- •Contents
- •Introductory Text
- •Vocabulary practice
- •1. Underline the correct word (word-combination) after checking with the dictionary.
- •2. Analyse the structure of the underlined words. State what parts of speech they are. Give the Russian equivalents for the word-combinations.
- •3. Explain the meaning of following compounds. Give their Russian equivalents.
- •4. What are the opposites of the following adjectives?
- •5. Choose the right adjective to describe a child’s temper.
- •7. Fill in the missing preposition.
- •8. Fill in the blanks with a suitable noun. Use it in the plural where necessary.
- •9. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.
- •6. Complete the sentences below.
- •10. Translate the following sentences into English.
- •Continue the conversation. Use your active vocabulary.
- •2. Start the conversation. Use your active vocabulary.
- •3. Translate the words of one of the speakers.
- •1. Use a dictionary to find out what the following words mean.
- •2. Give the English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations.
- •3. Give the Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations.
- •4. Find in the text and translate the following sentences.
- •5. Find in the text the words and word-combinations that describe
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •7. Think of some advice you could give to
- •8. Fill in the right preposition or adverb.
- •9. Change the following sentences according to the model.
- •10. Translate from Russian into English using the vocabulary from the text.
- •1. Speak about the conflict described in the text ‘Mother versus Daughter’
- •2. Discuss the following questions.
- •3. Read through the following jocular ‘Tricks for Taming Adolescents’ worked out by Frank Pitmann, a psychologist.
- •4. Work with a partner. Make up a conversation using the cue cards below.
- •5. Role-play the situation.
- •Arguments in practice
- •Is it Selfish to Stay Childless?
- •Defending or rejecting claims
- •1. Choose one of these topics and write an Explanation. It should contain at least 3 or 4 paragraphs.
- •2. Render the following text into English. Emphasize its main idea. Новый вид семьи?
- •Tasks for listening
- •1. Listen to Interview 1. Complete the following sentences.
- •2. Listen to Interview 2. Answer the following questions.
- •3. Listen to Text 1. Choose the correct answer.
- •Introductory Text
- •Vocabulary practice
- •2. Use a dictionary to form adjectives and abstract nouns.
- •3. Express the following in one word from the list below.
- •4. Match the following adjectives and nouns.
- •5. Write synonyms and antonyms to the following adjectives.
- •6. Fill in the missing prepositions.
- •7. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.
- •8. Translate from Russian into English using your active vocabulary.
- •(From “The Client” by j. Grisham)
- •1. Use a dictionary to find out what the following words and word-combinations mean.
- •Give the Russian equivalents for the following words and word-combinations.
- •3. Give the English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations.
- •4. Translate the following sentences into Russian.
- •5. Answer the following questions.
- •6. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English using the vocabulary from the text.
- •1. Find in the text words, word-combinations and sentences that
- •2. Discuss the following questions.
- •4. Read the text below to talk about the national variations in selection of the most important topics of social concern in Western Europe. What are the most important social problems in Russia?
- •7. Role-play the situation.
- •Part 2 arguments in practice reasoning: effective or faulty? some of the common fallacies (зд. Ошибка в аргументации)
- •1. The following is a claim and a number of supporting statements. Decide whether the reasoning is faulty or clearly expressed. Be prepared to defend your answers.
- •2. Now read the interview where an English career criminal discusses the philosophy of his life. Then summarize the principal criticism of the reasoning he uses to justify his criminal occupation.
- •Violence, greed, and gross immorality are crowding the playing fields of the world – all in the name of winning the game at any cost!
- •6. According to the Bible “The love of money is the root of all kinds of evil”. Do you agree or disagree with it?
- •7. Which of the following problems are the most important ones in our country? Choose three out of the list and give reasons for your choice.
- •Persuade your partner
- •Tasks for writing
- •1. Listen to Interview 1. Answer the following questions.
- •2. Listen to Text 1. Choose the correct answer.
- •3. Listen to Text 2. Fill in the gaps.
- •Introductory Text
- •Vocabulary practice
- •1. Underline the correct word (word-combination) after checking with a dictionary.
- •2. Match the words below with the corresponding definitions.
- •7. Fill in the blanks with a suitable noun. Use it in the plural where necessary.
- •8. Make paraphrases of the italicized words in the following sentences using one-word equivalents. Use the correct tense and aspect forms of the verbs. Choose from the following:
- •9. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.
- •10. Translate the following sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •Help wanted, help needed (from ‘19 Purchase Street’ by g. A. Browne) (Abridged)
- •2. Give the Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations.
- •3. Find in the text the English equivalents for the following words and word-combinations.
- •4. Find in the text the following sentences. Translate them into Russian.
- •5. Answer the following questions.
- •6. Fill in the missing preposition.
- •7. Change the following sentences according to the model.
- •8. Translate from Russian into English using the vocabulary from the text.
- •2. Discuss the following questions.
- •4. Here’s a list of occupations
- •5. Role-play the situation.
- •Part 2 arguments in practice defending or rejecting claims
- •Discussion points
- •Are Men Superior to Women?
- •Should Mothers with Small Children Have Careers?
