The pronoun (местоимение)

Personal Pronoun Case Forms

Subjective Кто? Что?	Objective Кого? Кому?	Possessive Чей?
I	Me	my, mine
you	you	your, yours
he	him	his
she	her	her, hers
it	it	its
we	us	our, ours
you	you	your, yours
they	them	their, theirs

Exercise 1. Use subjective pronouns instead of underlined nouns.

1. The question is very important. 2. Students attend lectures. 3. Elizabeth II has been the British queen since 1952. 4. Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882-1945) was the 32^nd President of the United States. 5. A robot can perform repetitive operations. 6. Supercomputers are used to design automobiles, aircraft, and spacecraft to predict the weather. 7. The company produces cars. 8. Kate and Nick are pen friends. 9. My friend and I are going to Italy on holidays. 10. Mikhail Lomonosov, the son of a fisherman, arrived in Moscow in 1730.

Exercise 2. Change subjective pronouns into possessive ones.

1. Olga is (I) little sister. (She) eyes are brown and (she) hair is fair. 2. (We) room is large. (It) windows are wide and clean. 3. (I) father is a worker at a factory. (He) car is in the street. 4. (You) cat, Mike, is not in the yard, it is in (we) kitchen. 5. Where are (you) books, students? 6. What is (they) telephone number? 7. Who knows (she) address? 8. The bank changed (it) name. 9. The students have (they) exams in winter. 10. Please put (you) coats here. 11. We are going to sell (we) car. 12. Marks phones (he) girlfriend every day.

Exercise 3. Fill in the necessary possessive pronoun.

1. I take (свою) pen. 2. Ann takes (свою) bag. 3. Peter opens (свою) exercise-book. 4. We open (свои) notebooks. 5. They take (свои) pencils. 6. You meet (своих) friends. 7. The dog likes (своего) master. 8. I read (свое) composition. 9. She is putting (свой) dictionary. 10. We are talking about (своем) journey. 11. They are writing (свои) exercises. 12. I pass (свои) exams. 13. Describe (свою) sister. 14. Solve (свою) problem.

Exercise 4. Use possessive pronouns in the gaps and instead of the underlined words.

Dr Swift and the Boy

A wealthy old lady who lived near Dr. Swift used to send him presents occasionally by ___servant. Dr. Swift took the lady’s presents but never gave the boy anything for ___trouble. One day as Swift was busy with ___ writing, the boy rushed into Swift’s room, knocked some books out of the books’ place, threw ___ parcel on the desk and said, “___ mistress has sent you two of ___ rabbits.”

Swift turned round and said, “___ boy, that is not the way to deliver ___ parcel. Now, you sit on ___ chair, watch ___ way of doing it and learn ___ lesson.”

The boy sat down. Swift went out, knocked on Swift’s door and waited. The boy said, “Come in.” The doctor entered, walked to ___ desk and said, “If you please sir, ___ mistress sends ___ kind regards and hopes you will accept these rabbits which ___ son shot this morning in ___ fields.”

The boy answered, “Thank you, ___ boy. Give ___ mistress and ___ son Dr Swift’s thanks for ___ kindness and here is two shillings for you.”

The Doctor laughed, and after that, Swift never forgot to give the boy ___ tip.

Exercise 5. Read and learn.

The Love/Hate Song

She loves him.

He loves her.

We love them and they love us.

I love him.

He loves me.

We love everybody.

She hates him.

He hates her.

We hate them and they hate us.

I hate him.

He hates me.

We hate everybody.

Exercise 6. Use subjective and objective pronouns instead of the underlined words.

1. This film is not suitable for children. 2. Mike worked hard at physics. 3. The teacher is helping the students to translate the text. 4. The man gave the keys to the son. 5. My mother is going to write a letter to her sister in the evening. 6. Father will ask Mary to buy the tickets. 7. Pete doesn’t like to study chemistry. 8. The woman looks at the boy with such a surprise. 9. Harry knows Miss Bell by name rather well.

Exercise 7. Fill in the gaps with objective pronouns.

1. It is my magazine. Could you give ___ back, please? 2. We are good students, so our teacher is proud of ___. 3. This is the photo of ___ with my girlfriend. 4. Aunt Mary is very kind. I like ___ a lot. 5. Our brother is very busy. We don’t see ___ a lot. 6. I have a lot of friends. I play tennis with ___ at weekends. 7. They have a new car, but they don’t like ___. 8. Our professor gives ___ a lot of interesting material. 9. I live near my colleague. He sometimes gives ___a lift. 10. She has a daughter, but she doesn’t have much time to play with ___. 11. My sister has a cat. Sometimes I look after ___ when she is on a business trip. 12. He speaks very quickly. I often don’t understand ___.

