Модальные глаголы can, may, must
Модальные глаголы обозначают возможность, способность, необходимость совершения действия, выраженного инфинитивом следующего за ним смыслового глагола.
После модальных глаголов can, may, must инфинитив употребляется без частицы to.
Вопросительные предложения с этими модальными глаголами образуются путем постановки can, may, must перед подлежащим, а отрицательные предложения – добавлением частицы not к модальному глаголу.
Модальный глагол |
Употребление |
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1. can мочь, уметь |
Выражает возможность или способность / неспособность совершать действия: |
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I can play the piano |
Я умею играть на пианино. |
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Can you translate this text? |
Можешь ли ты перевести этот текст? |
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He cannot (can't) speak German. |
Он не может говорить по-немецки. |
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2. may можно, может быть, нельзя (в отрицательных |
Выражает разрешение, запрет (в отрицательных предложениях) на совершение действия:
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предложениях) |
May I come in? – Yes, you may. (Do, please.) – No, you mustn't. |
Можно мне войти? – Да, пожалуйста. – Нет, нельзя. |
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You may not leave the navigation bridge now. |
Вам нельзя сейчас покидать мостик. |
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3. must должен, обязан |
Выражает необходимость, обязательность совершения действия: |
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You must do it. |
Вы должны это сделать. |
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– Must the ship call at this port? – Yes, it must. – No, it needn't. |
– Должно судно зайти в этот порт? – Да (должно). – Нет (не нужно). |
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The children mustn't watch TV so often. |
Дети не должны смотреть телевизор так часто. |
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1. Use the necessary word can, may, must and finish the sentences.
1. I (умею) write in English. 2. He (может) swim well. 3. Mary, (разрешите) I smoke here? 4. You (должен) write to your parents. 5. They (обязаны) be in the classroom in time. 6. (Можно) I go home? 7. Jack, you (можешь) take my dictionary. 8. She (не должна) stay here too long. 9. (Можно) I go out? 10. My father (имеет возможность) show us his ship next Sunday. 11. Pete (должен) stay at college after classes today. 12. We (можем) ask the watch officer about it. 13. Jack (должен) know how to repair this equipment. 14. We (имеем возможность) come to see our teacher any time we like.
2. Make each sentence negative or interrogative.
1. The navigator may leave the bridge when on watch. 2. The engineer must keep the main engine in good condition. 3. The motormen must lubricate the equipment. 4. The second engineer can repair this engine. 5. The navigator must take over and hand over the watch every four hours. 6. The forth engineer can plot the ship's course. 7. The radio officer may transmit this telegram in an hour. 8. The bosun must keep safety equipment in good condition. 9. She may visit the bridge. 10. These sailors can perform duties properly.
3. Find the questions the answers to which are:
Yes, do, please.
No, you (I, he, she, we, they) mustn't.
No, you (I, he, she, we, they) needn't.
1. May I speak Russian at the English lesson? 2. Must the cadets stay after classes? 3. May I phone you tomorrow? 4. Must Nick do it now? 5. May I leave the navigation bridge now? 6. May I take your dictionary? 7. Must we clean the hull today? 8. May I come in? 9. May I stay on shore till 11 p.m.? 10. Must the teacher explain this rule once more? 11. May I open the window? 12. Must I repair this equipment? 13. May I ask you a question? 14. May the ship enter this port without a pilot? 15. May I determine the ship's position?
4. Translate the sentences into English.
1. Вы можете идти домой. 2. Можно мне взять эту книгу? – Нет, нельзя. 3. Можно мне помочь вам? – Да, можно. 4. Вы умеете переводить технические тексты? – Нет, не умею. 5. Я не умею читать по-немецки. 6. Должен Сергей пойти в библиотеку? – Нет, не надо. 7. Борисов болен. Вы должны навестить его. 8. Должны они присутствовать на лекции? – Да, должны. 9. Мы должны завтра приходить в университет? – Нет, не нужно. 10. Он может кататься на коньках? – Нет, не может.
5. Complete the sentences with can, may, must (can't, may not, mustn't) and reproduce the dialogues.
1. |
B. No, I … . A. Why not? B. I'm not a navigator. I'm a bosun. |
2. |
A. … I visit your engine room? B. No, you … A. Why not? B. You … get our captain's permission for that. |
3. |
A. … you repair the equipment in the engine room? B. Yes, I'm the third engineer. A. And what about your friend? B. As to him, he … do it. He is a navigator. |
4. |
A. … you come back on board the ship at 8p.m.? B. No, I … . A. Why not? B. I've got the Master's permission to be on leave up to 10 p.m. |
5. |
A. … the fourth engineer take over at 8 a.m.? B. Yes, he …. And he … hand over in four hours. A. So, he is free after 12. B. Right. And he … have rest for eight hours. |
6. |
A. … you leave the bridge for some minutes? B. No, I … . I'm on watch now and I … hand over in half an hour. A. OK. I … wait for you. B. Where … I find you? A. In my cabin, I think. |
7. |
A. … you keep watch till 1 p.m.? B. No, I … . I … hand over at 12. A. And who … take the watch over? B. The second engineer … . |
LESSON 2
1. Read and translate the text.
The Ship's Crew and Their Duties
There is a lot of complex equipment on board modern ships so it is necessary to have skilled crews to operate the ships. Usually there are at least two departments on every ship: the deck department and the engine department.
There are four navigators, some radio-officers, a bosun, all sailors in the deck department.
The Master is responsible for the ship, her cargo and the crew. He must be an experienced navigator.
