Практическое занятие №10 Оборудование. Причастие II

Цель – совершенствование лексико-грамматических навыков.

Краткие теоретические сведения

Причастие II

Причастие II (Participle II) - неличная форма глагола (III основная форма глагола), имеет одну неизменяемую форму со страдательным значением и обозначает действие, которое испытывает на себе лицо или предмет. Оно соответствует в русском языке причастию страдательного залога.

Форма причастия II совпадает с формой Past Indefinite и образуется при помощи прибавления суффикса -ed к основе глагола to ask - asked, to help - helped.

Подобно причастию I, причастие II обладает свойствами глагола, прилагательного и наречия. Как и глагол, оно обозначает действие. Время действия, обозначаемое причастием II, определяется временем действия глагола-сказуемого или контекстом.

The book discussed yesterday was interesting. Книга, обсуждавшаяся вчера, была интересной. The books discussed at the lessons are always interesting. Книги, обсуждаемые на уроках, всегда интересны.

Функции причастия II

В предложении причастие II может быть:

1 Определением.

A written letter lay on the table. Написанное письмо лежало на столе. They are reconstructing the house built in the 18^th century. Они реставрируют здание, построенное в 18 веке.

2 Обстоятельством. Перед причастием II в функции обстоятельства могут стоять союзы if, unless, when. В таком случае английское причастие переводится обстоятельственным придаточным предложением, в котором подлежащее то же, что и в главном предложении.

If built of the local stone, the road will serve for years. Если построить дорогу (Если дорога построена) из местного камня, она будет служить долгие годы.

Порядок выполнения

Задание 1 Прочтите и переведите текст.

Box cars, tank cars and refrigerators

The boxcars constitute another large class of freight wagons. Boxcars are primarily employed to transport valuable commodities and products requiring protection from weather or breakage. There are special boxcars used by different railroads to carry automobiles and their parts. These cars are provided with a special device used to hold motor cars securely in place for safe transportation. Some cars can accommodate a double row of automobiles, one set above the other, thus doubling the capacity of the wagon.

As a rule, boxcars are used to carry goods in packaged form. Sometimes movable bulkheads are used to hold bags, boxes, barrels of different sizes and shapes in place. But sometimes shipments destined for different places are loaded in the same car. By using bulkheads firmly fastened to side walls it is possible to divide the wagon into compartments so that freight for a single station can be packed in a single compartment.

The refrigerator car is also considered to be a special car used for transporting meat, fruit, vegetables, fish etc., which must be kept cold to prevent them from spoiling. The walls, floor and roof of these cars are to be water-proof, air-tight and they are to be insulated. In the refrigerator car which makes it possible for people living in the most distant places to have fresh fruits and vegetables all the year round.

Some freight is to be carried in liquid or semi-liquid form. The transportation of such freight requires a large number of specialized cars, called tank cars. The products carried in these cars include different oils, acids, compressed gases, wine, milk etc. Special linings are used to prevent tank damage from contamination of products, some tanks being made of aluminium, others being lined with rubber, glass, enamel or stainless steel.

Задание 2 Переведите слова и словосочетания на русский язык.

Вариант 1

Boxcars, protection from weather or breakage, safe transportation, the capacity of the wagon, refrigerator car, air-tight cars, tank cars.

Вариант 2

Freight wagon, to carry goods in packaged form, a double row of automobiles, bulkheads, water-proof cars, specialized cars, transportation of such freight.

Задание 3 Раскройте скобки, употребив причастие прошедшего времени. Перепишите и переведите предложения на русский язык.

Вариант 1

1 The letter (to write) by him was very long.

2 We are interested in the goods (to produce) by this factory.

3 She didn’t understand the word (to say) by him.

4 The question (to put) to the professor was important.

5 The article on agriculture (to publish) in this magazine was written by Smith.

6 When (to complete) the new building will accommodate 3000 students.

Вариант 2

1 He didn’t see the things (to keep) in her box.

2 I don’t like the video (to buy) yesterday.

3 This is the house (to build) many years ago.

4 When (to offer) to work abroad, he refused.

5 When (to use) for building purposes, concrete is very important.

6 You can get the book (to recommend) by our teacher in the library.

Задание 4 Прочитайте и переведите диалог.

At a Railway Station

Clerk: Good morning, sir. Can I help you?

Passenger: Yes, please. I need a first-class one-way ticket to Dublin.

Clerk: There is a night train which leaves at 8 pm.

Passenger: Yes, that’s fine. How much is the ticket?

Clerk: It’s 15 pounds. Do you need a return ticket?

Passenger: No, I don’t, thank you.

Clerk: Here you are, sir. Are you going to pay by credit card or cash?

Passenger: Credit card. Here it is.

Clerk: Enter your PIN, please. Thank you. Have a good day, sir.

(later that day)

Passenger: Which platform is for Dublin train?

Clerk: It departs from the 9th platform.

Passenger: How can I get there?

Clerk: You need to take the underground level. It’s the second entrance on the left.

Passenger: Thank you.

Clerk: Do you need a porter, sir, to carry your bags?

Passenger: Yes, please. That would be lovely.

Clerk: I’ll send one to you in a second.

Задание 5 Составьте диалог по теме «At a Railway Station»

Задание 6 Решите кроссворд.

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По горизонтали:

1 A rider who has paid a fare on a train, bus, airline, taxi, ship.

2 The condition of being protected from or unlikely to cause danger, risk, or injury.

3 Transport, conduct, or transmit.

4 North American term for railway.

5 The transportation of goods or passengers.

По вертикали:

1 A raised structure along the side of a railway track where passengers get on and off trains at a station.

2 Quickness of movement.

3 Measurement from end to end.

4 A railway carriage.

5 Make a journey.

6 The baby … inside the mother for nine months.

Содержание отчета

1 Тема и цель занятия.

2 Выполненное задание 3.

3 Выполненное задание 6.

4 Вывод о проделанной работе.

Контрольные вопросы и задания

1 Как образуется причастие II?

2 Как переводится причастие II на русский язык?

3 Где используется причастие II?

4 Переведите предложения на русский язык: He doesn’t like boiled milk. I remember well his words said at the meeting. We don’t like the book bought last week. The stolen things were returned to the owner. Asked about this event, he replied nothing.