Some foreign phrases used in english

Phrase	Language	Translation	Example
1)A la carte	French	по заказу, из меню	Can we eat a la carte?
2) alma mater	Latin	школа, институт	I haven’t returned to my alma mater since the day I graduated.
3) avant-garde	French	передовой	His avant-garde work was found to be unacceptable.
4) bona-fide	Latin	аутентич-ный	Is the painting by Levitan on your wall bona fide?
5) curricu-lum vitae (CV)	Latin	резюме	Have you got your CV ready for the interview?
6) déjà vu	French	обман памяти	I experienced déjà vu when I came, even though I knew I had not been here before.
7) fiasco	Italian	полное поражение	The party was a fiasco.
8) prima donna	Italian	солистка в опере, дива	She behaves like prima donna.
9) status-quo	Latin	положение вещей	He advises to maintain status-quo.
10) tete-a-tete	Latin	c глазу на глаз	We talked tet-a-tete.
11) vis-à-vis	French	друг на-против друга	They sat vis-à-vis across the table.

15) Insert the following foreign phrases into the sentences

1) Vis-à-vis 2) prima donna 3) tete-a-tete 4) avant-garde 5)alma-mater 6) CV 7) status-quo 8) a la carte 9) fiasco 10) déjà-vu

1) A private conversation between two persons is called ________.

2) We are looking for team-players, not _______________________.

3) When we talk about current situation, we mean our _________.

4) Last week the graduates from the college had a meeting at their

______________.

5) Since the team has not won a game all year, it should be pretty obvious to the owners that they have _________ on their hands.

6) The graduate was asked to prepare his _________ to apply for a position of an artistic director at the theatre.

7) The elderly poet was confused by the youth’s ___________ style of writing.

8) She sat on the other side за the table, _________ John.

9) The restaurant had a huge _________ menu and four specials that day.

10) How can you have already seen this painting that I made just yesterday? This means you are having a _________.

16) Read the text about the future of foreign languages

THE FUTURE OF LANGUAGE

Of the 7.2 billion people on Earth nearly two thirds speak one

of these 12 languages as their native language.

Bengali – 250 mil

Spanish – 389 mil

English- 527mil

Arabic language – 467 mil

Hindu-Urdu- 500 mil

Chinese – 1.39 billion

German – 132 mil

Japanese - 123 mil

French – 118 mil

Russian- 254 mil

Portugese – 193 mil

Italian – 67 mil

Which language will dominate in future? There are many pre-

dictions. It depends on your location and purpose.

1) If you want to make money, you should learn these three

languages: BRAZIL, RUSSIAN, HINDI, CHINESE

2) If you want to speak to as many people as possible, CHINESE, SPANISH or FRENCH will be on the top. If you don’t have time, don’t worry too much: ENGLISH will continue to be on the top in the near future.

3) If you want to visit as many counties as possible but speak one language you should know that ARABIC is spoken in 60 countries and FRENCH – in 51 countries.

4) What to learn if you are interested in reading and culture? A group of the international researchers analyzed 2.2 million book translations. ENGLISH is the world’s premier top language for written publications.

17) Answer the following questions

1) What is the most spoken language in the world?

2) What is the population of the world?

3) How many million people speak English?

4) What language is advised here to travelers?

5) What language will continue to be on the top in the near

future?

6) Can the scientists say explicitly what language will dominate in

the future

7) In how many countries people speak Arabic?

8) What to learn if you are interested in reading and culture?

9) How many book translations have the international researchers

аnalized?

10) What language is the world’s premier top language?

UNIT 6

A STAGED DRAMA SET TO MUSIC

Task 1 – Изучающее чтение: текст ‘The history of the Vienna opera ‘

Task 2 – Ознакомительное чтение: тексты ‘The Opera ball’, ‘On tour’

Task 3 – Беседа с преподавателем на тему ‘Music.Your favo-urite composer'

Грамматика: Phrasal verbs/ Фразовые глаголы

Лексика: Can you guess the meaning of the word?

TASK # 1

П рочитать и перевести приведенный оригинальный текст со словарем. (На экзамене по кандидатскому минимуму аспи-рантам (соискателям) будет предложен текст объемом не ме-нее 2000-2500 печатных знаков). На выполнение подобного задания на экзамене отводится 50-60 минут.

TEXT #1 THE HISTORY OF THE VIENNA OPERA

T he origin of the Vienna Opera, the oldest theatrical institution with an unbroken re-cord of performing in the German-speaking world, goes back to the beginning of the 18^th century. A number of new operas were performed in Vienna during the 47-year-long reign of Emperor Leopold I, who was a composer as well as a ruler. He died on 5 May 1705 during the Spanish War of Succession. After Leopold’s death, his eldest son Joseph succeeded him, but only for a short time as he died of smallpox on 17 April 1711 at the age of 32.

What remained from his reign were the pawnbroker’s founded by him in 1707, known today as the auction house ‘Dorotheum’, the Vienna Opera, as well as Austria’s biggest bell, called ‘Joseph’s Bell’, which soon was renamed into the ‘Pummerin’.

The City of Vienna received a license for a theatre from Emperor Joseph I, after the city fathers followed official urging to build a fire-proof theatre in the thickly populated inner city and put for-ward a place on the edge of the walled and moated city between the old city hospital and the city wall, near the Karntner gate. This Karntnethor Theatre, constructed by ‘the theatre engineer’ Anto-nio Perduzzi on the site now occupied by the Sacher Hotel, was opened with a performance by Italian opera singers on 30 Novem-ber, 1709.