- •Who Should Be a Wage-Earner– a Wife or a Husband?
- •Facial discrimination
- •Answer the following questions.
- •Main writing form: Argumentation: persuasion.
- •2. Analyze the following sample of cv and write a cv of your own as if you were applying for a job.
- •3. Write a summary of the text ‘Facial Discrimination’.
- •4. Render the following text in writing.
- •Tasks for listening
- •Introductory Text
- •Vocabulary practice
- •1. Underline the correct word (word-combination) after checking with a dictionary.
- •2. Analyze the structure of the underlined words in the following word-combinations. State what parts of speech they are. Give their Russian equivalents.
- •3. In the following word-combinations the attribute is expressed by a compound adjective. Paying special attention to the underlined parts, give the Russian equivalents for the word-combinations.
- •4. On the left there is a list of words. Choose the correct definition for each of them from the list on the right.
- •5. Fill in the missing particle. Give the Russian equivalents for the following phrasal verbs.
- •6. Write the missing verb in the sentences below.
- •7. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.
- •8. Translate the following sentences into English using your active vocabulary.
- •Proper Names
- •Verb noun adjective adverb
- •2. Give the Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations.
- •4. Find in the text the following sentences. Translate them into Russian.
- •5. Answer the following questions.
- •Fill in the missing preposition.
- •7. Change the following sentences according to the model.
- •8. Translate from Russian into English using the vocabulary from the text.
- •1. Retell the text in the name of Annie. Describe the way she was getting involved in the students’ life. Start with the following:
- •2. Comment on the following sentences:
- •3. Discuss the following questions.
- •4. Read the text below. Speak about the modern concept of ‘Lifelong Learning’.
- •5. Use the information from the text below to speak about academic degrees in Great Britain.
- •6. Work with a partner. Make up a conversation using the cue cards below.
- •Defending or rejecting claims
- •Discussion points
- •1. Do you agree or disagree with the following statements? Give your reasons.
- •So that nobody has to go to school if they don’t want to
- •Tasks for writing
- •4. Giving examples or an analogy.
- •5. Explaining the functions and effects of the term.
- •2. Choose another term to define, for example: illiteracy, success, freedom, etc.
- •3. Choose one of the followings topics to write an essay.
- •4. Render the following text in writing. Emphasize its main idea. Почему подростки не хотят учиться?
- •Tasks for listening
- •2. Listen to Dialogue 2. Mark the following statements as true or false.
- •3. Listen to Text 1. Complete the following sentences.
- •Unit 5 environment
- •Introductory Text
- •Vocabulary practice
- •2. Which word in each line does not belong to the group?
- •3. Explain the meaning of the following compounds. Give their Russian equivalents.
- •4. Analyze the structure of the underlined words in the following word-combinations. State what parts of speech they are. Give their Russian equivalents.
- •5. Find synonyms or words close in meaning from Groups a and b.
- •7. Fill in the missing words and word-combinations in the sentences below.
- •8. Fill in the blanks with articles where necessary.
- •9. Translate from Russian into English using your active vocabulary.
- •Use a dictionary to find out what the following words mean.
- •2. Give the Russian equivalents for the following word-combinations.
- •3. Give the English equivalents for the following word-combinations.
- •4. Find the following sentences in the text. Translate them into Russian.
- •5. Find in the text the words and word-combinations which describe
- •6. Answer the following questions.
- •7. Fill in the missing preposition.
- •8. Translate the following sentences using your active vocabulary.
- •1. Retell the text in the person
- •2. Comment on the following statements from the text.
- •3. Discuss the following questions.
- •4. Speak about
- •5. Say what may happen if
- •6. Test your knowledge of 'green' issues. Are these statements true or false?
- •7. Role-play the following situation.
- •Part 2 arguments in practice
- •It Makes Us Sick to See How Mountains Are Destroyed
- •Are City-Dwellers Obliged to Adopt a Wholly Unnatural Way of Life?
- •1. Which of the following statements best reflects the author’s claim?
- •L ake baikal: an earthly wonder
- •1. Which of the following statements are true according to the text?
- •2. Provide evidence from the text to support the claims below:
- •Defending or rejecting claims
- •Main writing form: Argumentation: a Problem Solution Essay
- •Introduction
- •In supporting paragraphs you should
- •2. Write a Problem-Solution Essay. Choose one of the following problems or conflicts.
- •3. Render the following text in writing. Emphasize its main idea. Зависит ли человеческое общество от свойств окружающей среды?
- •Tasks for listening
- •1. Listen to Interview 1. Mark the statements as true or false.
- •2. Listen to Text 1. Fill in the gaps.
- •3. Listen to Text 2. Fill in the gaps.
- •4. Listen to Text 3. Answer the following questions.
- •References
6. According to the Bible “The love of money is the root of all kinds of evil”. Do you agree or disagree with it?
How can you explain and comment on the meaning of the following proverbs and sayings related to the concept MONEY? How do they characterize people’s attitudes towards money?
Money makes the world go round.
Money has no smell.
Money doesn’t grow on trees.
Money spent on brain is never spent in vain.