The Chief Officer is the Master's main assistant and the head of the Deck Department. He must be always ready to replace the Master and perform his duties.
All the navigators must keep watch on the navigation bridge. They may not leave it when on watch. The navigators must know how to determine the ship's position, plot her route on charts, take bearings, hand over and take over the watch every four hours.
Radio Officers must keep watch in the radio-room and are responsible for radio communications. There is often one or two Radio Officers on board the ship.
A bosun and sailors must keep the ship's hull, holds and tackle in good condition.
There are four marine engineers, two or three electro engineers and electricians, some pumpmen and motormen in the Engine Department. They must keep watch in the engine room. But the Chief Engineer mustn't keep watch as he is in charge of the engine department, its crew and all equipment of the engine room.
The main assistant of the Chief engineer is the second marine engineer. He must keep the main engine in good serviceable condition. He is also responsible for the fire equipment. The third engineer must keep auxiliary engines in good repair. He is also responsible for fuel supply (bunkering). As to the forth engineer he is in charge of the boiler. All members of the engine department must maintain and repair the equipment. They must overhaul, clean and lubricate all machinery of the engine room.
2. Fill in the blanks with necessary words or word-combinations given below in the box.
skilled radio-communication serviceable repair responsible for in charge of maintain experienced complex condition auxiliary engines replace keep watch perform |
1. There is a lot of … equipment on board the ships so it is necessary to have … crews to operate the ships.
2. The Master is … the ship, her cargo and the crew. He must be an … Navigator.
3. The Chief Officer must be always ready to … the Master and … his duties.
4. All the navigators must … on the navigating bridge.
5. Radio Officers are responsible for … .
6. A bosun and sailors must keep the ship's hull, holds and tackle in … .
7. The Chief Engineer is … the engine department.
8. The 2-nd Engineer must keep the main engine in good … .
9. The 3-d Engineer must keep … in good repair.
10. All members of the engine department must … and … the equipment.
3. Using the information of the text answer the questions:
a)
Who |
is responsible for the ship, her cargo and the crew? are the members of the deck department? is the head of the deck department? is the Master's main assistant? must keep watches on the navigation bridge? is responsible for radio communications? must keep watches in the radio room? is in charge of the ship's hull, holds and tackle? |
b) What are the duties of navigators (radio officers, a bosun and sailors)? What must they do when on watch? (and what mustn't?)
4. Scan the text and differentiate between the duties of the members of the engine department.
a)
The Chief Engineer
The 2nd Engineer Officer
The 3d Engineer Officer
The 4th Engineer Officer |
is responsible for is in charge of |
fuel supply fire fighting equipment the main engine the boiler the maintenance of all machinery on board fuel supply maintenance of the engine room auxiliary machinery engine department |
b) What are the duties of marine engineers (motormen, pumpmen)? What must they do when on watch? (and what mustn't?)
5. Work in pairs. Ask your study partner about the duties of the engine room crew.
6. Answer the questions and complete the dialogue. Reproduce it.
A: Hallo, I have got your invitation and now I'm here to go around your ship.
B: Hi, glad to meet you. Welcome on board.
A: First of all may I visit the engine room?
B: I'm afraid not. You must get the Chief engineer's permission for that. And he is ashore now.
A: It's a pity.
B: But I can tell you about our engine department.
A: All right then. Who are the members of the engine department?
B: …
A: Oh, I see. Must all marine engineers keep watch in the engine room?
B: …
A: So the second engineer is in charge of the main engine, isn't he?
B: …
A: And what about the other machinery? Who is responsible for it?
B: …
A: Must they overhaul it regularly?
B: …
A: It's clear. And what about the engine room ratings? What are their duties?
B: …
A: And is it possible to visit the bridge?
B: I think so. There is a lot of complex equipment there. And after that we can go to our messroom and have dinner.
A: Oh, thank you.
UNIT 4. Daily routine
as a rule |
[rHl] |
как правило |
as much as |
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так много, как; как можно больше |
attend |
[q'tend] |
посещать |
be over |
['ouvq] |
заканчиваться |
brush |
[brAS] |
чистить |
campus |
['kxmpqs] |
студенческий городок |
college hostel |
['kOliG 'hOstql] |
общежитие |
comb one's hair |
[koum hFq] |
причесываться |
daily routine |
['deili rH'tJn] |
распорядок дня |
difficult |
['difikqlt] |
трудный |
eat |
[Jt] |
есть, кушать |
find |
[fQind] |
находить |
get |
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получать |
go to bed |
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ложиться спать |
hard |
[hRd] |
усердно |
inspection |
[ins'pekSn] |
проверка |
keep fit |
[kJp fit] |
держаться в форме |
knowledge |
['nOliG] |
знания |
last |
[lRst] |
длиться, продолжаться |
line up |
[lQin Ap] |
строиться |
listen to |
[lisn] |
слушать |
look through |
[luk TrH] |
просматривать |
make a bed |
[meIk] |
заправлять постель |
make tour |
[meik tuq] |
делать обход |
prepare |
[pri'pFq] |
готовить(ся) |
put on |
[put] |
надевать |
read |
[rJd] |
читать |
relax |
[ri'lxks] |
расслабиться |
subject |
['sAbGikt] |
предмет |
take notes |
[nouts] |
конспектировать |
tidy up |
['tQidi Ap] |
убирать |
tooth (teeth) |
[tHT (tJT)] |
зуб (зубы) |
try |
[trQi] |
стараться, пытаться |
twice |
[twQis] |
дважды |
uniform |
['jHnifLm] |
форма (курсантская) |
wash |
[wOS] |
мыть(ся) |
watch TV |
[wOC] |
смотреть ТВ |
LESSON 1
Present Indefinite
Формы глагола в Present Indefinite совпадают с инфинитивом без частицы to. Лишь в 3-м лице единственного числа добавляется суффикс -s.
