When you set goals you should always make sure that they are realistic, precise and timed

Questions for computer based test

1. Choose the right variant. The quality of concrete depends mostly on _____ .

a) the quality of cement used

b) the quality of clay used

c) the quality of water used

d) the quality of sand used

2. Choose the right variant. Silica concrete is highly _______

a) fire-resistant

b) water-resistant

c) light-resistant

d) low-resistant

3. Choose the right variant. Gravel is classified as __________ aggregate.

a) coarse

b) fine

c) high

d) low

4. Choose the right variant. ______ are used for fabricating bricks.

a) mortar and clay

b) metal and glass

c) wood and shale

d) silo and foam

Glossary

English	Russiаn	Kаzаkh
mortаr [ˈmɔːrtər]	стрoительный раствoр	құрылыс ерітіндісі
brick [brɪk]	кирпич	кірпіш
wood [wʊd]	дерево, древесина, лесоматериалы	сүрек (ағаштың қабық астындағы қатты бөлігі), ағаш
lumber (amer) [ ˈlʌmbər] (brit) timber [ˈtɪmbər]	пиломатериал, строительный лес	араланған материал, құрылыс ағашы
rock [rɑːk]	горная порода, камень	тас, тау жынысы
sand [sænd]	песок	құм
lasting [ˈlæstɪŋ]	прочный, долговечный, длительный	берік; бұзылмайтын; мәңгі
occur [əˈkɜːr]	происходить; встречаться, попадаться	кездесу

LIW #5

Work with terms (10 terms): mortar, plank, mould, cinder brick, clay brick, board, density, process, additive, bending.

LIW # 6

1. Make a presentation on theme ‘Natural building materials’ (10 Power Point slides).

References

Main literature

1. С. И. Гарагуля «Английский язык для студентов строительных специальностей», Ростов-на-Дону, 2011.

2. Агабекян И.П. Английский для технических ВУЗов Феникс, 2008. Высшее образование. 2011.

Additional literature

3. Русско-казахско-английский словарь архитектурно-строительных терминов (с толкованием на русском языке). 3-й том. – Алматы: КазГАСА, 2012.

4. Virginia Evans, Jenny Dooley. Construction I. Buildings. Book I. Express Publishing. 2015. Pаtriziа Cаruzzo. Flаsh on English for Construction. ESP series, 2009.

5. Mаrk Ibbotson. Professionаl English in Use. Technicаl English for professsionаls. Cаmbridge University Press, 2009.

HAND OUT
Discipline: Professional oriented English	Term: fourth
Practical lesson №5	Credits:2
Lexical theme: Timber. Standards of professional speech.	Academic year 2016-2017
Teacher: assistant professor Moldabayeva M.K.

Exercise 1. Read and translate the text A.

Timber

Timber is the general name for wood materials. There are 3 main types of timber: hardwood, softwood and manufactured board.

Hardwood- The term hardwood does not mean that the timber is hard. For example, balsa is used for modelling, it is a hard wood but it is one of the softest timbers to work with. This type of timber is produced from broad leaf trees that lose their leaves in winter – a deciduous tree. The photograph opposite is of an oak tree which grows in this country. Uses - Oak is a hardwood and is used to make expensive furniture/flooring and strong framed structures. Mahogany – reddish in colour, always looks good when varnished or waxed. Beech – creamy pinkish colour, its close grain makes it very suitable for kitchen utensils, as water does not have too great an effect on it.

S Softwood- The term softwood does not mean that the timber is soft, as pitch pine is one of the most difficult timbers to work with, yet is a member of this group. This type of timber is produced from trees that do not lose their leaves (coniferous). Softwood trees grow much quicker than the hardwood ones, they are therefore cheaper to buy and far more available. Softwood is used for construction of houses and furniture, and outdoor uses such as fencing.

Manufactured board- Manufactured board is mainly used for kitchen and bedroom furniture and shelving. Examples of manufactured boards are in the picture. Manmade boards, which are made by gluing wood layers or wood fibers together (1). Plywood is a widely used manufactured timber (2). MDF sheets as they are purchased (3).

Manufactured boards use more energy to produce. They can use the waste from milling solid timber. They mostly use adhesives, and the formaldehyde that is used in MDF is a health risk. Some tropical hardwoods have huge impacts. Mahogany trees grow in amongst a variety of other trees and plants. Cutting down the mahogany causes the destruction of a whole area of rainforest which cannot regrow easily. T The planet has a limited amount of land to grow food and trees so there is a limit to the amount of timber we can use. But the products we do design and make should be well made, so they can be used for a number of years. Use timber that has been grown as locally as possible. A variety of beautiful hardwoods grow in Wales. Use timber that has the FSC certification on it (Forest Stewardship Council) this means that it comes from well managed forests where trees are replanted.

Exercise 2. Discuss the questions in small groups and give your reasons.

1. Can you think of advantages and disadvantages of using plywood?

2. Which type of hardwood would be suitable to make tough kitchen surface tops from?

3. If mahogany proves too expensive to use what would be an ideal substitute? Give two examples of suitable hardwoods that may be used to make quality garden furniture?

Exercise 3. Read the text B.

Timber

Timber belongs to one of the oldest building materials. It has been from ancient times and is still produced from cut wood.

Timber has always been highly usable in construction because of its many advantages. To these belong its strength, light weight, cheapness, and high workability. Its other advantage is that it belongs to natural resources and is naturally renewable. It is the more so that about a third of the world is still considered to be covered with forests. Besides, timber is resistant to corrosion produced by chemical substances in the modern polluted atmosphere. One more advantage of timber is that it can be used for many construction purposes. But, naturally, timber has disadvantages and the main ones are that it is not fire-resistant and it easily decays; especially if it is not impregnated. Besides, freshly cut timber contains water that may cause great structural defects. Removal of water from timber is a necessary procedure that should take place before timber is used in practice. It increases strength and workability of the material and, of course, its durability.

What is timber mainly used for? Because of its many advantages it is highly used for producing window and floor frames, for flooring and roofing and for other various woodwork. The two main types of timber are hardwoods and softwoods. Of them, hardwoods are popular as materials used for decorative purposes: veneering in furniture and paneling. As to softwoods, they are mainly used for producing window and door frames and other kinds of internal woodwork.

Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with the help of the text and translate the sentences.

1. Timber is ….

2. It has good properties. They are …..

3. But it has some disadvantages. It …

4. Timber is widely used in modern construction for …

5. Timer cannot be used after it has been felled because …

6. … increases the strength and durability of timber.

Exercise 5. Answer the questions.

1. What structural materials does timber belong to?

2. What is it produced from?

3. What are the main advantages (disadvantages) of timber?

4. Why is removal of water from timber useful for construction purposes?

5. What are the two main types of timber?

6. What are softwoods (hardwoods) used for?

7. How much of the world's land surface is considered to be covered with forests?

8. What countries are rich (poor) in forests?

Questions for computer based test

1. Choose the right answer. What structural materials does timber belong to?

a the oldest building materials

b the newest building materials

c the highest building materials

d the heaviest building materials

2. Choose the right answer. What timber is produced from?

a wood

b metal

c glass

d concrete

3. Choose the right answer. What is timber mainly used for?

a For producing window, floor frames, roofing

b For producing ceiling, metal frames

c For producing pipes, fiberglass blocks

d For producing ceramic tiles, iron frames

4. Choose the right answer. What are the main two types of timber?

a Hardwoods, softwoods

b Steelwoods, lightwoods

c Brightwoods, darkwoods

d Firewoods,blackwoods