7. Which of the following problems are the most important ones in our country? Choose three out of the list and give reasons for your choice.
corruption AIDS
gap between the rich and the poor nationalism
illiteracy pollution
increasing crime rates poverty
religious fundamentalism terrorism
8. Comment on the following statements.
1. Love your neighbour the way you love yourself.
2. There is no one who does what is right and never sins.
3. Charity begins at home.
4. Poverty is the mother of crime.
5. Actions speak louder than words.
9. It has been said “Hang a thief when he is young and he won’t steal when he is old”. Do you agree or disagree with it? Why or why not?
Persuade your partner
Continue the conversation trying to persuade your partner (Speaker 1) that his or her point is not sound. To make your arguments more convincing refer to some examples – concrete people and their experience.
1
Speaker 1. Nobody does anything for free! I’ve never met a truly altruistic person.
Speaker 2. Do you really mean it? ……………………………..
2
Speaker 1. There are very few honest people. Given the opportunity, most people would steal something if there is no way of being caught.
Speaker 2. I can’t accept that……………………………………...
3
Speaker 1. I would never give my money for charity. For example, there is no point in giving money to beggars in the streets, they only spend it on alcohol.
Speaker 2. On the one hand, ……………………………………..
4
Speaker 1. Why do we talk about drug addicts as if they were sick people? They are not sick people but criminals. We don’t have to build more drug rehabilitation centres, we should have stricter laws against drug abuse.
Speaker 2. Well, I’m not really sure you’re right………………..
Tasks for writing
MAIN WRITING FORM: Argumentation: supporting with reasons.
Argumentation can take the form of writing in which the writer uses reasons and facts to support a statement or opinion. Here is an example of such an opinion and such support, related to the topic “People and Society”:
Claim: Before the age of eighteen, people should not be allowed to marry.
Support: Until the age of eighteen most people are still growing biologically and psychologically. Getting married before this age would add pressures and demands that would greatly interfere with their education. Furthermore, their physical and emotional immaturity could seriously hinder their suitable choice of a marriage partner.
Here are some points to keep in mind when writing an argumentative paper:
1. Your claim must be a statement that can be proved.
2. You must prove it by presenting sound reasons and facts – not mere opinions, incomplete evidence, faulty logic.
3. You must present your claim and your support as clearly as possible.
1. Now devote a paragraph to each of the following claims. Develop them by using good reasons. If possible, use some facts and statistics.
1. Until the age of eighteen, people should not be allowed to vote.
2. Until the age of eighteen, people should not be allowed to drive.
3. Until the age of eighteen, people should not be allowed to have a full-time job.
2. Choose one of the following topic sentences to write a paragraph.
a) There are several reasons for the increase in crime rates in our country.
b) We need severe punishment as a deterrent (средство устрашения) to prevent people from breaking the law.
c) Violence is a national problem.
3. Write an essay “It is more blessed to give than to receive”. First answer the following questions.
1) What can we give to other people – love, compassion, money?
2) In what way can one be blessed for his deeds?
4. Write an essay “The main vices of mankind”.
In the introduction state what three vices you consider to be the most serious.
In each supporting paragraph provide specific details to support the claim, and then draw a conclusion.
5. Write a summary of the text highlighting the methods dishonest doctors use to make easy money.
Медицина и мораль
О моральном состоянии общества и людей, формирующих это общество, судят по разным признакам. Один из них – отношение государства и медицинских учреждений к самому дорогому – жизни и здоровью граждан.
Отношение врачей к пациентам имеет прямое отношение к морали. Все студенты-медики с незапамятных времен дают клятву Гиппократа, обещая помогать больным независимо от состояния их кошелька. Однако, что мы имеем на самом деле? Методы диагностики и лечения совершенствуются на глазах, но мы почему-то не стали болеть меньше. Скорее, наоборот. Возникла парадоксальная ситуация: чем прогрессивнее медицина, тем длиннее список болезней. Многие честные врачи открыто заявляют о том, что новые болезни не возникают из ниоткуда, просто раньше человек до них не доживал. При этом, ситуация осложняется тем, что активно стали лечить болезни… несуществующие. Корень этой проблемы лежит в экономической сфере. С одной стороны, врачу платят очень маленькую зарплату, с другой – условий для законного заработка в государственных медицинских учреждениях не существует. В результате, врач вынужден добывать средства любыми способами. Механизм очень прост: пациенту внушают, что есть какая-то болезнь, которой на самом деле нет. Точнее, нет еще и пациента, есть здоровый человек. Список несуществующих болезней довольно велик. Однако самое выгодное не столько лечение, сколько диагностика. Проверить ничего невозможно. Диагностика за 40 минут, приборы, определяющие резонанс клеток, - это примеры того, как легко обмануть граждан. Вам говорят о болезнях, которых сейчас у человека нет, но завтра точно будут. Ответственности за такое «предсказание» - никакой, зато «лечение» начинают.
В государственных больницах декларируется бесплатное лечение: приходите – вам помогут. Люди считают, что, если врачу не заплатить, никакой помощи он не окажет. Вот и получается – объем сумм, которые проходят в медицине нелегально, соизмерим с объемом денег во всей системе здравоохранения страны.
TASKS FOR LISTENING