I shall soon know. Mike: All in good time.

7. Robert: Where can I find Peter?

Mike: You'll probably find him in the laboratory. Robert: Are you sure I'll find him there? Mike: Oh, yes. I'm quite positive about it. I saw him there just a moment ago.

Practice

/. Agree and promise to do things:

e.g. — Can you clean the windows?

— Sure, I'll clean them this afternoon.

— Do you promise?

— Yes, I promise. I'll clean them this afternoon.

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1. — Can you phone me later? — Sure, ... tonight.— Do you promise? — Yes, ... 2. — Can you repair the clock? — Okay, ... tomorrow. 3. — Please, don't tell anyone.— All right, ... . 4 — Please, don't hurt me.— Don't worry, ... . 5. — Can you photo-copy this book for me? — Sure, ... tomorrow. 6. — Can you type this article for me? — Sure, ... today

//. Answer the questions:

e.g. — What are you going to do tomorrow? (go to the country) — I'll probably go to the country.

1. Where is John going to spend his summer holidays? (go to the mountains) 2. What are you going to do? (phone him)

3. What are your plans for tomorrow morning? (go shopping)

4. What is your sister going to do tomorrow evening? (play basketball) 5. What is she going to do? (send a telegram) 6. Do you think they'll come on time? (be late) 7. What are you doing this weekend? (visit our friends)

///. Read the situations. Respond to these situations. Begin the sentences with I think I'll ... or I don't think I'll ...

e.g. It's cold. You decide to close the window. I think I'll close the window.

1. You feel tired. You decide to go to bed. I ... 2. A friend of yours offers you a lift in his car but you decide to walk. Thank you but ... 3. You arranged to play tennis. Now you decide you don't want to play... . 4. You were going to go swimming. Now you decide that you don't want to go. 5. You were going to buy a car. Now you decide that you don't want to. 6. A friend of yours invites you to the theatre but you decide to go to the library.

IV. Answer the questions. Use the prompts.

e.g. — When do you think he'll arrive? (expect/tonight)

— I expect he'll arrive tonight.

1. What do you think she'll say? (probably/nothing) 2. Where do you think she'll go? (expect/London). 3. When do you think she'll leave? (think/tomorrow). 4. How do you think she'll get there? (expect/by train). 5. When do you think she'll be back? (think/quite/soon) 6. Who do you think will win? (I'm sure/ Mike) 7. Where do you think he will stay? (probably/at his brother's)

V. Complete the sentences with I'll-}-prompt words.

e.g. — We haven't got any cigarettes.

— Oh, haven't we? ... get some. I'll go and get some.

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1. — It's a bit cold in this room.— Is it? ... the heating then. 2 — I'm too tired to walk home.— I think ... a taxi. 3. — It's too late to telephone Tom now.—... in the morning. 4. — Would you like tea or coffee? — ... coffee, please. 5. — I feel a bit hungry. I think ... something to eat. 6. — Did you write that letter to Jack? — Oh, I forgot. Thanks for reminding me. ... in the evening.

VI. Make up short dialogues using the prompts.

e.g. — I wonder if Harry will buy that car.

— I expect (think) so.

1. Danald/get a rise; 2. Betty/pass her exam; 3. Roger/repair the radio-set, 4. Alice/come; 5. Roger and Susan/get married; 7. Jack/ go to the seaside; 8. Mike/tell his parents about it; 9. Helen/stay at her relatives'; 10. Jane/take part in the expedition; 11. Helen/invite Peter, e.g. — I wonder (I'd like to know) when Mary will come.

— I've no idea about it.

1. Robert/buy the tickets; 2. Lucy/write to us; 3. Roger and Alice/get married; 4. Mike/tell Jane about it; 5. they/finish the work; 6. they/start the experiment; 7. Helen/be back

VII. Ask the speaker to repeat what he has just said:

e.g. — I'll see Alec on Tuesday.

— Pardon? When will you see him?

— On Tuesday.

1. Alice will be away for a month, (how long) 2. I'll be back in half an hour, (when) 3. We'll invite twenty people to the party, (how many) 4. I'll be in Rome next week, (where) 5. I'll have my French classes three times a week, (how often) 6. The professor will give two lectures, (how many) 7. Victor won't come because he is busy, (why) 8. Mike will book the tickets, (who) 9. She will study art. (what) 10. They'll pay him 3000 dollars, (how much) 11. I'll be at the library at 4. (where) 12. I'll marry John Smith, (who)

VII/. Ask questions. Use the prompts:

e.g. — I'm leaving, (you/be back/soon)

— You'll be back soon, won't you?

— I think I shall (will).

1. Robert is in Minsk on business, (he/call on you) 2. The documents are ready, (you/send them/yourself) 3. I am thirsty, (you/have some lemonade) 4. The boss is out. (you/wait for him) 5. Jane is going to celebrate her birthday, (she/be/twenty) e.g. — The station is not far from here, (you/not/take a taxi)

— You won't take a taxi, will you?

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— I don't think I shall.

