2.5. The contribution of scientists in the study of the thermal engine.

Many scientists of the world have contributed to the study of the properties of thermal engines. These include Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler, Karl Otto O. Diesel that his work created the modern engine as we know it. But the work of these scientists were demanded by society, because the industry has been to carry loads necessary as rail transport was not everywhere. That is why were developing internal combustion engines, which are allowed to transport goods and passengers transport.

Also it is necessary to call those scholars whose works were not directly related to the automotive industry, but without their contribution to the development of the auto industry would be impossible. It is the creator of synthetic rubber SV Lebedev, the inventor of the cracking process (refining) AA Summer and VG Shukhov, who created the first industrial installation for the cracking of oil.

The introduction of the internal combustion engine has changed the world. Distances decreased since it became possible to overcome them quickly, began the development of many industries related to automotive industry.

2.6 Problems encountered in the implementation of heat engines

With the introduction of heat engines arose also a lot of problems, among them the need to identify social problems and problems of ecological plan.

Thermal engines have changed the world. They have increased the productivity of workers in many times and where the work was carried out before a dozen workers there was only one. Therefore, the introduction of heat engines has led to mass unemployment, public disturbances, for example, you can remember luddistov movement in England.

But the development of industry and stop the use of all heat engines increased, this has led to the emergence of environmental problems in the first place gas content and accumulation activity waste heat engines. To solve these problems, use different ways, for example, transfer heat engines to use cleaner fuels, such as bio-fuel with a high content of ethanol is used as fuel gas. Moral problems when using heat engines are closely linked to environmental issues. In recent years the island has become the world's the question of exhaustion of oil reserves. And many people concerned about the problem of morality the use of deposits of oil, because we pick up these resources from future generations of inhabitants of the planet. Many prominent politicians and scholars in favor of restricting the use of exhaustible mineral reserves.

The car as the vehicle has its pluses and minuses. The advantages can be attributed the fact that with its help you can transport cargo and transport passengers, and to the negative - environmental problems in its use.

3. Conclusions

Based on the contact material may be considered to make a conclusion that the development of the automobile industry has led to the development of science and technology. The automotive industry has been a catalyst for the development of physics, especially metals and alloys of physics, dynamics, theory of strength of materials, chemistry, especially that of new materials applied.

The development of the automotive industry is also required, and the construction of new roads, highways, and building them would also be impossible without new materials for road paving. This also requires the development of industry and science.

Each car must be fuel. Without it, it becomes a simple iron. Therefore it is necessary the development of geology, which is looking for oil deposits, chemistry, which studies the oil refining.

The car in the twentieth century has become not a luxury and not a means of transportation, especially it has become the catalyst that led to the development of science and technology.

 

Glossary

leaking — протекание engine problems — неисправность двигателя to start — заводить машину to keep an engine from running — мешать работать bad fuel mix — плохая горючая смесь to be out of gas, to run out of smth — кончился бензин to be clogged — засориться to supply — подавать properly — так, как должно быть gas tank — бензобак to be worn — износиться to occur — случаться thin gasket — тонкая прокладка to bolt together — стягивать болтами maintenance — обслуживание battery — аккумулятор to turn over the engine — запустить двигатель crankshaft turn — коленвал вращается the engine runs — работает мотор bearing — подшипник to seize — заедать to convert fuel into motion — преобразовавывать топливо в движение subsystem -подсистема

friction — трение to overcome — преодолеть emission — выхлоп methil ether — метиловый эфир nitrogen oxide — окисел азота decompse — разлагаться rape — рапс almost impassable region — труднопроходимая местность pipeline — трубопровод low range – underdrive – speed reduction gearing – понижающая передача displacement — объем двигателя compression ratio — коэффициент сжатия high-octane gasoline — высокооктановый бензин to cram — вместить (воздух в цилиндр) intercooler — интеркулер, промежуточный охладитель polished manifold — отполированный (гладкий) коллектор to lessen — уменьшать back – pressure — обратное давление muffler — глушитель header — водосборник free-flowing — подвешенный to inject — впрыскивать common — общий metering — замер, измерение day-to-day car maintenance — ежедневное обслуживание lubrication system — система смазки

3. REFERENCES.

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