- •1. Explain electrodeposition technology of tungsten
- •2. Discraibe the electrodeposition technoly of molybdenum.
- •3. Explain electrodeposition technoly of rhenium
- •4. Explain electrodeposition technoly of platinium.
- •6. Explain electrodeposition technoly of rhodium
- •7. Explain electrodeposition technoly of osmium.
- •10. Give a certificate of electrochemical methods of Thallium
- •11. Explain electrochemical deposition methods Iridium
- •12. Give an explanation about Electrochemical methods of obtaining germanium.
- •13. Tell about electrochemical methods of producing niobium
- •14. Give an explanation about Electrochemical obtaning methods of vanadium
- •16. Explain about the technology of electrochemical production of bismuth
- •17.Tell about the technology of electrochemical production of titanium
- •18. Tell about the technology of electrochemical production of gold
- •19.Tell about the technology of electrochemical production of silver.
- •20. How to prepare electrolyte for electrodeposition of niobium from organic solution
- •21. How to prepare alkaline glycerol electolyte for electrodeposition of antimony.
- •22. How to prepare alkaline electolyte for electrodeposition of Gallium
- •24. Explain Kazarov, Loshkarev and chloride electrolyte solution for obtain indium.
- •25. Discribe about Marchenko, Ionychev and cyanide electrolyte solution for obtain indium.
- •26.Discribe about sulforic acid and hbf4 electrolyte solution for obtain indium.
- •27. Iurev and Icakova Elctrolyte for obtain ruthenium.
- •28. How to prepare chloride or Kadaner electrolyte for electrodeposition of ruthenium
- •29. How to prepare electrolyte solution for electrodeposition of ruthenium
- •30.Discribe about electrolyte solution for electrodeposition of platinium.
- •31. How to prepare chloride electrolyte for electroreduction of paladium
- •32. How to prepare chloride electrolyte for electroreduction of paladium
- •33.How to prepare nitrite electrolyte for electroreduction of paladium
- •34. How to prepare sulfamine and monoethanolamine electrolyte for electroreduction of paladium
- •35. How to prepare amino chloride electrolyte for electroreduction of rhodium
- •36. Tell about electrolyte composition for obtain of osmium
- •37. Explain chloride electrolyte for obtain Iridium by electrochemical process.
- •38. Tell about nitrite electrolyte solutions for deposition of platinium.
- •39. How to prepare nitirc electrolyte for electrodeposition of bismuth
- •40. How to prepare organical electrolyte for electrodeposition of bismuth.
- •41. How to prepare electrolyte solution for electrodeposition of arsenium
- •42. Explain cyanide electrolyte solution forelectro deposition of silver.
- •43. Explain cyanide electrolyte solution for electro deposition of gold.
- •44. How to prepare sulfamine and monoethanolamine electrolyte for electroreduction of palladium
- •45. How to prepare amino chloride electrolyte for electroreduction of rhodium
10. Give a certificate of electrochemical methods of Thallium
Thallium is a bluish-gray ductile metal. Its density 11.85 g/cm3, melting point 303 C. Thallium twice softer lead. It is soluble in nitric acid and slightly in sulphuric. In the compounds of monovalent and trivalent. It is toxic, and the storage should be under a protective coating. For electrochemical deposition of thallium is recommended the following composition (g/l) and mode: thallium sulfate – 50-70 carpenter's glue – 1 phenol – 0,5 temperature 15-25 C pH – 1 the current density is 3 A/dm2 the current efficiency is 96 % Insoluble platinum anodes. The pH value was adjusted to given values by the surging of sulfuric acid.
11. Explain electrochemical deposition methods Iridium
Iridium - silver-white metal with a density of 22.4 g/cm3 and a melting temperature of 2440° C. The thermal conductivity of iridium is 5 times lower, and the electric conductivity is 3.3 times lower than that of silver. Its atomic weight of 193.1. Chemically the most stable of his four - and trivalent compounds. Electrochemical equivalent - 1,801 g/(Ah). Iridium is chemically resistant to mineral and organic acids, and slightly soluble in Aqua Regia. By the action of chlorine iridium forms a mixture of iridium four - and trichloride. When dissolved in hydrochloric acid IrCl4 goes into acid, H2IrCl6, which with excess of ammonium chloride to form ammonium (NH4J2IrCl6 — black crystals with a solubility in water not higher than 13 g/L. Iridium different brands available to our industry. For preparation of the electrolyte can be used in the refined iridium powder supplied. Electroplating iridium differ significant the hardness resistance to oxidation at high temperatures. In connection with the chemical resistance and the difficulty of translating metallic iridium in a soluble salt of great interest is the method of preparing the electrolytes for the deposition of iridium by metal dissolution.Iridium in acid when exposed to an alternating electric current of industrial frequency. To obtain the chloride of the electrolyte plate made of metal iridium halt as electrodes in an electrolyte consisting of hydrochloric acid with a concentration of it - 40 g/L. The process of electrolytic dissolution is carried out at 20° C and a current density of 20-30 A/дм2с frequency of 50 Hz. In this case the current output reaches 2.5% to 2.8%. In sulfuric acid solution at a current density of 15 A/dm2 output current reaches 4%. The concentration of iridium salts by dissolving it in alternating current, can be reduced to 40 g/l in terms of metal. Works I. E. Gurevich the composition of the electrolyte allows to obtain a layer of iridium with a thickness of 1 — 2 µm. As the platinum anodes are used. For composing the electrolyte in a measured quantity of water is introduced for the calculation of sulphuric acid, heat the solution to 60-70° C, and then introduced ammonium in small doses while stirring vigorously. In addition, each subsequent dose is added only after complete dissolution of the previous one. When the mode of deposition are obtained bright, and the polished surface is lustrous precipitation of iridium.