1. We've got some time left, /we/not/be late) 2. Jack is very busy right now. (he/not/come to the party) 3. Mike has a cold, (he/ not/take part in the picnic) 4. I usually see James on Friday, (you/not see/him/tomorrow) 5. We usually spend our holidays at the seaside, (you/not/go to the seaside/this summer)

IX. Express solidarity: e.g. — I shan't come to the meeting. And you?

— Neither shall (will) I.

— We shall go abroad for our holidays. And your parents?

— So will my parents.

1. We shall travel by train. And you? 2. I'll be thirty soon. And Victor? 3. We won't stay in town in summer. And you? 4. I'll take a taxi. And you? 5. Jane won't go to the sea this year. And Mary? 6. I'll go fishing tomorrow morning. And your father? 7. I shan't speak at the meeting. And you? 8. Betty won't be present. And Susan? 9. Jane will come. And her sister?

Fluency Good-bye and Good Luck

Our neighbour, Captain Charles Alison, will sail from Ports­mouth tomorrow. We shall meet him at the harbour early in the morning. He will be in his small boat Topsail. Topsail is a famous little boat. It has sailed across the Atlantic many times. Captain Alison will set out af eight o'clock, so we shall have plenty of time. We shall ₄see his boat and then we shall say good­bye to him. He will be away for two weeks. We are very proud of him. He will take part in an important race across the Atlantic.

/. Listen to the text "Good Bye and Good Luck" and ask: where Captain Alison will sail from; who will meet him at the harbour;.in what boat Captain Charles Alison will sail across the Atlantic; what time Captain Alison will set out; whether the captain's friends will see him off; how long the Captain will be away; why the captain's friends are proud of him.

//. Speak on the captain's future voyage across the Atlantic.

III. Say what you will do during your holidays. Going to the Theatre

Brenda: I hope it won't be too hot in the theatre. George: No, I don't think it will be.

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Brenda: We won't be too late, will we?

George: No, we won't. We'll be on time.

Brenda: I hope we'll have good seats. Do you know what kind of

seats we'll have? George: We'll have the best seats, of course.

/. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions:

Where are Brenda and George going tonight? Why is Brenda a little worried? What does she ask George?

//. Listen to the conversation again. Fill in the missing parts of the conversation:

Brenda: I hope ... in the theatre.

George: No, I don't think... .

Brenda: We ... too late, ...?

George: No, ... . We ... on time.

Brenda: I hope ... good seats.

Do you know ...?

George: ..., of course.

///. Act out the conversation.

IV. You and your wife (friend) are going to spend your holi­days at the seaside. Your wife (friend) is a little worried about the weather, the hotel, the food, etc.

Monday Morning

David: What's the matter?

Sue: Oh, I don't know.

David: Oh, come on ... it's something. What is it?

Sue: It's just life ... it's so boring.

David: Oh, it's not so bad ... you've got Daniel!

Sue: But he's only a baby! It's all right for you. You'll leave the house in five minutes. I'll be here all day. When'll you come home? You won't come home till seven!

David: One of us must go to work, dear.

Sue: Yes, but your day'Il be interesting. My day'll be the same as every day.

David: My work isn't always interesting.

Sue: I know, but you travel around, you meet different people and you do different things. Who'll I meet today? What'll I do? Eh? I'll wash up, feed the baby, do the washing, clean the house, bath the baby, take the dog for a walk ...

David: But ... but ... dear.

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Sue: Then I'll go to the supermarket, prepare dinner, meet you

at the station, have dinner, wash up again ... David: But ... but ... dear.

Sue: Then I'll feed the baby again, put the baby to bed ... What a life! Today, tomorrow, this week, next week, this month, next month, next year ... for ever!

David: It's just Monday, dear ... you'll be О. К. later. Sue: Will I?

/. Listen to the conversation "Monday Morning" and say why Sue thinks her life is boring.

II. This is David's work schedule for Monday. Say what he will do:

David's Monday

David Shaw, television interviewer

8.30 catch "the train

9.30 arrive at the television studio

10.00 interview Miss World

12.00 have lunch with a film producer

15.00 meet Paul McCartney at London Airport

16.00 have cocktails at the new discotheque

17.00 catch the train

19.00 go to the pub

19.30 have dinner

20.30 watch television

/// Imagine you are David, a) Speak on your work and your usual working day; b) Say what you did yesterday.

IV. This is Sue's day on Monday. What will she do? Sue's Monday

Sue Shaw, housewife 9.00 wash up 10.00 feed the baby 10 30 do the washing 12.00 clean the house 13.00 take the dog for a walk 14.30 go to the supermarket 16.00 prepare dinner 15.30 meet David at the station 19.30 have dinner 22.00 go to bed

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V. Imagine you are Sue a) Speak on your daily routine; b) Say what you did yesterday.

VI. Say what you will do after your English class today.

VII. Say what you will do tomorrow (on Sunday).

Simple Future and Present Tenses with a Future Meaning Compared

Simple Future is used

a) to make predictions about the future:

This time next year I'll be in Japan. I think Tom will get the job.

b) to make statements of fact about the future: Steve will be thirty next birthday

c) to make a decision at the moment of speaking:

— Does Peter know about the picnic?

