Summary (реферат)

Variant 7

1. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на временную форму глагола. Выпишите сказуемое и укажите его время.

1. Dry chemicals are very effective on shock risk fires.

2. I am seeing a dentist tomorrow morning.

3. Our cadets have not come back from their holidays yet.

4. The rescuers had performed their operation by 18 p.m. yesterday.

5. Every year a lot of wildfires occur because of lightning and holiday-makers..

6. The fire was the first form of portable light and heat.

7. My elder brother is looking for a job of a taxi driver.

8. We were taking our English exam the whole morning yesterday.

9. Great fires in Europe resulted in the development of efficient fire equipment.

2. Составьте 2 общих вопроса, 2 специальных вопроса и 2 отрицательных предложения к утверждениям из Задания 1.

3. Поставьте прилагательные, данные в скобках, в соответствующую степень сравнения. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Which is (effective) extinguishing agent for high temperature cooking oil?

2. That flood was (bad) the rescuers ever faced.

3. (Many) and (many) wildfires occur every year.

4. Our educational institution is one of the (good) in the country.

5. Vaporizing extinguishing agents which are (heavy) than air can be used to blanket fire.

6. Fires travelling (fast) uphill are so often the case.

4. Переведите слова на русский язык и определите, к каким частям речи они относятся. Укажите словообразующий суффикс или префикс.

1. ignite – ignition

2. gas – gaseous

3. hazard – hazardous

4. proper – improper – properly

5. flame – flammable – flameless

5. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. We are to take exams in a fortnight.

2. The arrival of rapid response team can have a calming effect on people.

3. They will be able to escape using fire exits.

4. Care should be taken extinguishing energized electrical equipment.

5. The fire brigade must respond very quickly.

6. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Подчеркните сказуемое в страдательном залоге.

1. The police officer was sent for.

2. I was told to take my protective gear.

3. More effective breathing apparatus are being designed nowadays.

4. Water is delivered through hoses and nozzles are used to expel it.

5. Flammables shouldn’t be kept within reach of children.

7. Перепишите предложения, выбрав причастие нужной формы. Укажите вид причастия. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The plant (producing, produced) firefighting tools was opened by Gustav List in the early 1900s.

2. A (falling, fallen) piece of wood comes to the ground faster than a piece of paper.

3. Firefighters (put out, putting out) fires are heroes in the eyes of children.

8. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод герундия.

1. A water tender is used for transporting water to the fire scene.

2. Some cadets do not show any interest in studying hydraulics.

3. The motor kept on rotating owing to its inertia.

4. I am not interested in attending the lecture of that man, it is boring.

5. Sometimes ordinary people aid in assisting the rescuers whatever the disaster is.

9. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните инфинитив. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.

1. To ventilate the room we opened the windows to let out smoke and toxic gases.

2. He is not the man to rely upon.

3. Pressure causes dry chemicals to expel.

4. To explain this phenomenon is very easy.

5. Sodium is soft enough to be easily cut with a knife.

6. Mention is to be made of high risks in mountains due to avalanches and landslides.

10. Прочитайте текст:

Ordinary Combustible Fires

This class of fire is commonly used in controlled circumstances, such as a campfire, match or wood-burning stove. To use the campfire as an example, it has a fire tetrahedron - the heat is provided by another fire (such as a match or lighter), the fuel is the wood, the oxygen is naturally available in the open-air environment of a forest, and the chemical reaction links the three other facets. This fire is not dangerous, because the fire is contained to the wood alone and is usually isolated from other flammable materials, for example by bare ground and rocks. However, when a class-A fire burns in a less-restricted environment the fire can quickly grow out of control and become a wildfire. This is the case when firefighting and fire control techniques are required.

This class of fire is fairly simple to fight and contain - by simply removing the heat, oxygen, or fuel, or by suppressing the underlying chemical reaction, the fire tetrahedron collapses and the fire dies out. The most common way to do this is by removing heat by spraying the burning material with water; oxygen can be removed by smothering the fire with foam from a fire extinguisher.

As these fires are the most commonly encountered, most fire departments have equipment to handle them specifically. While this is acceptable for most ordinary conditions, most firefighters find themselves having to call for special equipment such as foam in the case of other fires.