Это время употребляется для выражения действия, происходящего обычно, регулярно, или для обозначения вневременных фактов и явлений:
I get up at seven every day. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. |
Я встаю в семь утра каждый день. Солнце всходит на востоке и заходит на западе. |
Наречия неопределённого времени
Наречия неопределённого времени: usually (обычно), sometimes (иногда), seldom (редко), often (часто), never (никогда), always (всегда) стоят перед смысловым глаголом. Наречия once a week (один раз в неделю), twice a week (дважды в неделю), every week (каждую неделю) ставятся в конце предложения.
Вопросительная форма образуется с помощью do или does и первой формы смыслового глагола.
Do you type? Does she work on Saturdays? |
Вы печатаете на машинке? Она работает по субботам? |
Специальные вопросы строятся с помощью вопросительных слов where, when, why, how often, whose, what, вспомогательных глаголов do или does и первой формы смыслового глагола. Исключение составляют вопросы к подлежащему, начинающиеся с вопросительных слов who/what, которые задаются без вспомогательного глагола добавлением окончания -s к смысловому глаголу.
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Where
When
Why
What
How often
do
does
your parents
his mother
go to the cinema?
prepare dinner?
Отрицательная форма образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола do или does с частицей not и первой формы смыслового глагола.
I do not (don't) like to go long distances. He does not (doesn't) like to go home by bus. |
Мне не нравится ходить на дальние дистанции. Ему не нравится возвращаться домой на автобусе. |
1. Complete each sentence using the correct form of the verb in brackets.
Example: Jake (get up) late on Sundays. – Jake gets up late on Sundays.
I (live) in London with my friends and my parents (live) in Canada.
We (have) dinner at eight o'clock every day, but on Saturday we (go) out.
Her sister is a teacher. She (work) at a primary school.
School (start) at 8.30.
On Tuesday afternoons, we (do) Art and Design.
Charlie (come) from Ireland.
He (work) during the day.
You (speak) English and your cousin (speak) Spanish.
Mr. and Mrs. Robinson (go) to the market every Friday.
April and June (have) thirty days.
She (make) fantastic cakes.
Ray (say) his friend Mike (phone) every day.
I (love) Italy and I (go) there every summer.
You (come) from a large family.
I (have) piano lessons at school.
My grandfather (make) really good bread.
2. Complete each sentence with do or does, don't or doesn't.
… you live in London? – Yes, I …
… your mother work in a bank? – No, she … . She's a teacher.
… your friends work in computers? – Yes, they … .
… you live with your parents? – No, I … . I have a room at the university.
… they come from England? – No, they … . They come from Scotland.
… you have homework every day? – Yes, we … .
… your brother play football? – No, he … .
… I know you? – No, you … . My name is Serge.
… we put out the rubbish on Tuesday? – Yes, we … .
… your cousin like popcorn? – No, she … . But she likes chocolate.
3. Tell that your friend does the same as you do.
Model 1: to go to the swimming-pool
I go to the swimming-pool every Sunday. My friend goes to the swimming-pool every Sunday too.
To get up at 7 a.m.; to put on uniform; to line up for morning inspection; to go to the university by bus; to attend consultation hours; to go to the gym; to speak two foreign languages.
Мodel 2: to go to the swimming-pool
I don't go to the swimming-pool every Sunday. My friend doesn't go to the swimming-pool every Sunday.
To live in the college hostel; to have breakfast at 9; to visit museums; to phone parents; to walk in the park; to leave for the university at 8 o'clock; to attend sports club; to watch TV in the morning; to do home work after supper.
4. Choose the correct form.
A: Do / Does you fall asleep quickly?
B: Yes, I do / does. I don't / doesn't watch TV, I just go / goes to sleep immediately.
A: Do / Does you use an alarm clock?
B: No, I don't / doesn't. My mum get / gets up first, then she wakes / wake me up.
A: Do / Does anyone in your family have strange sleep habits?
B: Yes, my brother do / does. He talk / talks in his sleep but he don't / doesn't wake up.
5. Make up questions to the words in italics.
My friend studies at the Marine Engineering Faculty.
The third engineer keeps watch in the engine room.
I take over at 8 o'clock.
Two pumpmen repair the equipment in the engine room.
The Chief mate plots the ship's course on charts.
6. Ask your study partner:
About the work and duties of navigators;
About the work and duties of marine engineers.
LESSON 2
1. Read and translate the text.
Nick's story about his working day
I'm a first-year cadet of the Marine Engineering faculty of the State Technical University. All cadets live in the college hostel. We get up at 7 o'clock. I wash my hands and face, brush my teeth and comb my hair. Then we put on our uniforms, clean our shoes, make our beds and tidy up our rooms. At 8 a.m. we go to the messroom and have our breakfast there. At 8:30 we line up for the morning inspection. After that we take our textbooks and note-books and go to the classes.
The classes begin at 9 o'clock. We have 6 lessons a day. The classes last till a quarter past two in the afternoon. We have short intervals between classes. I usually take some notes at the lectures. I try to get as much knowledge as I can. I work hard at engineering graphics and math as I find them quite difficult subjects.