— I'll tell him tonight.

d) to make a promise or offer: I'll post those letters for you.

Present Continuous (I am doing) is used a) to talk about arrangements, plans for the near future: "Going to" is also possible but "I am doing" is more natural: I'm playing tennis this afternoon, (or I'm going to play tennis

this afternoon)

What time are you meeting Ann? (or What time are you going to

meet Ann?)

"Going to" is used

a) to talk about planned decisions, intentions and arrange­ments:

I'm going to ask for a rise next month.

Compare the use of Simple Future and "Going to" in the follo­wing situation: Helen (to her Father): My bicycle has a flat tyre. Can you repair it

for me? Father: Okay, but I can't now. I'll repair it tomorrow.

We use "will" when we decide to do something at the moment of speaking.

Later Helen's mother speaks to her husband. Mother: Can you repair Helen's bicycle? It has a flat tyre. Father: Yes, I know. She told me. I'm going to repair it tomorrow.

We use "going to" when we have already decided to do some­thing.

b) to make predictions about the immediate future when there is some evidence to show what is going to happen:

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Look at those black clouds. It's going to rain in a minute.

Simple Present (I do) is used to talk about timetables, program­mes, etc.

The football match starts at 8 o'clock.

What time does the film begin?

But we do not normally use the Simple Present for personal arrangements.

Practice

/. Make sentences with these situations:

Situation: Margaret has a new job. Her first day in it will be next Monday.

Margaret is starting her new job next Monday. 1. Tom sees his mother every Sunday. It is Sunday tomorrow. 2. Jill and Bert have a date this evening. Trafalgar Square is their meeting place. 3. Mrs Lee has an appointment with the doctor tomorrow. 4. Mr Hanson has a ticket in his pocket for this evening's plane to Moscow. 5. Tony and his wife eat out every Friday. It is Friday tomorrow. 6. You rang up your friend and arranged to see a film this evening after work. 7. Tony and Susan always play tennis on Saturday. It is Saturday tomorrow. 8. Your friend's wedding is tomorrow. You've got an invitation to the wed­ding. 9. On Tuesday Steve always has lunch with Dr Walker. It is Tuesday tomorrow.

//. Say what the people in these situations are going to do. Situation: Charles is alone this evening. He likes boxing ma­tches and there is one on television at 8. It is 7.30 now. Charles is going to watch a boxing match on television. 1. Peter is sitting in the train. He is taking a newspaper out of his briefcase. 2. The telephone in the sitting-room is ringing. Mary is coming down the stairs. 3. There are clouds in the sky and they are getting darker and darker. 4. The train is still standing at the platform but all the passengers are inside now. 5. The Browns usually have dinner at. 7. It's 6.50. Mrs Brown is laying the table. 6. The pianist is walking into the concert-platform. The audience is waiting.

///. Complete these sentences, using "going to" or "not go­ing to": e.g. I watched Panorama last week, but... (not/next week)

I watched Panorama last week, but I'm not going to watch it

next week. 1. Julia caught the 7.45 train yesterday, but... (not/tomorrow).

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2. I didn't see the film last month, but ... (next month). 3. She bought some meat in that shop last Monday, but ... (next time). 4. I didn't travel by air the last time, but... (next time). 5 We stayed at home last night, but. . (not/tonight). 6. I spent £20 on Christmas presents last year, but . . (not/so much this year). 7. I visited Bill in hospi­tal this morning, but ... (not/again today) 8. I didn't pay the bill when it came, but ... (very soon). 9. We didn't plan our holidays last summer, but ... (this summer).

IV. In pairs, practise the following dialogue several times, choosing different words and phrases each time:

A: What are you going to do tomorrow? B: We're going to spend the day

in the country; in the mountains; by the lake; on the coast A: Well, they say it's going to

rain; be cold; freeze; snow; be lovely and sunny. B: In that case I'll take my

skis; swimming things; skates; thick jacket; raincoat.

V. A friend of yours is planning to go on holiday very soon. You ask him about his plans. Use the words in brackets to make, your questions.

e.g. (where/go) Where are you going?

1. (how long/stay?) 2. (when/leave?) 3. (go/alone?) 4. (go/ by car?) 5. (where/stay?)

VI. Ann is going on holiday. Tell about her holiday plans. Use the words in brackets.

^e-g- (go/Scotland) She is going to Scotland.

1. (leave/next Friday). She ... 2. (stay/in Scotland for two weeks) 3. (go/with a friend of hers) 4. (stay/in a hotel). They... 5. (go/by train)

VII. Find out:

what your friends are going to do this weekend; what your teacher is going to do immediately after this lesson; if anyone is going to spend the holidays at the seaside; the weather forecast for tomorrow (if it is going to be warm and sunny or wet)

VIII. Match the words and phrases in the two columns below to talk about your plans lor the coming weekend.

e.g. I'm going to write some letters.

1. write my room

2. phone some letters

3. do my bike

4. repair a cake

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5. buy my girl/boyfriend

6. take back last week's homework

7. tidy a new pair of jeans

8. make my library books

IX. Now add some plans of your own.

X. Exchange the lists above with your partner. Imagine that it is now Monday morning. Admit that you forgot to do each acti­vity and decide when you intend to do it using "will".

e.g. A: Did you write any letters?

