7. Hypoglycemia.

***) All the following are associated with hypoglycemia in the newborn, except:

1. Neonatal asphyxia

2. Cold stress

3. Diabetic mother

4. Sepsis

5. Rh-incompatibility

Answer: E* Rh-incompatibility

***) All of the following statements are correct about hypoglycemia, except:

1. It may associate neonatal asphyxia

2. It may be manifestation of nesidioblastosis

3. Glucagon and steroids may be used as treatment line

4. Blood sugar of 45mg% is normal in full term infants

5. Ketotic hypoglycemia is rare cause of hypoglycemia in childhood

Answer: E* Ketotic hypoglycemia is rare cause of hypoglycemia in childhood

8. Jaundice.

***) Neonatal jaundice is seen in all the following except:

1. Breast feeding

2. Hypothyroidism

3. Sickle cell disease

4. Galactosemia

5. Septicemia

Answer: C* Sickle cell disease

***) Physiological jaundice is characterized by all of the following, except:

1. Onset after 36 hours of life

2. Disappears by 10-14 days of life

3. Associated always with anemia

4. The total serum bilirubin does not exceed 14 mg%

5. The direct bilirubin does not exceed 1.5 mg%

Answer: C* Associated always with anemia

***) All of the following are criteria for physiological jaundice, except:

1. Starts within the first 24 hours

2. The total serum bilirubin does not exceed 14 mg/dl

3. The direct bilirubin does not exceed 1.5 mg/dl

4. It will disappear within 7-10 days in full terms

5. It does not need treatment by phototherapy

Answer: A* Starts within the first 24 hours

***) In a 12 hours old newborn that has jaundice the roost likely diagnosis of the following is:

1. Erythroblastosis fetalis

2. Physiological jaundice

3. Biliary atresia

4. Liver enzyme deficiency

5. Galactosemia

Answer: A* Erythroblastosis fetalis

***) Jaundice appearing in the first day of life suggests one of the following:

1. Hemolytic disease of the newborn

2. Hypothyroidism

3. Bile duct atresia

4. Breast milk jaundice

5. Liver enzyme deficiency

Answer: A* Hemolytic disease of the newborn

***) All of the following are causes of neonatal jaundice during the first 24 hours of life, except:

1. ABO incompatibility

2. Spherocytosis

3. Biliary atresia

4. G6PD deficiency

5. Rh-incompatibility

Answer: C* Biliary atresia

***) A 2 months old baby is having loose yellow motions after each breastfeeds since birth, body weight is 4.5 kg. The most appropriate action is:

1. Stop breast feeding and give lactose free formula

2. Stop breast milk and start WHO solution

3. Admit to hospital for investigation

4. Give antidiarrheal medicine

5. Reassure the mother that her baby is well

Answer: E* Reassure the mother that her baby is well

***) All of the fallowing increases the risk of neonatal jaundice, except:

1. Prematurity

2. Trisomy 21

3. Elective caesarean section

4. Congenital hypothyroidism

5. Cephalohematoma

Answer: C* Elective caesarean section

9. Necrotizing Enterocolitis (nec).

***) All of the following are predisposing factors for developing necrotizing enterocolitis NEC, except:

1. Prematurity

2. Polycythemia

3. Breast milk feeding

4. Umbilical catheterization

5. Perinatal asphyxia

Answer: C* Breast milk feeding

***) Concerning necrotizing enterocolitis all are true, except:

1. Affects mainly preterm babies

2. Pneumatosis intestinalis is pathognomonic

3. It has very good prognosis

4. Exchange transfusion is a predisposing factor

5. It may occur during the second or third week of life

Answer: C* It has very good prognosis