VII. Say everything you know about the digestive system:
VIII. Translate the text using a dictionary:
Text B. THE LIVER
The liver like the salivary glands is an outgrowth of the digestive tube. It is the chief factory of the body. The liver is not only the largest organ of the body but it has the largest number of known functions. Among them the primary function is that of storage and mobilization of food. The liver cells process the digested food, change it into substances that the body will need then store them until they are required.
The liver is known to manufacture bile which aids digestion. Patients in whom little bile is reaching the intestine may have difficulties in their absorption of fats.
Such patients may suffer from deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins. A preliminary storage place for the bile is the gallbladder. It is intimately associated with liver anatomy and liver function. However, it is proved to be not necessary for life. Some animals, for example horses, do not possess a gallbladder.
The liver has many vital duties. It is not surprising that this organ is essential to life and that diseases which impair its function are serious and sometimes fatal.
Case Analyses
Find in the Internet the most important facts about famous anatomists of the past and make very short presentation.
Revision
I. Read the text and guess the meanings of the words in italics:
Text C
According to their functions different organs of the human body are divided into several systems: the skeleton, the muscular system, the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, the digestive system, the urogenital [‘juqrq’Genitl] system, the nervous system, the excretory [eks’krJtqri] system, the endocrine [‘endoukrQin] system.
The heart and the large blood vessels connected with it as well as the lungs and the esophagus are in the thoracic cavity. The spleen, the liver and the stomach are in the abdominal cavity under the diaphragm. The small and large intestines are in the abdominal cavity lower than the stomach, the liver and the spleen. The kidneys are on the posterior side of the abdominal cavity.
II. Answer the following questions:
1. What are the main systems of the human body?
2. What cavities of the body can you name?
3. What organs are located in each of these cavities?
III. Name the words belonging to the following systems:
a. cardiovascular b. nervous c. respiratory d. digestive e. the skeleton
brain, vessels, septum, lungs, kidneys, breastbone, ventricle, pleura, stomach, mediastinum, intestines, nerves, ribs, valves, gallbladder, pelvis, pericardium, tongue, extremities, caecum, thigh, liver, shoulder, ileum, palate
IV. Find the Latin adjective corresponding to each English noun:
mouth
vascular
teeth gastric
tongue oral
heart hepatic
vessels dental
lungs lingual
stomach cardiac
liver pulmonary
V. Find the odd word in each line and explain your choice:
1. always, never, usually, already
2. heart, gallbladder, bile, esophagus
3. disappear, responsible, impossible, reconstruction
4. digestive, dangerous, difference, important
5. drug, remedy, valve, medicine
6. smallpox, fever, headache, pain
7. surgery, therapy, histology, obstetrics
8. carrying, dividing, everything, determining
VI. Using the English words make up sentences corresponding to the Russian ones:
1. В мире издается много медицинских журналов.
2. В этом журнале есть несколько интересных статей.
3. В этой книге описаны великие открытия, сделанные российскими учеными.
4. Врачу пришлось изменить лечение, чтобы восстановить здоровье пациента
5. Что изучает анатомия? 6. Сколько клапанов в сердце?
7. С помощью чего можно определить границы органов? |
many, published, world, the , are, medical, journals, in
some, are, interesting, in, there, this, papers, journal
book, discoveries, by, are, great, the, this, Russian, described, in, made, scientists
doctor, restore, to, health, the, the, had, to, the, patient’s, treatment, change
anatomy, study, does what many, valves, there, the, in, how, are, heart
can, borders, determine, one, of, the, what, organs, with, the |