- •Internal combustion engine
- •Give equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian:
- •Using the English-Russian dictionary translate the following text
- •Into Russian:
- •IV. Translate the following information into English:
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian:
- •Explain and translate the following definitions of the car body elements:
- •Translate the following information into English:
- •Translate the following information into Russian:
- •Give equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian:
- •Translate the following information into English:
- •Translate the following text into Russian:
- •Give equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian:
- •Translate the following information into Russian:
- •Translate the following text into Russian:
- •Be ready to talk and discuss the general structure of a ship
- •Uss Nimitz’s catapult 1
- •Translate the following text into English:
- •Inspecting a used car
- •Incandescent lighting - освещение лампами накаливания
- •Answer and translate the following questions:
- •Translate the following sentences:
- •Translate the following text into Russian:
- •IV. Translate the following information into English:
- •Various definitions
- •Decipher and translate the following abbreviations:
- •Answer the following question:
- •Translate the following text into Russian:
- •Translate the following material into English:
- •I. Translate the following sentences:
- •II. Translate the following information in to Russian:
- •Translate the following advertising material into English:
- •Be ready to talk about the power supply at your home.
- •Introduction to power electronics
- •I. Answer the following questions:
- •Translate into English words in brackets and then the sentences
- •Into Russian:
- •Translate the following text: Conductors
- •Translate the following sentences:
- •Translate into English: Теория цепей
- •Translate into Russian: Current supply
- •Give equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Translate and answer the following questions:
- •Translate the following text:
- •Translate the text and be ready to discuss the general radio design:
- •Translate into English the following material:
- •Translate the following extract: Microphone transmitter.
- •Introduction to radar fundamentals
- •Give equivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Put 10 questions to the text and answer them:
- •Translate into Russian the following text:
- •Translate into English:
- •Read and translate the list of chemical elements with their symbols and atomic number: (in alphabetical order)
- •Translate the following sentences:
- •Translate into Russian:
- •Translate into English:
- •Translate the following information into English:
- •Put 6 questions to the text and answer them:
- •Translate the following sentences in to Russian:
- •Translate the following text and he ready to discuses properties of elements: Chemical properties of elements
- •Vanderwaals radius
- •Ionic radius
- •Isotopes
- •Translate the following text into English using proper terms given below:
- •Classification by Structural Change
- •Classification by Reaction Type
- •Translate into Russian the following sentences:
- •Translate the follow text into Russian:
- •Translate the classification of hydrocarbons into Russian:
- •Reaction Characteristics
- •Factors that Influence Reactions
- •Translate the following information into Russian:
- •Translate the following text into English: Насыщенные углеводороды
- •Translate the following material into Russian:
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian:
- •Translate the following information into Russian:
- •Translate into English:
- •Translate the following text into Russian:
- •Translate the following information into English:
- •Translate the words and word combinations in brackets into English.
- •Give equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •Translate the following text into Russian:
- •Translate into English:
- •Translate into Russian:
- •Be ready to answer questions on the text and talk about the refinery presses.
- •Translate words and word combinations in brackets into English. Translate
- •Give equivalents to the following word combinations:
- •Translate the following text:
- •Translate into English:
- •Translate into Russian:
- •Translate into English:
- •Translate in to English:
- •Interface поверхность раздела; граница
- •Viscosity
- •Translate words and word combinations in brackets into English. Then
- •Translate the following text and be ready to discuss it: crude oil pretreatment (desalting).
- •Electrostatic desalting.
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian:
- •Translate the following information into Russian:
- •Translate the following text into English:
- •Translate the following information into English:
- •Give eqvivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Translate the following sentences:
- •Translate the following text into English:
- •Translate the following text:
- •Translate into English:
- •Improving the quality of petroleum products
- •Give eqvivalents to the following words and word combinations:
- •Answer the following questions:
- •Translate into Russian:
- •Translate into English:
- •Translate into Russian: The Physics of Oil Refineries
- •Discussion of the refinery process. Prepare the brief report on one of the theme topics.
- •Translate the following sentences:
- •Translate the following text in writing:
- •Introduction to nuclear power
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian:
- •Translate the following text into Russian:
- •Translate the following text into English:
- •Inside the reactor
- •Put some questions to the text and translate them:
- •Translate the following sentences:
- •Translate the following material into English:
- •Translate the following text into Russian:
- •Translate the following text into Russian:
- •Translate the following word combination into Russian:
- •Translate the following sentences into Russian:
- •Translate the following text into English:
- •Translate the following text into English:
- •Translate the following extract into English:
- •Translate the following sentences:
- •Translate the following information into Russian:
- •Translate into Russian:
- •Translate the following information into English:
- •Translate the following information into English:
- •Give equivalents to the terms on the fig.2 using technical dictionaries.