B: No, I forgot but I'll write some tomorrow morning/af­ternoon/evening.

Fluency A Long Lunch Hour

Steve: I'm going to lunch in a few minutes.

Barbara: Oh, are you? You're going early today. It's only 11.30. What time are you coming back?

Steve: Well, I'm meeting Jill in town. We're doing some shop­ping together, but er ... please, don't tell Mr. Short!

Barbara: Of course not. What are you doing this afternoon? Aren't you discussing the new series today?

Steve: Yes, we are, but not until 3. Harry's coming to the mee­ting, too. I'm going now. Don't work too hard.

Barbara: Enjoy your lunch, don't eat too much. Don't spend too much money and don't come back late to the meeting.

/. Listen to the conversation and say why Steve is going to lunch early today.

II. Listen to the conversation again and reproduce the phrases with the Present Continuous expressing a future action.

III. Act out the conversation.

IV. Here is Steve's diary:

Monday Liverpool

Tuesday 10.00 interview John Miller (Heathrow Airport)

12.00 see bank manager

Wednesday 2.00 Birmingham

Thursday 9.00 visit Ministry of Transport

2.00 interview Robert Brewster from National

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Union of Teachers Friday 10.( • atter New Art Exl .bition

12.30 meet Dr Parker for lunch at Grand Hotel 13.30 see dentist

This is part of a conversation between Steve and his wife Jill. Complete the conversation. Jill: Look, Steve. Here's an interesting advertisement for a flat

in Netting Hill Gate. Let's go and see it. What are you

doing next week? Steve: Oh, I've got a very full week, Jill. On Monday I'm ...

V. Your friend Tom wants you to visit him. Look at your diary for the next few days and explain to him why you can't come.

Monday Friday

volley-ball, 7 p. m. football match, 5 p.m.

Tuesday Saturday

repair car cinema, 6 p. m.

Wednesday Sunday

theatre, 6 p. m. visit parents

Thursday meet Judy, 6 p. m.

Tom: Can you come on Monday evening?

You: Sorry, I'd love to but I'm playing volley-ball.

Tom: What about Tuesday evening then?

You: I can't I'm afraid. I ...

Tom: What are you doing on Wednesday evening?

You: ...

Tom: Well, are you free on Thursday evening?

You: I'm afraid not. ... etc.

Happy New Year

It's December thirty-first, New Year's Eve. Bob and Sally Simpson are celebrating the holiday with their children, Lucy and Tom.

The Simpsons are a very happy family this New Year's Eve. Next year is going to be a very good year for the entire family.

Next year Bob and Sally are going to take a long vacation. They're going to visit Sally's cousin in California. Lucy is going to finish school. She's going to move to Boston and begin college.

Tom is going to get his driver's licence. He's going to save a lot of money and buy a used car.

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As you can see, the Simpsons are really looking forward to next year It's going to be a happy year for all of them. /. Listen to the text and answer the questions: What holiday are the Simpsons celebrating? What are the Simpsons going to do next year?

//. Say why the New Year is going to be a very good year for the entire family.

III. Here is Bob Simpson's diary for next week.

Monday present for Tom

Tuesday table tennis with Harry

Wednesday car to the garage for service

Thursday tickets for "Oliver"

Friday birthday card to uncle Jim

Saturday football match on television

Sunday jazz concert on the radio"

What is Bob going to do next week?

IV. What are you going to do

a) tomorrow? b) on Sunday? c) next week? d) next month?

Would you Like a Cup of Coffee?

Two years ago, before he married Susan, Tom taught English in Paris. He taught at an institute for adult students. One evening he went to another institute to give some oral examinations. Tom: You speak English very well. I'm going to give you a very good mark. Don't worry.

Student

(Girl): Thank you very much.

Tom: Not at all. Oh, when you go out please tell the next stu­dent to come in. Student: Certainly. Good bye. (Goes out, closing the door. Short

pause. Another person comes in). Woman: Excuse me. Are you Mr. Atkins?

Tom: Yes. You don't know me, of course. I don't teach here. I just give oral examinations here now and then. Don't be nervous.

Woman: Nervous? Who? Me?

Tom: Now, sit down please. I'm going to ask you a few questi­ons. Then we're going to have a short conversation in English. Do you understand? Woman: Yes, of course I do. But may I ask you something first?

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Tom: After the examination, please. Just concentrate on my questions for the moment First of all, why are you lear­ning English?

Woman- Why am I learning English? Tom: Yes, I mean, what are you going to do with it³ Are you

going to be a teacher of English, or what?

Woman: Please stop just a second. 1 really must ask you some­thing first.

Tom: (irritated) Very well. If you insist. Woman: Would you like a cup of coffee? Tom: Pardon? What did you say?

Woman: You see, I'm English, too. I'm one of the teachers here. I came to ask you if you would like a cup of coffee.

/. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: Why did Tom go to the institute that evening? Who did he think the woman was? Who was the woman really? Why did she come in?