When the classes are over we go to the messroom. As a rule we have some soup and fried fish or meat with vegetables for dinner. After dinner we clean the territory of the campus. Then we have consultation hours. As to me I attend consultations in engineering drawing and English. In the afternoon the cadets have time to look through their notes. I usually go to the reading room to prepare for seminars and practical lessons. Those cadets who want to keep fit go to the gym. As to me I'm fond of swimming and go to the swimming pool twice a week.
At 6 p.m. the cadets line up again and go to the messroom to have supper there. In the evening the cadets do their home-work for the next day. Some cadets try to relax in the evenings, so they listen to music, watch TV or read something. We line up for the evening inspection at 10 p.m. We go to bed late in the evening or near midnight. Twice a week we are on leave – on Wednesday and on Sunday.
2. Answer the questions about your daily routine comparing it with Nick's one.
a)
Nick is a first-year cadet of the Marine Engineering faculty of the State Technical University. And you?
Nick lives in the college hostel. What about you?
All cadets get up at 7 o'clock. Do you get up at this time?
At 8 the cadets go to the messroom and have our breakfast there. Where do you have breakfast?
At 8:30 Nick and his friends line up for the morning inspection. Must you be present at it? At what time do you come to the University? How do you get there?
b)
When the classes are over Nick goes to the messroom to eat dinner. What about you?
Do you take part in cleaning the territory of the campus?
Nick attends the consultations in some subjects. And you?
In the afternoon Nick prepares for seminars and practical lessons in the reading room. When and where do you prepare for the classes?
Nick is fond of sports. How about you? Do you go to the gym? Maybe you have another hobby?
How do you spend evenings?
3. Work in pairs. Ask your study partner about:
his morning;
his classes;
his afternoon time;
his evening.
4. Make up a dialogue according to the situation: "You meet your former classmate. He is interested where you study and how you spend your day because he wants to invite you to go out". Begin your dialogue with the following:
Classmate: Hallo, I haven't seen you since we left school. Do you work or study?
You: …
Classmate: As far as I know all cadets must live in the college hostel. What about you?
You: …
Classmate: So you get up very early every day.
You: …
LESSON 3
1. Look at the different ways of telling the time on shore and at sea.
2. Complete the times.
3. Read the text about the watchkeeping on ships.
Seagoing time is reckoned from midnight 0000 hours to midnight. This period is divided into six parts, and each part is called a watch.
On board British ships these watches are called:
middle watch 0000 hours – 0400 hours (o-one hundred – zero-four hundred);
morning watch 0400 hours – 0800 hours (zero-four hundred – zero-eight hundred so on);
forenoon watch 0800 hours – 1200 hours;
afternoon watch 1200 hours – 1600 hours;
evening watch 1600 hours – 2000 hours;
first watch 2000 hours – 2400 hours.
On board Russian and Scandinavian ships the watches have different names from the English ones:
the twelve to four watch.
the four to eight watch.
the eight to twelve watch.
seagoing |
мореходный |
is reckoned |
рассчитывается |
is divided |
делится |
is called |
называется |
4. Listen to the CD and look at the pictures. The third Officer talks about his day. Write the times above each picture.
5.
Look at the table and speak about the daily routine of the 4th
Engineer. Add some details which are not mentioned in the table.
Daily Routine
0700 get up |
0730 have breakfast |
0750 go to the engine room |
0800 take over and start working perform duties of a watch engineer maintain repair lubricate |
1030 drink coffee |
1200 hand over |
1215 eat lunch (dinner) |
1300 have rest sleep listen to music read books play chess watch movies |
1600 have tea |
1700 go in for sports |
1930 have supper prepare for watch |
2000 start work in the engine room |
2400 hand over have tea and go to bed |
0030 sleep after tea |
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LESSON 4. Free time activities (additional lesson)
1. Say what you like doing in your free time (and what you don't like).
I really like … I like … I don't like … I really don't like … |
playing football (basketball, volleyball, guitar, chess) watching movies swimming going to bars reading books playing computer games fishing shopping repairing smth. (cars, mechanisms) watching TV listening to music eating in cafe going in for sports skiing skating playing ice hockey |
2. Ask a study partner about his likes and dislikes.
Example:
– What do you like doing?
– I like fishing but I really don't like swimming! And you?
– Oh, I like swimming but I don't like lying in the sun.
3. There are different types of film. Say what films you like and don't like.
comedy western horror action science fiction romance war musical |
great / excellent very good quite good good OK not bad bad really bad awful / terrible |
4. Discuss with your study partner what films you like and don't like.
5. Listen to the CD. Two seafarers talk about films. Tick the films they talk about.
science fiction |
|
war |
|
western |
|
action |
|
romance |
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musical |
|
horror |
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comedy |
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6. Now read the dialogue. What type of film does the Helmsman like?
Helmsman: What time do you finish your watch this afternoon?
2nd Officer: At 1600.
Helmsman: OK, let's watch a movie.
2nd Officer: Yeah, OK. What do you want to watch?
Helmsman: Well… Captain Landucci wants everyone to watch a safety video.
2nd Officer: What? I'd prefer to watch a comedy. I'm in the mood for a good laugh.
Helmsman: Uh huh, some comedies are OK, but I really like action movies!
2nd Officer: No way! They are awful! Those Rambo movies are really bad!
Helmsman: OK, let's watch the safety film first, then choose a good video.
2nd Officer: Yeah, I'm sure there's a new horror film that's very good.
Helmsman: Well, anything except musicals – they're terrible! OK, see you at four o'clock.
2nd Officer: OK, see you.
LABORATORY WORK 1
1. Fill in the blanks with the correct subject pronoun.
Our ship isn't at sea. … is at anchor in the port.
My friend is absent from the lessons. … is not well.
