*Drugs. Common forms of drugs. Solid, semisolid, liquid forms of drugs. At a chemist’s *3*22*1*

#1329

*!Most of the drugs commonly dispensed fall into three categories: 1) solids, 2) semisolids and 3) liquids. It is up to the physician to decide upon the precise form in which his medication is to be administered. If the patient can not swallow tablets, especially true of small children/ he must always receive medication in a liquid form.

Which is the most suitable title to this passage?

*about drugs

*+about forms of drugs

*about solids

*about administrations

*about prescriptions

#1330

*!A lot of drugs manufactured by pharmaceutical industry in a solid state greatly differ in shape, size and colour. They are powders, granules, tablets, lozenges, globules, capsules and pills. Solid medicinal forms are mainly administered internally.

Which is the most suitable title to this passage?

*common forms of drugs

*liquid forms of drugs

*soft forms of drugs

*semisolid forms of drugs

*+solid forms of drugs

#1331

*!Many medicines taken after a meal can completely lose their effect or their effect decreases by the interaction with food in the stomach and intestinal tract. Medicines having an organic structure should be taken one half hour to one hour before meal-time.Alcohol increases the toxicity of barbiturates and antidepressants.

Which is the most suitable title to this passage?

*medicines forms

*alcohol effect

*barbiturates toxicity

*+rules for drugs taking

*prescription rules

#1332

*!A powder is a finely ground or comminuted mass of free particles formed from a solid substance in the dry state (head-ache powders, powders of ascorbic acid etc.)A tablet is a compressed solid mass of medicated material usually in the shape of disc or flat square. A large medicated or sweetened round-shaped tablet is called a lozenge.A capsule is a small cylindrical or spherical gelatinous container with a dose of medicine inside.

Which title is the most suitable to this passage?

*common medicinal forms

*drug forms

*semisolid medicinal forms

*a liquid medicinal forms

*+solid medicinal forms

#1333

*!Pharmacy is defined as the art and science of recognizing, collecting, selecting, preparing, storing, testing, dispensing all substances used in medicine for treating people. Pharmacy is as old as man himself. The word “pharmacy” comes from the Greek word “pharmacon”, which means a drug. Thus we may define pharmacy as a science of drugs

Which title is the most suitable to this passage?

*subjective of Pharmacy

*subdivisions of Pharmacy

*Pharmacy as a field of medicine

*history of Pharmacy

*+definition of Pharmacy

#1334

*!Acetaminophen is available in tablets and in liquid form or in the form of drops. It can be purchased without It must be dissolved in a glass of water. This reduces gastric irritation. However it contains bicarbonate and should not be taken daily over a long periods.

Which word is missed in this passage?

*permission

*allowance

*agreement

*+prescription

*direction

#1335

*!There are 15 vitamins and most of them must be supplied by food. Vitamins are needed in very small amounts by the body but when they are not provided, a person can get a deficiency disease. Vitamins should not be used as “tonics” ….the overdosage of vitamins A, D or K may result in a serious disease.

Which word is the most suitable for the missed one?

*thus

*therefore

*+because

*before

*so

#1336

*!Before applying this medicine thoroughly wash the affected area with warm water and soap, rinse well and pat dry. After washing or shaving wait 30 minutes before applying topical gel or topical liquid form. Alcohol in them may irritate the freshly washed or shavedskin.

Which title is the most suitable to this passage?

*medicine

*alcohol effect

*application in medicine

*precautions for a patient

*+instructions for applying the medicine

#1337

*!Classifying plants is not an easy task. No two individual plants are exactly alike but closely related plants may be very much alike. Long experience is essential for good work in plant classification. The six areas of classification from smallest to largest are species, genus, family, order, class and phylum.

Which title is the most suitable to this passage?

*related plants

*plant order

*+plant classification

*individual plants

*plant types

#1338

*!Semisolid medicinal preparations usually having fatty material as a petrolatum, lard, wool fat as a base differ in shapes, consistency and methods of application. They are ointments, salves, liniments, suppositories and plasters. All semisolids are used externally for local application.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*liquid preparations

*+semisolid preparations

*methods of applying preparations

*solid preparations

*common forms of preparations

#1339

*!An ointment is an unctuous preparation of a soft consistence often mixed with some medicament used for application to the skin for medical purposes or as a cosmetic. A salve is a thick adhesive ointment for local ailment used for healing, soothing or mollifying. A liniment is a liquid ointment preparation of a consistency thinner than an ointment applied to the skin with friction.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*solid medicinal forms

*liquid medicinal forms

*+semisolid medicinal forms

*the common forms of drugs

*three main categories of drugs

#1340

*!A solution is typically liquid homogenous mixture formed by dissolving (a solution of Novocain, of calcium chlorate etc.).Solutions are produced and manufactured in ampoules. An ampoule is a small narrow necked glass vessel hermetically sealed for holding sterile solutions for injections.