//. Read the conversation.

III. Without looking at the conversation, try to remember what Tom and the woman said with these words:

Tom: a very good mark, worry, a few questions. Then/a short conversation. First why/English? do with it? a teacher of English?

Woman: Stop, something first, teacher here, come/coffee.

IV. Act out the conversation.

Jeff and Mary are Going to Spain

Jeff has a ten-day vacation during June. He and Mary are going to go to Spain. The children will stay with Mary's mother. Jeff and Mary don't have much time, so they'll fly.

They are going to leave Boston on a Wednesday night. It's cheaper to fly at night. They'll arrive in Spain early the next mor­ning. They are going to be very tired, so they'll go to the hotel and

sleep.

That afternoon Jeff is going to see a bullfight. Mary isn't going to. She doesn't like bullfights. She's going to go shopping. She'll look at a lot of different things — hats, jackets, shoes. But she isn't going to buy many things. She's going to get a leather bag.

That evening Jeff and Mary are going to eat in a Spanish restau­rant. There are many tourist restaurants, but they want to have good Spanish food. They are going to have seafood and wine.

Friday morning they'll leave for another city. They're going

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to rent a car. They'll stop in many small cities. Saturday they are going to see a castle. Sunday they'll visit Mary's brother, Carlos. He is living and working in Spam.

The next week they aren't sure what they are going to do. It'll be warm, so they'll go swimming. And they'll have the car, so they're going to drive a lot. They'll miss their children. After ten days they'll be happy to go home.

/. Listen to the text and answer the questions: Where are Jeff and Mary going to spend their vacation? How --will Jeff and Mary get to Spain? How long will they stay there? //. Listen to the text again and ask more detailed questions on the text.

HI Imagine you are Mary. Tell your friends about the plans for your vacation.

Self check

/. Decide which form of the verb is correct (or more natural) in these situations:

1. I will go/am going to a party tomorrow night. Would you like to come, too? 2. According to the weather forecast it will rain/is raining tomorrow. 3. I'm sure Tom will get/is getting the job. He has a lot of experience. 4. I can't meet you this evening. A friend of mine will come/is coming to see me. 5. — Have you de­cided where to go for your holiday yet? — Yes, we will/are going to Italy. 6. Don't worry about the dog. It won't hurt/isn't hurting you. 7. — Did you phone Ann? — Oh, no, I forgot. I am doing/I'll do it now.

//. Put the verb into the most suitable form:

a) use "will" or "going to"

1. — Why are you filling that bucket with water? — I (wash) the floor. 2. — Oh, I haven't got any money to buy the books.— Don't worry — that's no problem. I (lend) you some. 3. — What (you/do) after supper? — Watch television. Why? 4. — Have a good time in Italy! — Thanks. I (send) you a postcard. 5. — Why are you turning on television? — I (watch) the news. 6. — Did you post that letter for me? — Oh, I'm sorry. I completely forgot. I (do) it now. 7. — We need some bread for lunch.— Oh, do we? 1 (go) to the shop and get some. 8. — The ceiling in this room doesn't look very safe, does it? — No, it looks as if it (fall) down. 9. — 1 don't know how to use this camera.— It's quite easy! I (show) you. 10. — What would you like to drink — tea or cof--

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fee? — I (have) tea, please. 11. — Phew! It's hot in here.— Yes, isn't it? I (turn on) the air conditioning. 12. — Has George decided on what to do when he leaves school? — Oh, yes. Everything is planned. He (have) a holiday for a few weeks and then he (start) a computer programming course. 13. — Where are you going? — Are you going shopping? — Yes, I (buy) something for dinner.

14. I decided to re-paint this room.— What colour (you, paint) it?

15. — I'm going to a party tomorrow.— What (you, wear)?

16. — When (you/type) my article? — I (do) it tomorrow if I have time.

b) use the "going to" future or the present continuous

1. I don't know what I (do) with my computer. Perhaps you'd like it? 2. The plane (leave) at 6 o'clock. 3. I know you (like) our new geography teacher. 4. Come on! We (be) late. 5. Sue and Alan (get) married on Saturday. 6. Take a warm coat. It's very cloudy. I think it (snow) 7. I (take) my driving test on Wednesday. 8. My parents (arrive) by the 11.50 train. 9. I feel terrible. I think I (be) sick. 10. The new supermarket (open) on 5th May.

c) use Present Continuous (I am doing) or Simple Present (I do)

1. We (go) to the theatre this evening. 2. We (have) a party on Saturday. Would you like to come? 3. ... the film (begin) at 3.30 or 4 30? 4. I (go, not) away for my holiday next month be­cause I haven't got enough money. ... (you/go) away)? 5. The con­cert this evening (start) at 7.30. 6. George, is it true that you (get) married next week? 7. The art exhibition (open) on 3rd May and (finish) on 15th July. 8. What time (the next train/leave)? 9. Ann, we (go) to town. ... (you/come) with us?

