1. Give equivalents to the following words and word combinations:

Radio set, приемопередающая станция, transmitter, приёмник, frequen­cy modulated signal, наводить магнитное поле, information signal, rod antenna, чувствительный амперметр, induce electromagnetic fields, со скоростью света, opti­mal antenna size, конденсатор, radio communications, радио телефон, amplifier, radio controlled model, AM radio station.

1. Translate and answer the following questions:

1. What is a radio station?

2. Can you explain the principle difference between a continuous wave and radio frequency wave?

3. What is the task of the modulator in a radio set?

4. Do you use a tuner when you operate your radio receiver? And what is its function?

5. Is the inductor together with the capacitor makes up the tuner?

6. What is the role of an amplifier in the two-way radio?

7. Is it possible to maintain the communication in between AM and FM radio stations?

2. Translate the following text:

Radio waves» transmit music, conversations, pictures and data invisibly through the air, often over millions of miles — it happens every day in thousands of different ways! Even though radio waves are invisible and completely undetectable to humans, they have totally changed society. Whether we are talking about a cell phone, a baby monitor, a cordless phone or any one of the thousands of other wireless technologies, all of them use radio waves to communicate.

Here are just a few of the everyday technologies that depend on radio waves:

AM and FM radio broadcasts Cordless phones Garage door openers Wireless networks Radio-controlled toys Television broadcasts Cell phones GPS receivers Ham radios

Satellite communications Police radios Wireless clocks

The list goes on and on... Even things like radar and microwave ovens depend on radio waves. Things like communication and navigation satellites would be impossible without radio waves, as would modern aviation — an airplane depends on a dozen dif­ferent radio systems. The current trend toward wireless Internet access uses radio as well, and that means a lot more convenience in the future!

The funny thing is that, at its core, radio is an incredibly simple technology. With just a couple of electronic components that cost at most a dollar or two, you can build simple radio transmitters and receivers.

3. Translate the text and be ready to discuss the general radio design:

Radio equipment.

A typical radio (rdo) station has the following basic components: transmitter (xmit- ter), receiver (rcvr), antenna (telescopic rod antenna) (ant), power supply unit (dry bat­tery or a generator) microphone (mic) and earphones or speaker.

The xmitter contains an oscillation generator for converting elec power into oscilla­tions of a predetermined radio frequency (rf) called the carrier frequency (freq), ampli­fiers for increasing the intensity of these oscillations, and a transducer for converting the information to be transmitted into a varying elec voltage proportional to each successive instantaneous intensity. For sound xmission a mic is the transducer. Other important components of the rdo xmitter are the modulator, which uses these proportionate volt­ages to control the variations in the oscillation intensity or the instantaneous freq of the carrier, and the antenna. The xmitting antenna is a conductor which radiates a similarly modulated carrier wave when a RF AC is passed through it.

The signal may be impressed on the carrier wave either by FM or AM.

The essential components of a rdo rcvr are an antenna for receiving the electro­magnetic waves and converting them into elec oscillations, amplifiers for increasing the intensity of these oscillations, detection equipment for demodulating, i. e. removing the voice information contained on the signals and converting it into a usable form, a speaker for converting the impulses into sound waves audible by the human. If detection equipment is sensitive to amplitude changes, it is called a detector. Equipment sensitive to freq changes is called a discriminator.

The incoming signal from the antenna is generally very weak. The sensitivity of modem rdo rcrs is so great that this signal can be detected and amplified to produce an intelligible sound from the speaker or headphones.