IX. Answer the questions on the text b:

1. What is bronchitis?

2. What is the characteristic symptom of chronic bronchitis?

3. What is pneumonia?

4. What can pneumonia be classified by?

Lesson 14

Грамматика: согласование времен, функции слова that, порядок слов в утвердительных и вопросительных предложениях

The digestive system

I. Прочтите следующие слова и дайте их русские эквиваленты:

secrete [si’krJt], role [roul], toxic [‘tOksik], substance [‘sAbstqns], reservoir [‘rezqvwR], container [kqn’teinq], occupy [‘OkjupQi], mechanical [mi’kqenikql], chemical [‘kemikql], enzyme [‘enzQim], abdominal [qb’dOminql], active [‘qektiv], process [‘prousqs]

II. Запомните произношение следующих слов:

membraneous [mem’breinjqs] - перепончатый

anus [‘eines] – задний проход

pharynx [‘fqeriNks] - глотка

esophagus [J’sOfqgqs] - пищевод

pancreas [‘pqeNkriqs] – поджелудочная железа

gland [glqend] - железа

salivary [‘sqelivqri] - слюнный

duodenum [,djHou’dinqm] – двенадцатиперстная кишка

jejunum [Gi’GHnqm] – тощая кишка

ileum [‘iliqm] – подвздошная кишка

caecum [‘sJkqm] – слепая кишка

colon [‘koulqn] – ободочная, толстая кишка

rectum [‘rektqm] – прямая кишка

III. Выучите новые слова и словосочетания:

alimentary [,qeli’mentqri] - пищеварительный

mouth [mQuT] - рот

stomach [‘stAmqk] - желудок

intestine [in’testin] – кишечник, кишка

small intestine – тонкий кишечник

large intestine – толстый кишечник

gallbladder [‘gLl’blqedq] – желчный пузырь

tongue [tAN] - язык

coated tongue – обложенный язык

palate [‘pqelit] - небо

soft palate – мягкое небо

hard palate – твердое небо

also [‘Llsou] – тоже, также

portion [‘pLSqn] – часть, отдел, порция

to measure [‘meZq] - измерять

measure – мера, величина

to participate [pR’tisipeit] принимать участие, участвовать

to digest [di’Gest] –переваривать, усваивать

digestion [di’GestSqn] – пищеварение, усвоение пищи

to defend [di’fend] - защищать

defense - защита

to move [mHv] – двигать, шевелить

to pass [pRs] – проходить, протекать

bile - желчь

tube [tjHb] – трубка, труба, тюбик

IV. Прочтите и переведите однокоренные слова:

digest, digested, undigested, digestion, indigestion; defend, defending, defended, defense, defensive; move, moving, moved, movement; participate, participation, participating, participant; act, active, actively, action, activity

V. Переведите следующие словосочетания:

portions of the small intestine, salivary glands, soft and hard palate, abdominal cavity, digestive system, vital activities, to participate in the process, toxic substances, defensive function, bile reservoir, container of food, mechanical and chemical changes, to pass into large intestine

VI. Прочтите и переведите следующие предложения:

1. The soft palate is a continuation of the soft tissues covering the hard palate. 2. The small intestine composed of three main portions is a thin-walled muscular tube. 3. The weight of the largest of the salivary glands is 28 gr. 4. The liver consists of small lobules connected together by connective tissue , different vessels and nerves. 5. The duodenum is called so because its length measures about the length of twelve fingers. 6. The liver consisting of lobes is covered with a fibrous coat. 7. The peritoneum is a serous coat covering the inner surface of the abdominal wall. 8. The shape of the stomach changes when it dilates and its borders greatly extend. 9. Bile secreted by the liver participates in the digestive process and has a defensive function. 10. Food undergone mechanical and chemical changes passes from the small intestine into the large one.