//. Translate into English:

1. — Сколько времени у тебя уйдет на то, чтобы закончить эту работу? — Я думаю, что закончу ее через неделю. 2. — Где ты собираешься отдыхать этим летом? — Я хочу поехать на юг. 3. — Что ты делаешь сегодня вечером? — Я иду в театр. 4. Ин­тересно, придет ли Джейн на вечер.— Не думаю. Сегодня ве­чером приезжает ее мать, она идет на вокзал встречать ее. 5. — Ты принесла словарь? — Нет, я совершенно забыла. Я при­несу его завтра. 6. Роберт не будет присутствовать на собрании. Он уезжает в Москву. Он пробудет там целый месяц. 7. Пото­ропись. Поезд отправляется через полчаса. 8. Не беспокойтесь о дочери. Я за ней присмотрю. 9. — Когда ты сдаешь последний экзамен? — В пятницу.

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UNIT 19 TOPIC: SEASONS AND WEATHER

GRAMMAR: REVIEW OF TENSES

PART A

TEXT. THE ENGLISH ABOUT THE ENGLISH WEATHER

The English weather on the whole is not exceptionally good. It's very damp, we have a lot of rain. Our weather is very change­able: a fine morning may change into a wet afternoon and evening. Conversely, a miserable morning may give place to a glorious

afternoon.

The English summer is usually disappointing. We expect during winter to have two or three months of extremely good weather, sunshine and hot weather, hot enough to bathe, to go to the sea. But summer months are often cool, there is always plenty of rain. Planning summer holidays is not easy because you can never depend on the weather. One year June may be hot and sunny and July and August rainy, another year it might be the other way ro­und. So many people who look forward to the summer holidays, if they can afford it, go abroad for their holidays, though there are so many lovely beaches on the English coast.

The English winter is not cold. The temperature seldom falls below 3—4 degrees. The usual temperature is about zero. The air is frequently damp and foggy. It often rains and it seldom snows. The snow melts very quickly.

Autumn is the season of foggy, windy days. A spell of sunny weather in October is called an Indian Summer.

Spring is a warm and beautiful season. Spring flowers start to bloom from February. The weather in spring however, is change­able, and even if the sky is blue without a single cloud in the mor­ning there is no guarantee that it may not rain within a short time. It is always wise to take a mac or an umbrella.

No conversation ever starts in England without a comment on the weather It is almost a formality like shaking hands. "How do you do?", "Nice day today, isn't it?", "Isn't it hot today?", "Isn't it a beastly day?", "Shocking weather, isn't it?" — these remarks are often used when speaking about the weather.

Comprehension

/. Listen to the text "The English about the English weather", and say whether England has a pleasant climate.

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//. Listen to the text again and say whether the statement is true to the text. Give additional information to prove your answer.

1. The English weather is very changeable. 2. The English summer is usually fine. 3. It is usually cold in winter. 4. Spring is a very pleasant season. 5. The weather in autumn isn't very plea­sant as a rule. 6. The English like to speak about the weather.

///. Read the text and analyse the language peculiarities of the text. Do some exercises in the next section to remember them.

Special Difficulties

/. Make up dialogues using the prompts. Observe the use of the verbs "rain" and "snow".

e.g. — Does it sometimes snow/rain in Belarus at this time of the year?

— Yes, quite often, I must say. (England, Siberia, the Ukra­ine, Poland)

e.g. — It often rains /snows here in November, doesn't it?

— Not very often, in fact. (September, December, October; May, July)

//. Use the correct forms of the verbs "rain" and "snow": 1. It ... again today. It ... almost every day. 2. We didn't go to the country on the weekend because it... all day long. 3.... it... when you left home? — Yes, it... heavily. 4. — When ... it last... ? — Two weeks ago. 5. Take an umbrella. It ... . 6. It often ... last winter, ... it? 7. ... it still ... ? — Yes, it is. 8. ... it... on Monday morning? — No, it ... . 9. It often ... here at this time of the year, ... ?

///. Answer the questions:

What do you think the weather will be like tomorrow? on Sun­day? in June? in July? in autumn? next week? e.g. I think it'll be hot next week.

Prompts: cool, sunny, rainy, warm, lovely, fine, damp, foggy, windy, cold, wet.

IV. Respond expressing uncertainty. Use the modal verb"may":

e.g. — What will the weather be like this Sunday? (hot)

— It may be hot.

1. What will the weather be like tomorrow? (sunny) 2. What will the weather be like next week? (fine) 3. What will the weather be like in summer? (rainy) 4. What will the weather be like in July? (warm). 5. What will the weather be like in September? (wet). 6. What will the weather be like in winter? (cold)

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V. Translate into English (self check):

1. Возможно, что завтра будет дождь. Пожалуй. Дождь идет каждый день. Октябрь всегда здесь очень сырой. 2. Вчера шел сильный дождь и было очень холодно. 3. В прошлом месяце часто шел снег, а в этом месяце часто идут дожди. 4. Обычно в июле здесь тепло, но нынешний июль прохладный. 5. — Когда в последний раз шел снег? — В пятницу. 6. Я с нетерпением жду лета. Я и моя сестра едем на юг. 7. Вчера шел снег? — Да, но он быстро растаял. 8. На небе ни облачка. Думаю, что дождя сегодня не будет.

