V. Sections: Militancy and subversion, Insurgency

1. Match the words and phrases in List A with those in List B. Learn these lexical units.

List A

List B

to rebel (against sb) to plot (against sb) to subvert the state to sabotage an oil pipeline to crack down on sb to mount a rebellion to mastermind a rebellion to put down a rebellion armed rebellion popular rebellion abortive rebellion to bring about a revolution to spark off a riot to instigate a riot civil unrest to stage a coup (against sb) coup attempt to carry out a plot to foil a plot to uncover a plot to commit an act of sabotage paramilitary group guerrilla (fighter) rebel to patrol a street insurgent

a. народное восстание b. партизан c. гражданское неповиновение d. осуществлять заговор e. расстроить заговор f. совершать революцию g. патрулировать улицу h. попытка переворота i. боевик j. бунтовать k. раскрывать заговор l. организовывать диверсию m. организовывать заговор n. подстрекать к бунту o. заниматься подрывной деятельностью против государства p. военизированная группа q. организовать диверсию на нефтепроводе r. повстанец s. неудавшаяся попытка мятежа t. поднимать восстание u. подавлять восстание v. провоцировать бунт w. вооруженный мятеж x. тайно руководить восстанием y. применять жесткие меры

2. Give synonyms for the following words and phrases.

to stage (a coup), coup attempt, to foil (a plot), to uncover (a plot), to commit (an act of sabotage), militant, to rebel, to plot, to crack down, to mastermind (a rebellion), to put down (a rebellion), abortive (coup), to bring about (a revolution), to spark off (a riot), to instigate (a riot), (civil) unrest, student (unrest), rebellion, to stage (a rebellion), to lead (a revolt), (a rebellion) breaks out, growing (unrest), coup, plot, to devise (a plot), subversion, (guerrilla) warfare, (guerrilla) raid, rebel

3. Suggest words and expressions that correspond to the following definitions.

1. a secret plan by a group of people to do something bad or illegal, especially in politics

2. a noisy, violent and uncontrolled protest by a crowd of people

3. speech, writing, or actions intended to encourage people to disobey or fight against a government

4. (especially of soldiers or the police) to go around the different parts of an area or building at regular times to check that there is no trouble or danger

5. a member of an unofficial military group that is trying to change the government by making sudden, unexpected attacks on the official armed forces

6. a refusal by a group to accept someone's authority and / or an attempt to take control from people in authority, especially a group of soldiers or sailors

7. to take strong and often violent action against authority, usually with the aim of taking power away from them

8. the action of trying to weaken or destroy the power or influence of a government or an established system, especially by attacking it indirectly in written or spoken material

9. deliberate damage that is done to equipment, weapons or buildings in order to prevent the success of an enemy or competitor

10. someone who tries to remove a government or leader by force

11. a successful attempt by a large group of people to change their government or the political system of their country, usually by force

12. someone who belongs to a group of people fighting to take control of their country by force

13. a group of police, soldiers, vehicles, planes etc sent out to search a particular area

14. an organized attempt by a group of people to take control of their country by force

15. angry or violent behaviour by people who are protesting against something

16. an occasion when a group of people takes control of a country, usually by means of military force

17. someone who fights in a war against an unfair or dishonest government, army etc (used to show approval)

18. to make a determined attempt to stop people doing something bad or illegal

4. Match the words in List A with those in List B to form phrases.

List A	List B
to conspire against to rise to riot in protest to subvert to crack down to put to orchestrate an insurrection an insurgency to stir to trigger popular to hatch coup failed conspiracy to be involved to commit rebel subversive freedom guerrilla to be to patrol	a. unrest b. theory c. coup d. a street e. activities f. a conspiracy g. on patrol h. fighter i. warfare j. in subversion k. troops l. an act of sabotage m. down a rebellion n. the democratic process o. against the government p. in open rebellion q. up a riot r. the state s. off unrest t. on militant groups u. erupts v. sweeps a country w. an uprising x. attempt