The engine is out of order. … is under repair now.
My watch is wrong, … is 5 min slow.
Are you well? – No, … am not. …'m ill.
Nick and Mark are my friends. … are cadets.
My mother is here. … is never late.
These are Olga and Pavel. … are married.
My father is a Chief engineer. … is responsible for the engine room.
Is Peter on watch? No, … isn't. … is on leave.
2. Fill in the blanks with the correct subject pronoun.
Good morning. ... am Kelly and this is Alex. ... are in Class 9A.
Mr and Mrs Smith are from Canada. … are Canadian.
Ronaldo is from Brazil. ... is a football player.
This is Laura. … is my sister. … is eighteen years old.
You and I are both in class 9S, but … am thirteen and ... are fourteen.
That's the new Disney film. … is on at the Rex cinema.
This is Jack and this is Eliza. … are both in class 8C.
Simon and Vanessa are Australian. …'re from Sydney.
Your father's here. …'s in the garage.
You and your sister are tennis players. …'re very good.
3. Complete the dialogues with my, your, her, its, his, our, their.
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A: Who is that? B: It's my girlfriend. … name is Flora. |
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A: Who's … favourite team, Jason? B: … favourite team? Manchester United, of course! |
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A: This is Jane and this is Dave. … dog is Buster. B: That's a funny name! |
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A: Is Mexico City very big? B: Yes. … population is 27,872,000. |
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A: Are you and Antonio Spanish? B: No, we're Italian. … family name is Moretti. |
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A: Susie! Clair! Come on, … mother's here! B: OK. |
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A: Where are these boys from? B: Scotland. … flat is in the centre of Edinburgh. |
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A: Do you live with … grandparents? B: No, I live in the city and … grandparents live in the country. |
4. Complete the captions and speech bubbles with possessive adjectives and subjects pronouns.
5. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb to be.
We … seamen. This … our vessel. The vessel … not very big. She … small and fast. Our ship … not at sea now. She … in the port. She … at anchor.
It … a classroom. The classroom … large and light. It … not free. The cadets … in the classroom. My friend and I … in the classroom too. We … busy with our English. The cadets … at their desks. The teacher … in the classroom too. She … not at her table. She … at the blackboard.
6. Make the sentences interrogative and negative.
1. He is on leave in the afternoon. 2. The second mate is in the port. 3. I am free today. 4. My friend and I are at our desk. 5. Oleg is at home. 6. The car is under repair. 7. She is responsible for this work. 8. We are late. 9. The cadets are on watch. 10. These documents are ready. 11. She is well today. 12. I am always busy.
7. Complete the questions and answers. Write the conversations.
Example:
-
the teacher / English?
– Is the teacher English?
+ She / from Manchester
– Yes, she is. She's from Manchester.
Hyde Park / near here?
– Is Hyde Park near here?
– It / two kilometers away
– No, it isn't. It's two kilometers away.
A: your sister / at school? …
B: – She / at university …
A: it / a museum? …
B: – It / an art gallery …
A: your parents / both doctors? …
B: – My mother / a doctor. My father / a vet …
A: we / in the same class? …
B: + You / in class 9 ...
A: You and your brother / good at football? …
B: + We / in the school team …
A: Their children / at school? …
B: – They / at college …
A: Your hotel / near hear? …
B: + It / in the next street …
8. Complete the dialogue with who, what, where and the correct form of to be.
A: Hi.
B: Hello.
A: My name's Dolores. … your name?
B: My name is Ali.
A: Pleased to meet you, Ali. … you from?
B: I'… from Egypt.
A: … you here for the welcome party?
B: Yes, I … .
A: … it?
B: It' … in Room 6.
A: … ... the people over there?
B: The people next to the window?
A: Yes.
B: They' … students too.
A: … they from? They …n't from this school.
B: They' … from "Grange Valley".
A: …'s "Grange Valley"? ... it a school?
B: Yes, it' … the local secondary school.
A: … it?
B: It's next to the swimming pool, on Valley Road.
A: Oh, I know. Come on. Let's go and talk to them.
9. Rewrite the sentences using the correct demonstrative adjective.
Who are these / those people over there?
Excuse me. Is those / this seat free?
Is this / that blonde girl in the next office your cousin?
Here you are. These / Those flowers will cheer you up.
I like these / that picture behind you.
Can I have copies of this / these photos?
I come here often. I like walking in that / this park.
You look good in these / those shoes.
See you here again, I hope. This / That club is great!
Pass me this / that CD, please.
I've got plenty of mineral water. Here, take this / that bottle.
Does this / that new jacket suit me?
Do you like these / those jeans up there on the top shelf?
Who was this / that boy in the café?
I can't walk in these / those boots. I'm going to take them off.
This / That restaurant across the square looks good. Let's go there.
These / Those English people at your party were great fun.
Is this / that diary on the table Lucy's?
What's this / that terrible noise?
Here you are. Are these / those maps of any good to you?
Prepositions of place
Prepositions of place: in, on, under, next to, behind, in front of, between
10. Choose the correct position to complete the sentences.
Example: The computer is on the table.
The lamp is … the computer.
The table is … the window.
The letter is … the envelope.
The mouse is … the envelope.
The magazine is … the television.
The apples are … the box.
The pencils are … the floor.
The cat is … the chair.
The chocolates are … the chair.
The box is … the table.
11. Where are the things now? Look at the picture and write sentences.
The computer…
The television…
The lamp…
The apples…
The cat….
The chocolates…
The mouse…
The letter…
The envelope…
The pencils…
12. Translate into English.
а)
Этот курсант отсутствует, потому что (because) он болен.