Text Exercises

/. Ask and answer questions on the text

II. Speak on: a) the English weather on the whole; b) the English summer (winter, spring, autumn)

///. Imagine you've just come from England. Your friends want to know about the English weather. They are asking you questions.

IV. Speak on the English weather.

V. Answer the questions:

What was the weather like yesterday? What is the weather like today? What do you think the weather will be like tomorrow? Do you like the climate in Belarus (the place you live in) or not? Why?

PART В

Conversation Practice The English Weather

Hans: Where do you come from?

Jim: I come from England.

Hans: What's the climate like in your country?

Jim: It's mild, but it's not always pleasant. The weather's often

cold in the North and windy in the East. It's often wet in the

West and sometimes warm in the South. Hans: Which seasons do you like best? Jim: I like spring and summer. The days are long and the

nights are short. The sun rises early and sets late. I don't

like autumn and winter. The days are short and the nights

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are long. The sun rises late and sets early. Our climate is not very good, but it's certainly interesting. It's our favourite subject of conversation.

/. Listen to the conversation "The English Weather" and answer the questions:

Where does Jim come from? What does he tell Hans about the climate in England? Which seasons does he like? Why? Why doesn't he like autumn and winter?

//. Act out the conversation. III. Answer the questions:

Where do you come from? What is the climate like in ... ? Which seasons do you like best? Do you like winter? autumn? spring? summer? Why?

What's the Climate Like in your Country?

Jim: Where do you come from?

Dimitn: I come from Greece.

Jim: What's the climate like in your country?

Dimitri: It's very pleasant.

Jim: What's the weather like in spring?

Dimitn: It's often windy in March. It is always warm in April

and May, but it rains sometimes. Jim: What's it like in summer? Dimitri: It's always hot in June, July and August. The sun shines

every day.

Jim: Is it cold or warm in autumn? Dimitri: It's always warm in September and October. It's often

cold in November and it rains sometimes. Jim: Is it very cold in winter? Dimitri: It's often cold in December, January and February. It

snows sometimes.

/. Listen to the conversation "What's the Climate Like in your Country?", ask and answer questions.

II. Speak on the climate in Greece.

III. Situation: One of you is Jim. You are from England. The other is Dimitri. You are from Greece. At the moment you are speaking about the climate in your countries.

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The Weather Forecast

Paul and Judy live in Birmingham. It's a large city in the Mid­lands. They're planning a weekend holiday. Paul: I know, Judy! Why don't we go to Scotland? Judy: It's a very long way Paul: Oh, it isn't too far. Anyway, the motorway's very good,

so we can get there quickly. Judy: But Scotland's often cold at this time of the year. It may

snow!

Paul: Well, yes ... it may ... but I don't think it will. Judy: I'm not sure. It is February, and I'm frightened of driving in snow. And we may not be able to find a hotel. They may be closed.

Paul: Oh, that's no problem. I can book a hotel by phone. Judy: Well, perhaps it's not a bad idea. We may have beautiful

weather.

Paul: Oh, we'll enjoy ourselves anyway. Let's watch the weather forecast on television. We may not go to Scotland, we may go to Wales or London. We can decide after the forecast.

Good evening, and here is the weather forecast for tomorrow. Northern Scotland will be cold, and there may be snow over high ground. In the north of England it will be a wet day and rain may move into Wales and the Midlands during the afternoon. East Anglia will be generally dry, but it will be dull and cloudy. In southern England it will be a bright clear day with sunshine, but it may rain during the evening. In the south west it may be foggy during the morning, but the afternoon will be clear. It may be windy later in the day.

/. Listen to the text "The Weather Forecast" and answer the questions:

What are Paul and Judy planning? Is the weather forecast for tomorrow good?

//. Read the text and analyse its language peculiarities. Observe the use of the modal verb "may".

III. Find in the text appropriate English phrases for the fol­lowing:

Почему бы нам не поехать в Шотландию? Возможно, пой­дет снег. Не думаю. Возможно, мы не сможем найти гостиницу.

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Это не проблема. Я могу заказать гостиницу по телефону. Это очень далеко. В Шотландии часто холодно в это время года. Я не уверена. Я боюсь ехать во время снегопада. Возможно, это и неплохая идея. Давай посмотрим прогноз погоды по телеви­зору. Возможно, мы и не поедем в Шотландию.

На севере Англии будет сырой день. В южной Англии будет яркий светлый день и солнечно, но вечером возможен дождь. В северной Шотландии будет холодно, возможен снег на возвышенности. В восточной Англии будет преимущественно сухо. На юго-западе утром туман, но после обеда прояснится.

IV. Ask and answer questions on the text.

Ask: where Paul wants to go for the weekend; why Judy doesn't want to go to Scotland; what she is afraid of; what Paul and Judy want to watch on television; what the weather will be like in Nor­thern Scotland; what it will be like in the North of England and Wales; whether East Anglia will be dry or wet; whether it will rain in Southern England; what the weather will be like in the South West.