What is the definition of solution according to the passage?

*a gelatinous container

*an unctuous preparation

*a compressed solid mass

*+a homogenous mixture

*a hydro-alcoholic solution

#1341

*!Volumes of liquids and gases are usually expressed in milliliters (or litres) and not in cubic centimeters which are usually used for solids. Thus we speak of a volume of 25 ml of water but a volume of 25 of ice. It follows that densities of liquids are usually expressed in grams per millimeter. Thus the density of alcohol is 0.79 g/ml and the density of water is 1 g/ml.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*mass of solids

*forms of drugs

*+density of liquids

*volumes of capsules

*density of semisolids

#1342

*!Liquid medicinal forms are: an extract, an infusion, a tincture, a mixture, a solution, a decoction. An extract is a preparation obtained by evaporating a solution of a drug or fresh juice of plant. Liquid extracts are preparations of a syrupy consistency and are generally prepared by treating the drug with solvent. An infusion is a liquid extract obtained by steeping or soaking any substance in water without boiling (infusion of the Lily of the Valley).

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*three forms of drugs

*solid medicinal forms

*common forms of drugs

*+liquid medicinal forms

*semisolid medicinal forms

#1343

*!A tincture is an alcoholic or hydro-alcoholic solution of nonvolatile drugs of plant or animal origin (tincture of Valerian, tincture of Pot Marry Gold). Tinctures as a medicinal form were introduced by Galen. A mixture is a preparation for medical or other purposes consisting of two or more ingredients mixed together (cough mixture).

What kind of solution is a tincture?

*a syrupy solution

*an ascorbic solution

*an unctuous solution

*+an alcoholic solution

*a homogenous solution

#1344

*!A solution is typically liquid homogenous mixture formed by dissolving (a solution of Novocain, of calcium chlorate etc.). Solutions are manufactured in ampoules. An ampoule is a small narrow necked glass vessel hermetically sealed for holding sterile solutions for injections.

Where are the solutions filled in?

*in flasks

*in bottles

*in pellets

*in funnels

*+in ampoules

#1345

*!An ointment is an unctuous preparation of a soft consistence often mixed with some medicament used for application to the skin for medical purposes or as a cosmetic. A salve is a thick adhesive ointment for local ailment used for healing, soothing or mollifying.

A liniment is a liquid ointment preparation of a consistency thinner than an ointment applied to the skin with friction.

What ointment is a salve?

*fluid preparation

*solid preparation

*liquid preparation

*unctuous preparation

*+thick adhesive ointment

#1346

*!Liquid medicinal forms are: an extract, an infusion, a tincture, a mixture, a solution, a decoction. An extract is a preparation obtained by evaporating a solution of a drug or fresh juice of plant. Liquid extracts are preparations of a syrupy consistency and are generally prepared by treating the drug with solvent. An infusion is a liquid extract obtained by steeping or soaking any substance in water without boiling (infusion of the Lily of the Valley).

What is the method of obtaining infusions?

*boiling

*heating

*mollifying

*+steeping

*evaporating

#1347

*!As you know on receiving a prescription from a doctor or on following a home treatment all of us need medicines which are ordered or bought at a chemist’s. Chemist’s shops are specialized shops where medicines and medical items are sold.Chemists’ usually situated on the ground floor. They have a hall for visitors, two departments for selling drugs, and proper working rooms.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

• prescription department

• forms of drugs

• +chemist’s shops

• description of drugs

• chemist’s department

#1348

*!There are two departments in a chemist’s shop: a chemist’s department and a prescription department. At a chemist’s department you can buy ready-made drugs such as tablets, ampoules, pills, vitamins, etc. In the prescription department you can see drugs of all kinds: boxes of different powders, ampoules of glucose and camphor used for intramuscular and intravenous injections etc. Lots of drugs have to be ordered at a prescription department.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*prescription of drugs

*chemist’s department

*prescription department

*doctor’s administrations

*+departments of a chemist’s shop

#1349

*!Poisonous drugs are kept with the letter “A”. Strong effective drugs are kept in the drug cabinet having the letter “B”. Every small bottle or box has a label with the name of the medicine stuck on it. The single and the total dosage are indicated on the label. White labels indicate drugs for internal use, yellow ones indicate drugs for external use and blue ones indicate drugs used for injections.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*hygienic goods

*pharmacist’s job

*pharmacist’s duties

*pharmaceutical goods

*+labels of medicines

#1350

*!Pharmacists provide expert advice on the use and supply of drugs and medicines. As a pharmacist your work would include checking prescriptions, dispensing medicines and making sure that laws controlling medicines are followed. If you are interested in science and healthcare, this career could be for you. To do this job you will need a high level of scientific understanding and ability. You will also need to be responsible and security-conscious.

Which title is the most suitable one to this passage?

*+a pharmacist’s job

*prescription of drugs

*chemist’s department

*prescription department

*doctor’s administration