Summary (реферат)

Variant 4

1. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на временную форму глагола. Выпишите сказуемое и укажите его время.

1. Only some compounds will break apart soon.

2. When we came into the classroom the instructor had already explained something new

3. Firefighters usually use hoses and water to fight fires.

4. Terrorism has been historically an important issue in politics around the world.

5. In the Middle Ages fire was a serious threat to every city.

6. The fire brigade was extinguishing a fire at 5 o’clock yesterday.

7. The room begins to fill with smoke.

8. The cadets have their exams soon, so they are working very hard at the moment.

9. Magnesium will burn in the atmosphere of carbon dioxide.

2. Составьте 2 общих вопроса, 2 специальных вопроса и 2 отрицательных предложения к утверждениям из Задания 1.

3. Поставьте прилагательные, данные в скобках, в соответствующую степень сравнения. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Dry powders are the (expensive) extinguishing agents.

2. Carbon dioxide is (heavy) than air.

3. I think colonel Petrov teaches (good) than our previous instructor.

4. My parents say that the (little) I sleep at lectures, the (much) I will know.

5. This earthquake was (powerful) earthquake recorded since 1900.

6. Halogenated agents require (low) concentration for extinguishment.

4. Переведите слова на русский язык и определите, к каким частям речи они относятся. Укажите словообразующий суффикс или префикс.

1. complete – incomplete – completion

2. burn – unburned – burning

3. appear- appearance – disappear

4. produce – production – product

5. grade – gradual – gradually

5. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The cadets are to take five exams in January.

2. A fireman inside the building full of smoke and toxic gases cannot ask for instruction.

3. We were able to put out the fire before much damage was done.

4. We have to get up early on Sundays.

5. We must not locate combustible materials near any sources of ignition.

6. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Подчеркните сказуемое в страдательном залоге.

1. The bridge was being repaired when they came there.

2. The second fire engine was designed by Swedish engineer, Captain John Ericsson.

3. As German was constantly spoken around him, he soon became familiar with the language.

4. Flammable liquids should be kept out of reach of children.

5. Fuel gas is created by heat.

7. Перепишите предложения, выбрав причастие нужной формы. Укажите вид причастия. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The students (interesting, interested) in learning more about the subject, have to go to the library.

2. I heard some (surprising, surprised) news on the radio.

3. We read a (shocking, shocked) report yesterday on the number of children who die at fires.

8. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод герундия.

1. An ammeter is used for measuring electric current.

2. She was sorry for having missed a few classes.

3. On carrying out this experiment, Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction.

4. On heating solutions of the sodium salts decompose.

5. Upon being heated to a high temperature many metallic compounds are decomposed.

9. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните инфинитив. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.

1. This is a good place to work in.

2. The lecture to be followed by a film will take place at 7.

3. There were many problems to be solved in order to understand this phenomenon.

4. There were many problems to be solved in order to understand these phenomena.

5. It takes the rays of the sun 8 minutes to get to the earth.

6. The substance to be analyzed should be pure.

10. Прочитайте текст.

Search and Rescue

Rescue operations consist of searching for and removing trapped occupants of hazardous conditions. Search patterns include movement against room walls (to prevent rescuers from becoming lost or disoriented) and methodical searches of specific areas by designated teams.

Searches for trapped victims are exhaustively detailed, often including searches of cupboards, closets, and under beds. The search is divided into two stages, the primary and secondary. The primary search is conducted quickly and thoroughly, typically beginning in the area closest to the fire as it is subjected to the highest risk of exposure. The secondary search only begins once the fire is under control, and is always (resources and personnel permitting) performed by a different team from that which did the primary search.

Searching a building is normally a two to three man team. The most common way to search a building that is filled with smoke is to crawl on hands and knees with an axe (or any other tool) in the firefighter's left hand. The firefighter will keep one hand on the wall, or a foot in contact at all times with the wall.

It is also important to remember that the firefighter needs to check the floor before he moves into the room.

Rescue operations may also involve the extrication of victims of motor vehicle crashes. Here firefighters use spreaders, cutters, and hydraulic rams, collectively called hydraulic rescue tools - known better to the public as Jaws of Life - to remove metal from the patient, followed by actually removing the patient, usually on a backboard with collar, and transferring to a waiting ambulance crew in the cold zone.

Rescue operations require extensive technical training. Rescuer must have medical training to perform any technical rescue operation. Accordingly, firefighters involved in rescue operations have some kind of medical training as first responders, emergency medical technicians, paramedics or nurses.