In the beginning this first ‘city theatre’ was only for ‘foreign ac-tors’, but the Viennese shield away from the performances in a fo-reign language of ‘true stories and operas’. Francisco Maria Conte Pecori, a favourite of the emperor and first director of the new ho-use, therefore had to take the consequences and already in 1712 made room for the actor and theatre director Josef Anton Stranit-zky and his company.

This original character, called ‘Hans-Wurst’, celebrated by the Viennese, gained social status with his leadership of the theatre, which was almost completely under the control of court officials. Besides his extempore comedies and burlesques, he also had an ambition to perform court operas for an audience of a lower social status, although these performances descended to a vulgar level of ‘Hans-Wurst operas’.

Following Stanitzky’s death in 1726, his wife and his student Gottfried Prehauser succesfully followed in his footsteps, but soon had to step aside for Francesco Borosini and the court singer Jo-seph Sellier, who for the next twenty years dominated the Karnt-nethor Theatre with their German and Italian comedies, Italian operas and ballets.

In 1741, Sellier took over the Theatre in the Ballhaus as well, so that the court’s artists had to share the stage with ‘ordinary ac-tors’. The simultaneous existence of two such extremes resulted in a tense atmosphere that encouraged and put its unique mark on the artistic consciousness of these theatres.

In 1747, Rocco Baron de Lo Presti took over the directorship of the Bellhaus Theatre (Hofburg Theatre) from Sellier, and in 1751 also that of the Karntnerthor Theatre, so both theatres were again un-der the same direction. With the first imperial rant in 1752, Maria Theresia achieved the complete detachment of the German Thea-tre from the Hofburg Theatre, and although the theatre buildings were the property of the City of Vienna, the not extremely suc-cessful businessman Lo Presti was obliged to submit to the cen-soring of German burlesques at the Karntnerthor Theatre. Frans Graf Esterhazy was appointed senior director for all productions, so that Lo Presti was in fact eliminated and instructions for the official imperial theatre were issued for the first time.

1) Answer the following questions

1) What theatrical institution has a record of performing operas in the German-speaking world?

2) How long did Emperor Leopold I reign?

3) What remained from Joseph’s reign in Austria?

4) Who gave the City of Vienna a license for the theatre?

5) Where did the city fathers build the theatre?

6) What was the name of the ‘theatre engineer’ who constructed

the theatre?

7) When was the Karntnethor Theatre built?

8) Who was the first director of a new theatre?

9) What character gained social status with his leadership of the

theatre?

10) Did the actors of the theatre perform for an audience of a low-

er social status?

11) What was Joseph Sellier?

12) Why had the court actors to share the stage with ‘ordinary ac-

tors’?

13) Who took over the directorship of the Bellhaus Theatre in

1747?

14) What did Maria Theresia achieve in 1752 with the first impe-

rial rant?

15) When were the instructions for the official imperial theatre

issued for the first time?

2) What happened in the history of the Vienna opera on those dates? Find the answers in the text

1) 5 May 1705
2) 17 April 1711
3) July,1711
4) 30 November 1709.
5) 30 November 1709
6) 1712
7) 1726
8) 1741
9) 1751
10) 1752

3) Find the sentences with the following phrasal verbs in the text and write them below

G o back –возвращаться; put forward–предлагать; Shield away – защититься (от); follow in – продолжать; Step aside –уступить; take over –взять на себя

1) ________________________________________________________

2)_________________________________________________________

3)_________________________________________________________

4) ________________________________________________________

5) ________________________________________________________

6)_________________________________________________________

4) Complete the following sentences

1) At the beginning of the 18^th century ___________________.

2) On 17 April 1711, at the age of 32 ________________________

3) The auction house ‘Dorotheum’ was founded _____________

4) Emperor Joseph I issued _______________________________

5) A fire-proof theatre was built ___________________________

6) On 30 November 1709__________________________________

7) Francisco Maria Conte Pecori ___________________________

8) The performances of a vulgar level were called ____________

GRAMMAR: PHRASAL VERBS

Фразовые глаголы (Phrasal Verbs)—одно из характерных яв-лений в современном английском языке. Широкое употре-бление фразовых глаголов характерно для разговорной ре-чи, на них следует обратить особое внимание. Легких спо-собов изучения фразовых глаголов нет – их нужно заучи-вать наизусть.

1) Фразовый глагол — это глагол + частица.

We often eat (глагол) out (частица).

Мы часто едим вне дома.

2) Частица в составе фразового глагола похожа на предлог, но предлогом не является и может существенно изменить значение глагола.

He ran into a tree. (глагол + предлог) Он налетел на дерево.

She ran into her friend in the cinema. (глагол + частица) Она случайно встретилась с другом в кино.

3) Даже зная значение глагола и частицы, не всегда можно догадаться о значении фразового глагола. Поэтому, фразо-вые глаголы нужно заучивать наизусть.

The competition was called off.

Соревнование было отменено.

4. Фразовые глаголы делятся на переходные (с прямым до-полнением) и непереходные (без прямого дополнения). Большинство фразовых глаголов являются переходными.

She looked for a book on modern art. (переходный глагол)

Она искала книгу по современному искусству.

Our son has grown up. (непереходный глагол)

Наш сын вырос.

To eat out- питаться

вне дома

To run into- случайно

встетить

To call off –отменять