5. Fill the gaps in the sentences with prepositions or adverbial particles if necessary.

1. Police are launching a new crackdown ….. drug users.

2. The army is ….. revolt ….. its commanders.

3. He was involved ….. subversive activities.

4. Reynolds was charged ….. conspiracy ….. the government.

5. Radio stations said sailors at a naval base had mutinied ….. their officers.

6. Soldiers went in to put ….. a rebellion.

7. He was suspected ….. masterminding a plot ….. US airlines in East Asia.

8. A riot broke ….. after a police shooting of a local man.

9. Anyone suspected of conspiring ….. the regime was ruthlessly dealt …. .

10. The government plans to clamp ….. illegal militant groups.

11. The people rebelled ….. the harsh new government.

12. Security forces remained ….. patrol until late into the night.

13. The soldiers mutinied ….. the non-payment of wages.

14. They launched a crackdown ….. drug dealers.

15. For several weeks students at the university have been ….. a state of unrest.

16. It needed and wanted to bring ….. a revolution.

17. The plot was discovered before it was carried ….. .

18. They rioted in protest ….. the government.

6. Choose the word or phrase (from the list) that best completes each of the sentences below. Change the grammatical form of the word or phrase if necessary.

to put down, to stage, to commit, to rise against, to riot, militant, to conspire, mutiny, to subvert, guerrilla, to crack down, rebellion, to sabotage, subversive, revolution, attempt

1. City authorities were quick ….. on the rioters.

2. The attack is being seen as a deliberate attempt ….. the peace talks.

3. They were plotting ….. an armed insurrection if negotiations with the government should fail.

4. The 1789 ….. marked the end of the French monarchy.

5. The citizens at last ….. their cruel rulers, drove them from the country, and took power themselves.

6. They were expelled from the country for ….. activities.

7. They say senior clerics ….. with high-ranking intelligence officials to carry out the murders.

8. Herrera knew that if his government failed ….. the revolt, it would spread to outlying areas.

9. Their strategy seems to be widespread but low-level ….. warfare to discredit and destabilize the Phnom Penh government.

10. Crowds ….. throughout the small country and opposition activists demanded that the government step down.

11. The coup ….. was followed by police brutality, executions, and torture.

12. Smith was sentenced to 14 years for plotting ….. the government.

7. Choose the word or phrase (from the list) that best completes each of the sentences below. Change the grammatical form of the word or phrase if necessary.

growing, to trigger, act of sabotage, to carry out, clampdown, rebellious, revolutionary, insurgent, civil, seditious, to crush, patrol, rebel, revolt, to hatch, attempt

1. The bomb went off as an army ….. went by.

2. He has accused opposition parties of ….. a plot to assassinate the Pope.

3. These groups have also been accused of plotting ….. more race riots in Oldham and Bradford.

4. Urban violence and ….. unrest were mushrooming like small bombs threatening to blow up the machine from within.

5. As many as 200 civilians and an unknown number of military personnel died during heavy fighting between government and ….. forces.

6. Shortages in food have added to the ….. unrest in the capital.

7. The new administration has promised a ….. on corruption.

8. A series of coup ….. and mutinies within the armed forces destabilized the regime.

9. The government reported that it had subsequently killed 80 Hutu ….. in a series of raids.

10. The ….. officers, having seized the radio station, broadcast the news of the overthrow of the monarchy.

11. The terrorists were planning ….. to destabilize the country.

12. He fell under suspicion for distributing ….. pamphlets.

8. Translate these sentences. Give synonymous translations if possible.

1. Все население страны восстало против завоевателей.

2. Студенты университета бунтовали как на территории студенческого городка, так и на улицах города.

3. Моряки взбунтовались / подняли бунт и расправились с капитаном и его помощником.

4. Группа офицеров организовала заговор против короля.

5. Его приговорили к десяти годам тюрьмы за подрывную деятельность.

6. Правительство решило принять суровые меры против участников беспорядков.

7. Группа боевиков устроила диверсию на нефтепроводе.

8. Его партия подняла и возглавила восстание против олигархического правительства.

9. Все чувствовали, что кто-то тайно руководит восстанием в стране.

10. Мятеж был жестоко подавлен правительственными войсками.

11. Студенческие волнения охватили всю страну.

12. Государственный переворот был осуществлен в интересах прозападной политической элиты.

13. Ему чудом удалось избежать ареста после неудавшегося государственного переворота.

14. Заговор готовился небольшой группой политиков и военных.

15. Чистая случайность помогла расстроить / раскрыть заговор против короля.

16. Все подходы к городу находятся под контролем повстанцев.

17. Повстанцы применяют тактику партизанской войны.

18. В чем разница между мятежником и борцом за свободу?

19. Их корабль совершает патрулирование вдоль всего побережья.

20. Военизированные группы помогают полиции патрулировать улицы города.