Exercise 8. Choose the correct form of the pronoun.

1. This suitcase isn’t my/mine. It is your/yours. 2. Whose car is it? It is his/him. 3. Our/ours cottage is smaller than their/theirs. 4. I like her/hers new dress. 5. These books belong to us and those books are also our/ours. 6. My/mine children are younger than your/yours. 7. Him/his garden is bigger than their/theirs. 8. Who’s talking to her/hers?

Exercise 9. Translate the sentences, paying attention to it.

1. It is a well-known fact that a solid expands when we heat it. 2. It is very interesting to watch this device in motion. It is quite a new device. It is used for measuring high pressure. 3. If the valve in the cylinder moves easily, it should be replaced immediately. 4. When a ray strikes an atom, it may knock an electron out of the atom. 5. It is to be noted that ocean cables are one of the most dependable means of transmission. 6. It was found that a needle of a compass moved when it was put near a wire with a current flowing through it. 7. It seems unlikely that this experiment will give good results. 8. It took us half an hour to get there. 9. It is now possible for a scientist to find a book he needs very quickly with the help of computer systems. 10. It was in 1957 that the first man-made satellite was launched in our country.

Exercise 10. Complete the dialogue, using some, any, no.

A: I’m phoning you about the flat advertised in the newspaper. Are there (1) ___ rules I should know about?

B: Er, yes. You can’t have (2) ___ pets. (3)___ dogs, (4) ___ cats. We’ve had (5) ___problems with animals in the past.

A: Oh, fine. I’ve got (6) ___ friends coming to visit me at the weekend. Is that OK?

B: That’s (7) ___ problem. Visitors are very welcome until ten o’clock.

A: And after ten?

B: No. You can’t have (8) ___ guests in your room after ten. House rules, I’m afraid.

A: Do you have (9) ___ other rules like that?

B: There are (10) ___ little things, but nothing important.

A: OK, well, I’m going to look at (11) ___ other flats this afternoon. I’ll give you a call this evening.

B: OK. Speak to you later.

основа	some какой-то	any какой-нибудь	no никакой	every каждый
body (обозначает лицо	somebody кто-то	anybody кто-нибудь	nobody никто	everybody каждый, все
thing (обозначает предмет)	something что-то	anything что-нибудь, всё	nothing ничего	everything всё
one (некто)	someone кто-то (один)	anyone кто-нибудь, любой	no one, none никто, ни один	everyone каждый все
where (где, куда)	somewhere где-то, куда-то	anywhere где-нибудь, куда-нибудь	nowhere нигде, никуда	everywhere везде, повсюду
how (как)	somehow как-то	anyhow как-нибудь	nohow никак	in every way всячески, по-всякому

Exercise 11. Read and translate.

Everybody

This story is about four men named Everybody, Somebody, Anybody, and Nobody. There was an important job to be done and Everybody was asked to do it. Everybody was sure that Somebody would do it. Anybody could have done it, but Nobody did it. Somebody got angry about that, because it was Everybody’s job. Everybody thought that Anybody could do it, and Nobody realized that Everybody wouldn’t do it. It ended up that Everybody blamed Somebody when actually Nobody blamed Anybody.

Exercise 12. Use some, any, no, something, anything, nothing, somebody, anybody, nobody in the gaps.

1. Do you have ___ classes today? No, we have ___ classes on Saturday. 2. Have you got ___ questions? 3. I want to tell you ___ interesting about our friend. 4. Is there ___ interesting in today’s paper? 5. Come here, I’ll show you ___ pictures of our country-house. 6. There is ___ in the fridge. Go and buy ___. 7. Do you know ___ in this house? 8. Hi! Is there ___ in the house? No, I’m afraid, ___ is. Let’s go and see. 9. There is light in the flat. ___ is at home. 10. ___ knows their new address.

Exercise 13. Use some or any in the gaps.

1. I don’t have ___ money in my pocket, but I have ___ money in the bank. 2. Are there ___ letters for me this morning? 3. I never have ___ breakfast. I am not hungry in the morning. 4. You have ___ lovely pictures in your room. 5. Are you Canadian? I have ___ good friends in Canada. 6. Don’t buy ___ bread in the shop. There’s a lot in the kitchen. 7. Do you have ___ brothers or sisters? 8. There aren’t ___ restaurants in our village, just a post office and a pub. 9. I would like ___ cheese. Is there ___ in the fridge? 10. ___ people like flying, but other people don’t.

Exercise 14. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to some, somebody, someone, something.