Я не готов к урокам сегодня, потому что я плохо себя чувствую.
Они опаздывают на работу, потому что их машина не в порядке.
Тот моряк сейчас не занят, потому что он не на вахте. Он свободен.
Эти судоводители ответственны за вахту на мостике.
Ваше судно в море или на якоре в порту?
Его часы в порядке или в ремонте?
Я не прав. Они присутствуют на лекции. Они не опоздали.
Вы увлекаетесь компьютером. Я прав?
Вы не несете ответственности за курсантов, если (if) они не присутствуют на уроке.
b)
Этот человек – судомеханик.
Мой товарищ – не капитан. Он – второй помощник.
Вы заняты сегодня? – Да, я очень занят. Я на вахте.
Он свободен вечером? – Нет. Он на вахте на судне, которое (which) стоит на якоре в порту.
Вы готовы к занятиям? – Нет, я не готов, к сожалению. – Почему вы не готовы к занятиям? – Я не готов к занятиям, потому что я плохо себя чувствую.
Они – друзья? – Да, они – хорошие друзья. Где они сейчас? – Они – на большом судне в море.
c)
Это – машинное отделение. Машинное отделение находится на судне. Это – моторист. Он находится в машинном отделении. А это – старший механик. Он не в машинном отделении. Он в своей каюте.
Боцман в каюте? – Нет, он – на палубе.
Капитан – на мостике. Радиооператор тоже на мостике? – Нет, он в радиорубке.
Где кок? – Он на камбузе. Лоцман – на палубе? – Нет, он на мостике. Где матросы? Они в трюме? – Нет, матросы у мачты (mast).
Что это? – Это двигатель. Двигатель в машинном отделении. Он не на палубе.
The verb have got (have) / has got (has)
Remember:
I have got / I've got a sister.
I haven't got / I've not got a sister. But I have no sister.
13. Write sentences with the correct form of have got (have).
Example: Jo / + / a bicycle
Jo's got a bicycle. (Jo has a bicycle.)
Bill / – / a dictionary
Bill hasn't got a dictionary. (Bill has no dictionary.)
Sara / ? / a computer
Has Sara got a computer? (Has Sara a computer?)
+ / she – / she
Yes, she has. No, she hasn't.
Gemma / + / long hair.
Sophie and her sister / + / curly hair.
We / – / a house. We / + / a flat.
they / ? / cousins in Australia. / – / they. They / + / cousins in New Zealand.
you and your brother both / ? / green eyes. / – / we. I / + / green eyes. My brother / + / brown eyes.
you / ? / a computer. / + / I.
Ben / ? / a cassette player in his car. / – / he. He / + / a CD player.
they / ? / a video camera. / + / they.
What / you / ? / in the bag. I / + / a new jacket.
Who / ? / a pen. I / – / a pen. I / + / a pencil.
14. Answer the questions using have got (have) with and or but. Remember to put in a / an where necessary.
Example: Has Maria got a computer? – Yes / she / CD player
Yes, she has, and she's got a CD player.
Has Robert a bicycle? – No / he / motorbike
No, he hasn't, but he's got a motorbike.
Has Sam got a football? – No / he / basketball
Have you got the new Ricky Martin album? – Yes / I / his new video
Has Jack got a dog? – No / he / cat
Have they got new T-shirts? – Yes / they / new jeans
Have you got a new motorcycle? – No / I / new bicycle
Has she got blue eyes? – Yes / she / long blond hair
Have you got a computer in your classroom? – No / we / computer in the library
Has your school got a gymnasium? – Yes / it / swimming pool
Have we got tickets for the concert? – Yes / we / good seats
Have I got your pen? – Yes / you / my pencil
Have you got Laurence's phone number? – Yes / I / his e-mail address
Has the hotel got a swimming pool? – No / it / sauna
15. Write descriptions using the information in the charts.
Example:
Hakan (boy)
age |
height |
hair |
eyes |
14 |
tall |
short black |
blue |
Hakan is fourteen. He's tall. He's got short black hair and he's got blue eyes.
Melissa (girl)
age |
height |
hair |
eyes |
13 |
quite tall |
long red |
green |
Melissa …
Darren and Samantha (boy and girl)
age |
height |
hair |
eyes |
14 |
medium height |
very short blond |
brown |
Darren and Samantha …
Ryan (boy)
age |
height |
hair |
eyes |
15 |
short |
medium length, fair |
blue |
Ryan …
Write a similar description of yourself.
I …
LABORATORY WORK 2
I. There is, there are: positive, negative, questions and short answers
1. Complete the sentences with there is or there are.
Example: There are ten computers in our computer room.
... two ships in the port.
... three lamps in this room.
... an AB on deck next to the railings.
They've got a big vessel. ... five decks in it.
... a safety equipment on board the ship.
... seven days in a week.
... a photo of my boyfriend in the newspaper.
... many ratings in the messroom.
... two big main engines in the engine room.
… an engineer in the pump room.
2. Make sentences using there is or there are. Remember to use the correct preposition – in, on, at.
Example: a big elephant / zoo – There's a big elephant at the zoo.
three apples / bag
five students / garden
two books / table
twelve plates / cupboard
two lamps / desk
a small mouse / cage
a painting by Monet / wall
two big dogs / garden
only one clean cup / kitchen
many ships / at sea
3. Complete the sentences with there is, there are, there isn't, there aren't, is there or are there.
Example: A: Is there a big sofa in your sitting room?
B: Yes, there is.
