3. Hypotonia.

???) Treatable causes of hypotonic infant include all of the following, except:

Myastenia gravis

Rickets

Malnutrition

Chronic demyelinating polyneuropathy

Dystrophies

Answer: 5* Dystrophies

***) One of the following statements is correct about floppy infant:

Suprasegmental (central) causes are commoner than segmental (peripheral) ones

Muscle disease is the commenest segmental (peripheral) cause of floppy infants

There are no treatable causes for floppy infant

Anterior horn cell disorder is considered to be supra segmental cause

Tongue fibrillation are caused only by suprasegmental causes (central)

Answer: 1* Suprasegmental (central) causes are commoner than segmental (peripheral) ones

4. Cerebral Palsy (cp).

***) In kernicterus infants staining of the brain is more intense in the:

1. Basal ganglion

2. Cerebellar vermis

3. Cerebral cortex, motor areas

4. Spinal cord

5. Corpus callosum

Answer: A* Basal ganglion

***) Patients with severe cerebral palsy usually die because of:

Urinary tract infections

Chest infections

Meningitis

Heart failure

Hepatic failure

Answer: 2* Chest infections

***) All of the following are clinical features of basal ganglia disorders, except:

Chorea

Athetosis

Dystonia

Myotonia

Hypertonia

Answer: 4* Myotonia

*****************************************

***) Methylphenidate (Ritalin) is a drug used in the treatment of one of the following disorders:

1. Migraine

2. Tension headaches

3. Hyperkinetic behavior

4. Vertigo

5. Epilepsy

Answer: C* Hyperkinetic behavior

• Oncology p87-p90.

1. Leukemia.

***) The commonest malignancy in childhood is:

1. Acute monocytic leukemia

2. Acute lymphocytic leukemia

3. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

4. Neuroblastoma

5. Ewing's sarcoma

Answer: B* Acute lymphocytic leukemia

2. Neuroblastoma.

***) Regarding neuroblastoma all of the following are true, except:

Elevated catecholamine level in urine is specific diagnostic feature

Increased vanillylmindalic acid in most cases

Final diagnosis depends upon the histological characteristic of tumor or biopsy

Polycythemia is common

Neuroblastoma is a tumor of young children

Answer: 4* Polycythemia is common

3. Rhabdomyosarcoma.

???) Rhabdomyosarcoma is:

Benign tumor of skeletal muscle

Malignant tumor of smooth muscle

Malignant tumor of skeletal muscle

Benign tumor of smooth muscle

Malignant tumor of bone

Answer: 3* Malignant tumor of skeletal muscle

???) The most frequently seen malignant urinary bladder tumor in children is:

Melanocarcinoma

Epidermoid carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma

Rapdomyosarcoma botryoides

Leiomyosarcoma

Answer: 4* Rapdomyosarcoma botryoides

• Respirology p90-p95.

1. Croup.

???) Croup could be caused by all of the following, except:

Laryngomalacia

Foreign body

Tracheomalacia

Laryngitis

Tetany

Answer: 5* Tetany

???) Differential diagnosis of croup in children includes each of the following, except:

Foreign body

Cystic fibrosis

Laryngitis

Epiglottitis

Retropharyngeal abscess

Answer: 2* Cystic fibrosis

???) Which of the following groups of viruses cause respiratory infection mainly in babies and infants:

Adenoviruses

Parainfluenza viruses

Enteroviruses

Coronaviruses

Rotaviruses

Answer: 2* Parainfluenza viruses