- •Translate into Russian:
- •Translate into Russian:
- •Translate the following information into Russian:
- •Translate into English: Устройство энергетических ядерных реакторов.
- •Put several questions to the text above and answer them:
- •Translate the following text into Russian:
- •Translate the following extract into Russian:
- •To check yourself try to translate the following text at sight:
- •Introduction to the almr/prism
- •Translate the following information into English: хранение ядерного топлива
- •Work area
- •Electrical safety
- •Power tool use and care
- •Service
- •Рабочее место
- •Поддерживайте чистоту и порядок на Вашем рабочем месте.
- •Меры безопасности при подключении к электросети.
- •Указания по безопасности
- •Использование инструмента и уход за ним.
- •Important safety instructions
- •Translate into English:
- •Устройство и принцип работы р ис. 1. Внешний вид аппарата.
- •6 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures exhaust gas recirculation apparatus for engine with turbocharger
- •Read the patent given above, identify its parts and be ready to comment on peculiarities of their translation. 2. Translate the following extract into English:
- •Beltline: The horizontal area of the body along the door just below the side-window glass.
- •Abstract
- •Description
Translate the following text:
What is the difference between gasoline, kerosene, lubricating oil, etc.?
The “crude oil” pumped out of the ground is a black liquid called petroleum. This liquid contains aliphatic hydrocarbons, or hydrocarbons composed of nothing but hydrogen and carbon. The carbon atoms link together in chains of different lengths.
It turns out that hydrocarbon molecules of different lengths have different properties and behaviors. For example, a chain with just one carbon atom in it (CH4) is the lightest chain, known as methane. Methane is a gas so light that it floats like helium. As the chains get longer, they get heavier.
The first four chains - CH4 (methane), C2H6 (ethane), C3Hg (propane) and C4H|0 (butane) - are all gases, and they boil at -161, -88, -46 and -1 degrees F, respectively (-107, -67, -43 and -18 degrees C). The chains up through ClgH32 or so are all liquids at room temperature, and the chains above C]9 are all solids at room temperature.
The different chain lengths have progressively higher boiling points, so they can be separated out by distillation. This is what happens in an oil refinery - crude oil is heated and the different chains are pulled out by their vaporization temperatures.
The chains in the C5, C6 and C7 range are all very light, easily vaporized, clear liquids called naphthas. They are used as solvents - dry cleaning fluids can be made from these liquids, as well as paint solvents and other quick-drying products.
The chains from C7H16 through CnH24 are blended together and used for gasoline. All of them vaporize at temperatures below the boiling point of water. That’s why if you spill gasoline on the ground it evaporates very quickly.
Next is kerosene, in the C|2 to C15 range, followed by diesel fuel and heavier fuel oils (like heating oil for houses).
Next come the lubricating oils. These oils no longer vaporize in any way at normal temperatures. For example, engine oil can run all day at 250 degrees F (121° C) without vaporizing at all. Oils go from very light (like 3-in-l oil) through various thicknesses of motor oil through very thick gear oils and then semi-solid greases. Vasoline falls in there as well.
Chains above the C20 range form solids, starting with paraffin wax, then tar and finally asphaltic bitumen, which used to make asphalt roads.
All of these different substances come from crude oil. The only difference is the length of the carbon chains!
Translate into English:
Гидрокрекинг - это каталитический крекинг в присутствии водорода. Сочетание водорода, катализатора и соответствующего режима процесса позволяют проводить крекинг низкокачественного легкого газойля, полученного на других
установках. Иногда легкий газойль используется как компонент дизельного топлива. На установке гидрокрекинга получают высококачественный бензин.
Катализаторы для гидрокрекинга не такие дорогостоящие как для реформинга. Обычно двух реакторах, где катализатор располагается в виде неподвижного слоя.
Сырьё смешивается с водородом, нагревается до 290-400°С и под давлением 1200-2000 psi (80-140 атм.) подаётся в первый реактор. При прохождении через слой катализатора примерно 40-50% сырья подвергается крекингу и образуется продукт, соответствующий по температуре кипения бензину (до 200°С).
Когда углеводородная смесь выходит из первого реактора, её охлаждают, сжижают и пропускают через сепаратор для отделения водорода. Водород снова смешивают с сырьём и направляют в повторный процесс, а жидкость подают на дальнейшую перегонку. Продукты, полученные в первом реакторе, разделяются в ректификационной колонне на компоненты, необходимые для производства бензина, реактивного топлива или газойля.
Остаток от первичной перегонки снова смешивается с водородом и подаётся во второй реактор. Процесс крекинга во втором реакторе происходит при более жестком режиме, т.е. при более высокой температуре и давлении. В остальном процесс протекает в той же последовательности, что в первом реакторе.
LESSON # 6