V. Act out the conversation between Judy and Paul.

VI. Reproduce the weather forecast you've just heard.

VII. Did you hear the weather forecast for tomorrow in this country? What will the weather be like tomorrow?

VIII. Situation: Your friend phones to invite you to the country for the weekend. You are not sure whether the weather will be fine. Your friend says he has heard the weather forecast. It will be warm and dry at the end of the week

Listening Hurry, Spring!

I can't wait for spring to come. I'm tired of winter. I'm tired of the snow. I'm tired of cold weather. And I'm sick and tired of winter coats and boots!

Just think! In a few weeks it won't be winter any more. It will be spring. The weather won't be cold It'll be warm. It won't snow any more. It'll be sunny. I won't have to stay indoors any more. I'll go outside and play with my friends. We'll ride bicycles and play baseball again.

Just think! In a few weeks our neighbourhood won't look so sad and grey. The flowers will bloom and the trees will become green again.

My family will spend more time outdoors. My father will work

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in the yard. He'll cut the grass and paint the fence. My mother will work in the garden. She'll buy new flowers and plant them in the garden.

On weekends we won't just sit in the living-room and watch TV. We'll go for walks in the park and we'll have picnics on Sunday afternoons. I really can't wait for the spring to come. Hurry, Spring!

/. Listen to the text "Hurry, Spring" and answer the questions:

What is the boy tired oP What will the weather be like in spring? How will the boy spend his time in spring? What will the neighbourhood look like in spring? What will the boy's parents do outdoors?

//. Say why the boy is Looking forward to spring. III. Are you looking forward to summer? spring? winter? autumn? Why?

The Best Time for Apples

It is the first English lesson at a small school after the summer holidays. The lesson is about the seasons of the year.

'There are four seasons in a year", says the teacher. "They are spring, summer, autumn and winter. In spring it is warm and eve­rything begins to grow. In summer it is hot and there are a lot of flowers in the fields and gardens, in the parks and woods. The farmers work all day long on their farms. In autumn there are a lot of vegetables and fruit. In winter it is cold, it often rains. Some­times there is snow on the ground ..."

Here the teacher stops and looks at one of the pupils. "Stop talking, Tom", he says "Now listen to my question. Can you tell me what is the best time for apples?"

"Yes, sir", answers Tom. "It is when the farmer is not at home and there is no dog in the garden".

/. Listen to the text "The Best Time for Apples" and answer the questions:

Where is the scene taking place? What does the teacher say about the seasons of the year? What question does he ask Tom? What does Tom answer?

//. Tell the story that happened at a small English school after the summer holidays.

Self check

/. Put the verbs into the correct forms:

Two men (travel) in a very wild part of America. They (see) no

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modern houses and no traces of civilization for many days. What they (see) were only a few huts made of wood or tents where Indi­ans (live). One day they (meet) an old Indian who (be) a hunter. He (be) very clever and (know) everything about the forest and the animals living in it and many other things. He (can) also speak English quite well.

"Can you tell us what the weather (be) like during the next few days?" one of the two travellers (ask) him. "Oh, yes", he (answer). "Rain (come) and wind. Then there (be) snow for a day or two but then the sunshine (come) again and the weather (be) fine."

"These old Indians seem to know more about Nature than we with all our science", (say) the man to his friend. Then he (turn) to the old Indian.

"Tell me", he asked, "how you (know) all that?" "I (hear) it over the radio", the Indian answered.

//. Translate into English:

1. — Где ты провел свой отпуск?

— Я был на Кавказе. — Какая там была погода?

— Сухо и солнечно. Я много купался и загорал. 2. — Какой климат в Белоруссии?

— Лето не жаркое. Зима мягкая. Климат сырой, часто идут дожди.

3. — Какой прогноз на завтра?

— Будет облачно и прохладно, но дождя не будет.

Fluency

/• Let's talk about the weather:

1. What is your favourite season? Why? 2. Do you like to spend your holidays in the south? When did you last rest in the south? Where? What was the weather like? 3. Can you forecast weather? What do you think the weather will be like tomorrow? Do you like this sort of weather? 5. When did you last go to the country? Was the weather fine? 6. What is your favourite season? Why? Do you like winter? (autumn, etc.)? What sort of weather do you prefer in winter? in autumn? etc. 7. Do you remember what the last winter (summer, etc.) was like? 8. Give your arguments for or against autumn (winter, spring, summer). 9. When do you say the weather is nasty? fine? dry? damp? pleasant? 10. Do you like the climate in Belarus? (the place you live in)? Why?

ii- Act out the situations:

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1. Your English friend and you are speaking about the climate in your countries. 2. Your friend and you are speaking about your likes and dislikes as far as the weather and the seasons are concern­ed. 3. Your friend has just returned from Sochi. He was on holi­day there. You want to know about the weather.

///. Speak on:

a) the winter (summer, spring, autumn) in Belarus/your native town, the foreign country you visited, etc.

IV. Write a letter to your English friend about the weather in the place you live in. Write what you like and what you dislike about the weather. Ask your English friend about the climate in his country.

UNIT 20 GRAMMAR: SIMPLE FUTURE

COMMUNICATION: "SHALL" AND "WILL" IN REQUESTS, OFFERS AND SUGGESTIONS