Discribe the electrodeposition technoly of molybdenum-2

Discribe about electrolyte solution for electrodeposition of platinium.-32

Discribe about Marchenko, Ionychev and cyanide electrolyte solution for obtain indium.-27

Discribe about sulforic acid and HBF₄ electrolyte solution for obtain indium.-28

Explain about the technology of electrochemical production of bismuth.-18

Explain chloride electrolyte for obtain Iridium by electrochemical process.-39

Explain cyanide electrolyte solution for electro deposition of gold.-43

Explain cyanide electrolyte solution for electro deposition of silver.-10

Explain electrochemical deposition methods indium.-11

Explain electrochemical deposition methods Iridium.-13

Explain electrochemical deposition methods ruthenium.-8

Explain electrodeposition technoly of osmium.-7

Explain electrodeposition technoly of paladium.‑5

Explain electrodeposition technoly of platinium.-4

Explain electrodeposition technoly of rhenium.-3

Explain electrodeposition technoly of rhodium.-6

Explain electrodeposition technoly of tungsten.-1

Explain Kazarov, Loshkarev and chloride electrolyte solution for obtain indium.-26

Explain the electrochemical obtaning technology of Antimony.-17

Give a certificate of electrochem.methods of Thallium-12

Give an explanation about Electrochemical methods of obtaining germanium.-14

Give an explanation about Electrochemical obtaning methods of vanadium.-16

How to prepare alkaline electolyte for electrodeposition of gallium-24

How to prepare alkaline glycerol electolyte for electrodeposition of antimony.-23

How to prepare amino chloride electrolyte for electroreduction of rhodium-37

How to prepare amino chloride electrolyte for electroreduction of rhodium-45

How to prepare chloride electrolyte for electroreduction of palladium-33

How to prepare chloride electrolyte for electroreduction of palladium-34

How to prepare chloride or Kadaner electrolyte for electrodeposition of ruthenium-30

How to prepare electrolyte for electrodeposition of niobium from organic solution.-22

How to prepare electrolyte solution for electrodeposition of ruthenium-31

How to prepare electrolyte solution for electrodeposition of arsenium-9

How to prepare nitirc electrolyte for electrodeposition of bismuth-41

How to prepare nitrite electrolyte for electroreduction of palladium-35

How to prepare organical electrolyte for electrodeposition of bismuth-42

How to prepare sulfamine and monoethanolamine electrolyte for electroreduction of palladium-36

How to prepare sulfamine and monoethanolamine electrolyte for electroreduction of palladium-44

Iurev and Icakova Elctrolyte for obtain ruthenium.-29

Tell about ammonium and sulferic acidic electrolyte solution for electrodeposition of rhenium-25

Tell about electrochem.methods of producing niobium.-15

Tell about electrolyte composition for obtain of osmium-38

Tell about nitrite electrolyte solutions for deposition of platinium.-40

Tell about the technology of electrochemical production of gold-20

Tell about the technology of electrochemical production of silver-21

Tell about the technology of electrochemical production of titanium-19

1. Explain electrodeposition technology of tungsten

Tungsten – white, malleable metal with a density of 19.3 g/cm3 and a melting point of 3370. Insoluble in acids and in Aqua Regia, but dissolves in a mixture of nitric and hydrofluoric acids. During the deposition of tungsten thick coatings produced from the composition containing 10-30 % of calcium tungstate and 70-90% calcium chloride. Working temperature 1100 C, the current density of 20-30 A/dm2. As soluble anodes are plates of tungsten. The current efficiency at the cathode and at the anode is 100 %. Upon reaching the thickness of 15 microns, i.e. after 30 minutes, covered with details extracted from the bath and remove the dendrites, then the capacity-tungsten can be produced again. For the deposition of tungsten also provided is an electrolyte with lower melt temperature. It contains the molar fraction the following components in the mixture (%): equimolecular a mixture of potassium chloride and sodium chloride – 89,25 the tungstate of sodium – 8,00 metaphosphate sodium – 0,25 sodium pyrophosphate – 2,50 Electrodeposition is carried out at a working temperature of 700 C and cathodic current density 10 A/dm2 with anodes made of tungsten. Aqueous solutions of tungsten is deposited with a minimum thickness, what is it used for the electrolyte of the following composition (g/l): the tungstate of sodium in terms of metal – 10 hydrofluoric acid – 50 sodium hydroxide – 20 The deposition is conducted at a working temperature of 20-25 C and a cathode current density of 200 A/dm2. As used anodes of platinized titanium or graphite. The process takes 20-30 minutes to obtain a layer thickness 3-4 µm. The coating is bright, glossy, with a gloss of 62 %. The scattering ability of the electrolyte is 10-12 %.

2. Discraibe the electrodeposition technoly of molybdenum.

Molybdenum is a silvery-white metal, density 10.2 g/cm3 and a melting point of 2650° C. electrical resistivity of 4.7•1O-6 Ohm-cm Hardness HB 240. Soluble in nitric acid and in Aqua Regia when heated. Hydrochloric and sulphuric acids are practically not act on it. The atomic weight of 95.95, and the electrochemical equivalent for hexavalent molybdenum 0,596 g/(A-h). The deposition of molybdenum with obtaining high Prakriti can be produced from a melt containing the following components (% by weight): Harmonybut potassium K3MoCl6 ......... 25 Potassium chloride KCl............ . 37,5 It is noted that from this it is possible to melt the layer thickness up to 500 microns. From aqueous solutions it is possible to deposition of thin layer coatings with molybdenum. The electrolyte for this purpose contain the following components (g/l): Ammonium molybdate in terms of metal ................. 5 Hydrofluoric acid.......... 25 The deposition of lead at the operating temperature of 18--20° C and a cathode current density of 100 A/dm2 with insoluble anodes platinised titanium or graphite. The coating can be thick and shiny with thick within the 2-3 microns. If you change the concentration of the components deposited black molybdenum. This requires the following electrolyte composition (g/l): Ammonium molybdate in terms of metal 50

At the operating temperature of 40° C and cathode current density of 5 A/dm2 deposited coating in black color, having a coefficient of absolutely black body of about 90%. During deposition the pH is maintained within the five adjustments with ammonia. The deposition rate is in the range of 0.7—1.2 µm/min, and exposure time is 5 min .