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A: ... a table in your room? B: No, but ... a chair. |
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A: How many rooms ... in your house? B: ... six. |
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A: ... a carpet in your bedroom? B: No, ... . |
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A: ... a Chinese restaurant near here? B: Yes, ... . ... one in the next street. |
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A: How many students ... in your class? B: ... 30. |
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A: Excuse me, ... a post office near here? B: Yes, ... . |
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A: ... two flights from Istambul to Paris on Sunday? B: No, ... . ... only one. |
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A: ... thirty days May or thirty-one? B: ... thirty days. ... thirty-one days. |
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A: ... a good film on TV tonight? B: Yes, ... . |
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A: ... lots of clothes shops in the new shopping centre? B: Yes, ... . |
4. Translate the sentences from Russian into English.
a)
У причала стоит большое современное судно. Это – танкер. На танкере имеется четыре танка для нефти (oil). Два больших танка находятся в (in the bow) носовой части судна. В этих танках есть нефть. На корме – тоже два танка. В них нет никакого груза. Они пустые (empty) и чистые. Они готовы для нового груза.
Команда находится на танкере? – Нет, не вся. На борту судна находятся только вахтенный помощник, один дежурный механик, моторист и несколько матросов. – Кто еще находится на борту? Есть ли на борту капитан? – Нет. Сейчас на борту нет капитана. – Где он? – Он на берегу (shore). – Он свободен сейчас? – Нет, он занят. В офисе пароходства (shipping company) сейчас заседание (meeting).
b)
На судне 4 палубы. Каюта капитана – на четвертой палубе.
На первой палубе находятся 3 помещения: камбуз, прачечная и кладовая.
Над камбузом находится кают-компания рядового состава.
Рядом с офицерской кают-компанией находится каюта старшего помощника.
Справа от каюты капитана находится радиорубка. Она – на четвертой палубе.
Насосное отделение находится рядом с машинным отделением.
Между радиорубкой и каютой старшего механика находится каюта капитана.
Под первой палубой находится машинное и насосное отделение.
Каюта капитана расположена под навигационным мостиком.
На первой палубе нет кают. Они на третьей палубе.
c)
В шкафу нет гидрокостюмов, они в кладовой боцмана.
В каюте нет спасательных жилетов. – Где они? – Они на палубе, возле спасательных плотиков.
Инструкция по эксплуатации в каюте старшего механика? – Нет, она на столе в машинном отделении.
На судне несколько аварийных мест сбора. – А где твое место сбора? – Оно на корме возле спасательных шлюпок.
Есть спасательный круг на перилах возле твоей каюты? – Нет, он на стене перед столовой рядового состава.
Санитарный блок рядом с машинным отделением или выше его? – Он на первой палубе возле камбуза. – А там есть аптечка первой медпомощи? – Нет, она в насосном отделении, за дверью.
d)
На судне Star три палубы. На первой палубе находятся камбуз, прачечная и кают-компания рядового состава.
Машинное отделение расположено рядом с насосным отделением.
Над каютой капитана находится навигационный мостик.
Слева от каюты старшего механика находится радиорубка.
На носу судна нет спасательных шлюпок, они находятся в корме.
Противопожарная сигнализация есть на каждой палубе.
В кладовой есть 10 гидрокостюмов.
На камбузе есть огнетушитель.
Где находится уборочный инвентарь? – Он в кладовой.
Перед вашей каютой есть спасательный плот?
e)
На носу и на корме судна имеются места аварийного сбора.
Судно имеет два борта: правый и левый.
Спасательные круги располагаются по левому и по правому борту судна.
У вас есть спасательный жилет?
Где ваш дыхательный аппарат?
Аварийный телефон внутри или снаружи машинного отделения?
На каждом судне есть много устройств пожарной сигнализации.
На всех палубах имеются пожарные рукава.
Сколько огнетушителей на камбузе?
Где располагается санитарный блок на вашем судне?
Почему у вас нет инструкции по технике безопасности?
Жилые помещения располагаются на третьей палубе?
В кают-компании нет уборочного инвентаря, он – в кладовой.
II. There is and there are with some and any
5. Complete the sentences with some or any.
Example: There are some tomatoes in the fridge.
Are there ... letters in the post box?
There are ... difficult words in this text.
Are there ... biscuits left?
There are ... new students in our class.
Are there ... computers in your classroom?
There aren't ... empty seats.
Carla bought ... new clothes during the sales.
There are ... French stamps here, but there aren't ... German stamps.
There are ... presents for Richard on the table.
Tosya is a small town. There aren't ... big supermarkets there.
6. Make sentences with there is / there are and some / any.
Example: + There are some good programmers on TV tonight.
? ... good films on at the moment?
– Sorry, ... sandwiches left.
? ... chocolates with nuts in?
+ ... great beaches near Cape Town.
? ... photos of your great-grand parents?
– ... crisps left, I'm afraid.
+ ... letters for you.
? ... interesting articles in your magazine?
+ ... people at the bus stop.
– ... buses into town after midnight.
7. Complete the dialogue using have (has) got with some and any.
You: Tell me about your room, Eve. What … you … in it?
Eve: Well, I'… a bed, of course, and a chair and a cupboard.
You: ... you … a table?
Eve: No, I … but I ... a desk.
You: What … you … on the desk?
Eve: I … books and computer.
You: ... you … posters on the wall?
Eve: No, I …
You: What about your brother's room? What … he … in his room?
Eve: He … a bed, a chair and a cupboard too.
You: … he … a desk?
Eve: No, he … . He … a table. And he … bookshelves for his books.
You: ... he … posters?
