VI. Ответьте на вопросы по тексту:

1.What do America's wildland firefighters have to endure to protect nation’s natural resources from the ravages of unwanted wildfire?

2.What does a fire manager do when a wildfire starts?

3.How many firefighters are there in an engine crew?

VII. Найдите в тексте эквиваленты следующих высказываний:Бригада, специальное оборудование, подавление огня, недоступные районы, шланг.

Вариант VII

I. Переведите предложения. Определите видовременную форму и залог сказуемого.

1. The letter is still being typed; wait for a moment, please.

2.I was sent full details of the job.

3.Many houses are still being constructed and many houses have already been built.

II. Преобразуйте предложения, сделав дополнение подлежащим. Внесите соответствующие изменения. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Mother was looking at her little son.

2.The group spoke to their teacher yesterday.

3.Young mothers look after their children with great care.

4.They sent for Jim.

5.We thought about our friend all the time.

6.The doctor will operate on him next week.

7.They looked for the newspaper everywhere.

III. Переведите следующие предложения. Подчеркните герундий.

1.My watch wants repairing.

2.Have you finished writing?

3.I like skiing but my sister prefers skating.

4.Mary can work all the day without feeling tired.

5.Taking a cold shower in the morning is very useful.

6.After buying everything she needed she went home.

7.My grandparents enjoy living in their new house.

8.Have you finished washing the dishes yet?

IV. Переведите предложения. Подчеркните инфинитив.

1. Here are some more facts to prove that your theory is correct.

2. I need something to write with.

3. I have brought you a book to read, but you must return it by Sunday.

4. Do you like to listen to the music?

5. I think I shall be able to solve this problem.

6. Would you like to go to England?

7. We had to put on our overcoats because it was raining.

8. It is high time for you to go to bed.

9. He didn’t want to play in the yard any more.

5. Переведите текст.

Causes of forest fires.

A forest fire is an unenclosed and freely spreading combustion that consumes the natural fuels of a forest. Combustion is another word for fire, and natural fuels can be litter, grasses, shrubs, trunks, branches, and leaves; basically any vegetable matter in the forest that can burn.

Natural causes of forest fires such as lightning are most likely to occur when the weather is hot, dry, or windy. Also when there are thunderstorms because thunder and lightning often occur in pairs. El Nino is an ocean warming and leads to climate changes all over the world. The name is Spanish and is believed to be a cause of forest fires. El Nino happens when weakening trade winds allow the warmer water from the western Pacific to flow towards the east. This flattens out the sea level, builds up warm surface water off the coast of South America, and increases the temperature of the water in the Eastern Pacific.

More than 50 % of fires are man-made. Some are purposely set to drive out unwanted animals, clear ground for farming, grazing, or development, to get rid of unwanted underbrush, even to fertilize the soil. Forest clearing accelerates as population expands and pressures to exploit natural resources increase. Much of the expansion into forested areas uses the cheapest form of cover removal: fire.

Sometimes fires are even set to prevent forest fires. Firefighters use fire wisely and under selected conditions to clear forest and debris. These small fires are set in order to prevent larger ones in case of lightning or careless humans. It also helps many plants reproduce and increases food for wild animals. Therefore National Forests pose the greatest fire risk because no fires are deliberately set there.

Other fires are set accidentally by careless campers who don’t know how to put out a campfire correctly, or by smokers who toss away their burning cigarette butts.