1. We need some more paint. 2. Some day I’ll be famous. 3. I need to get some sleep. 4. Have some tea; it’ll warm you up. 5. Have some more cake. There’s a lot left. 6. I have invited some of my friends, but not all. 7. We are looking for someone who is reliable and hard-working. 8. You should think twice about employing someone you’ve never met. 9. I don’t know what he does, but I know it has something to do with computers.

Exercise 15. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to any, anybody, anyone, anything.

1. You can buy anything you want. 2. Anyone could win this game. 3. Is there anybody who can help me? 4. If anyone sees Lisa, ask her to call me. 5. I haven’t spoken to anyone all day. 6. I don’t think anybody’s leaving. 7. I don’t want anything else, thank you. 8. I went to the bar but there wasn’t anyone there. 9. Is there anything new in the article? 10. Have you heard anything about their album? 11. Will anybody study German next year? 12. He was prepared to do anything to make a bit of money. 13. Anyone who is interested in going on the trip should see me in room 4210. 14. Anybody can use the pool - you don’t need to be a member. 15. In 1869, before anyone knew anything about nuclei or electrons, Russian chemist Dmitry Mendeleyev grouped the elements according to their physical qualities and discovered the periodic law.

Exercise 16. Choose the correct word.

1. There’s anybody/somebody waiting to see you. 2. There’s always somebody/anybody at home in the evenings. 3. Anybody/anything can see that it’s wrong. 4. We are looking for somebody/something with experience of this type of work. 5. There’s somebody/anybody at the door. 6. Talk to me before you do anything/anybody extreme. 7. Ask somebody/something else to help you. 8. The exercises are so simple that almost anyone/somebody can do them. 9. Sorry to interrupt, but there’s someone/something to see you. 10. Hello, is there anybody/anything there? 11. I can’t promise anybody/anything, but I’ll do what I can. 12. Her job has something/somebody to do with computers. 13. There’s something/someone wrong with the printer. 14. Haven’t you got anything/anybody else to wear? 15. Did somebody/anybody go to the cinema yesterday?

Exercise 17. Translate the sentences with one.

1. One must do one’s job. 2. One should be careful when climbing the mountains. 3. In such circumstances one does not know what to do. 4. One can find nice singers even in a provincial Opera House. 5. We have not got a birthday cake. We have to buy one. 6. Your former apartment was nice but the one you live in now is much more convenient. 7. This is a tiny boat and that is a big one. 8. I don’t like green apples. Give me red ones. 9. Larry has eaten his sweet. Give him another one. 10. He knew that no one could help him. 11. One should always inspect the machine before he turns it on. 12. One must know that these rays produce a harmful effect on man. 13. This solid is denser than that one. 14. The idea of automation is one of the most important ideas for modern industry.

Exercise 18. Read and learn.

This, That, These, Those

This, that,

these, those.

Snap your fingers,

touch your toes.

This, that,

those, these.

Shrug your shoulders,

bend your knees.

Exercise 19. Translate the sentences, paying attention to pronouns this, that, these, those.

1. Who are those students over there? 2. Come and have a look at this nice pet. 3. What is that on the shelf? 4. Thanks, that was great! 5. Did you hear that voice in the night? 6. Do you like this magazine? 7. These are all my friends. 8. Tell him to stop this music. 9. These shoes are hurting my feet. 10. I didn’t like those jokes he told.

Exercise 20. Translate the sentences with that.

1. Chemistry is the science that deals with the structure of matter and its changes. 2. It should be noted that plastics are widely used in everyday life. 3. The speed of lighter molecules is greater than that of heavier ones. 4. It is heat that causes many chemical changes. 5. The fact is that our era began with the discovery of the electric current. 6. That this system has a lot of possibilities is known to everybody. 7. Energy that is produced by this hydroelectric station is used for industry.

Exercise 21. Match a word with its definition.

Example: A farmer is a person who grows crops or has animals.

1. a cassette player 2. an author 3. a camera 4. an archeologist 5. an encyclopedia 6. a calculator 7. a farmer 8. a dictionary

is a book is a person is a machine

who which

gives the meaning of words grows crops or has animals gives us information plays recordings studies things from the past takes photographs writes books does mathematical calculations

Exercise 22. Complete the sentences about your city, using which, that, who.

1. There is a really good club in our city___. 2. I love going to places ___. 3. I hate places___. 4. I’d love to live somewhere___. 5. Our city is famous for people ___.

Exercise 23. Complete the sentences so that they are true for you. Use who, which or where.

1. I know someone ___. 2. I’ve got a friend ___. 3. I’ve never been to a country ___. 4. I know a place ___. 5. I don’t like cars ___. 6. I’ve never had a holiday ___. 7. I like to go out with people___.