Eve: Yes, he … . He … football posters on the walls.
8. Translate into English.
У них мало времени, чтобы добраться (to get) до университета вовремя.
У вас нет серьёзных (bad) ошибок в этом тесте.
Флот (fleet) имеет пять старых судов, но они в хорошем рабочем состоянии (в порядке).
Почему он опоздал? – Его часы неверны.
Судно имеет два двигателя.
У тебя есть друзья в группе?
В нашем городе мало театров и несколько стадионов.
Сколько груза на борту? – Сейчас на судне мало груза.
Есть ли (какие-нибудь) курсанты в кубрике? – В кубрике мало курсантов. – Много ли курсантов в аудитории? – В аудитории нет курсантов.
9. Use the correct pronoun every-, some-, any-, no- (everything, something, anything, nothing, someone, anyone, nobody, somewhere, anywhere, nowhere) and finish the sentences.
Thief 1: Listen! I think there's …one in the next room.
Thief 2: That's impossible. There isn't … in the building at this time of night.
Thief 1: OK. But I'm sure I heard …thing.
Patient: You must give me … for this cold.
Doctor: But I have tried …thing! I can't think of … new to give you!
Patient: In that case, I will have to go … else.
3. Teacher 1: I taught that student …thing he knows!
Teacher 2: But that student doesn't know … !
Teacher 1: I know, I'm a terrible teacher! … listens to me.
4. Girl 1: I'm going to the kitchen. Does … want a cup of tea?
Girl 2: No. I don't want …, thanks.
Girl 3: Well, I'd like … cold to drink.
Girl 1: I'll look in the fridge. Maybe there's … in there.
5. Father: Where did you go last night?
Daughter: I didn't go … . I went to bed, because there was … good on TV.
Father: Really? Well, …one told me they saw you at Jimmy's nightclub.
Daughter: That's impossible. I was at Frankie's – I mean … …
III. Prepositions of time
Prepositions of time: in, on, at
Remember:
in |
January |
on |
Thursday |
at |
7 o'clock |
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1999 |
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Friday morning |
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lunchtime |
|
the evening |
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1st May |
|
night |
|
the holiday |
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New Year's Eve |
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the weekend |
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the winter |
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Christmas Day |
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Christmas |
10. Complete each sentence. Then write a sentence about yourself.
Elena was born in 1980.
(You) I was born ...
She was born in the summer.
(You) ...
She was born ... July.
(You) ...
She was born ... 20th July.
(You) ...
She was born ... Saturday.
(You) ...
She was born ... the evening.
(You) ...
She was born ... 10.30 a.m.
(You) ...
11. Complete the dialogue.
Example: It's on Friday.
A: When's the party? Is it this month?
B: No, it's ... (1) December.
A: When exactly?
B: It's ... (2) 31st December.
A: Oh! So it's ... (3) New Year's Eve?
B: Yes.
A: Is it ... (4) lunchtime?
B: No, of course not! It's ... (5) evening.
A: Oh, yes. And where is it?
B: It's ... (6) Ambleside.
A: Oh, I know. Jason's got a flat there.
B: Yes, but the party isn't ... (7) his place. It's ... (8) his girlfriend's flat.
A: Right.
B: Her flat's ... (9) a car park, ... (10) a cafe and a bookshop. You can't miss it.
A: OK. See you ... (11) party.
REVISION
(preparation for the test)
Card 1
Переведите на английский язык, используя to be, there is/are, have/has (got) в нужной форме.
Посмотри на это судно. Это не грузовое судно. Оно – пассажирское судно. Это пассажирское судно – новое. Судно имеет много комфортабельных кают. Каюты находятся на разных (different ['difrqnt]) палубах. Судно имеет несколько больших спасательных шлюпок, которые находятся на верхней (upper ['Apq]) палубе. Каюта капитана располагается тоже на верхней палубе рядом с навигационным мостиком. Судно не имеет грузовых трюмов. Но оно имеет большой трюм для топливных танков. Пассажирское судно всегда (always ['Llwqz]) имеет много топлива в своих танках.
Какое это судно? Сколько кают имеет судно? Сколько топлива имеет судно в своих танках? Где находятся спасательные шлюпки?
Это – танкер. Он – старый. В настоящее время танкер не в море, потому что он неисправен. Он стоит у причала (berth ['bWT]) в порту, потому что он находится в ремонте. Все механики находятся в машинном отделении, они заняты ремонтом главного (main ['mein]) двигателя и компрессора (compressor [kqm'presq]). У них нет свободного времени. Они заняты работой с утра до вечера. Оператор насоса – не в насосном отделении (pump-room) сейчас. Он свободен от вахты и другой работы. Все насосы на судне и механизмы (mechanisms ['mekqnizmz]) в насосном отделении в порядке. У него сегодня много свободного времени. У него есть хороший друг. Он – судовой радиооператор. Сейчас они находятся в каюте радиооператора.
Почему танкер не в море? Кто находится в машинном отделении? Чем они занимаются сейчас? Насосы в порядке? Где сейчас находятся два друга?
Card 2
1. Вставьте there is/are, have/has (got), am, is, are в утвердительной или отрицательной форме.
Our group … neither large nor small. We … only 10. But today … five cadets in the classroom. We … six lessons today. Each lesson … 45 minutes long.
My native city … very small. … very many people in it. … only two cinemas in my city and … one very big plant. It's a pity, we … any theatre. But the city's picture gallery … very good.
This ship's master … a good seaman. He … old, he … only forty years old. He … a big family.
They … 7 in the family. Their flat … very large for their family. … only three rooms in it.