Substitute words (слова - заместители)

Exercise 1. Answer the questions using one or ones.

Example: Do you have a bag? (brown)

Yes, I have a brown one.

1. Does she have a cardigan? (grey). 2. Does your uncle have a watch? (gold). 3. Does Tom have trainers? (white). 4. Do your friends have a car? (blue). 5. Does John have a camera? (Japanese). 6. Does Mary have gloves? (leather). 7. Do you have a pen? (black). 8. Does your sister have any children? (small). 9. Does Ann have a dress? (pink). 10. Do you have a flat? (comfortable).

Exercise 2. Translate the sentences.

1. The right hand is usually stronger than the left one. 2. These tables are very small. We need bigger ones. 3. Our old laboratory equipment was much worse than the new one. 4. The new computers are more powerful than the old ones. 5. Scientists and engineers work out new processes and improve old ones to produce better kinds of materials. 6. The system to protect the town from floods is a unique one. 7. This is more important problem than that one. 8. Observations show that a hot object radiates more heat than a cold one. 9. These tasks are more complicated than the ones he has told about. 10. Heat passes from a hotter body to a colder one. 11. She doesn’t have a dictionary. She must buy one. 12. These cases are small, we need bigger ones. 13. I don’t like this camera. Give me another one. 14. This is a good translation, but that one is full of mistakes. 15. She bought a brown leather bag and two small ones for her daughters. 16. I brought them a French magazine and two English ones.

Exercise 3. What is the function of one in the sentences? Translate the sentences.

1. When speaking over the telephone, one takes the receiver and speaks into a transmitter. 2. We can advise you several procedures, but this is the most reliable one. 3. One of their aims is to define speed of the reaction. 4. I know only one solution of this problem. 5. The old methods of investigation are regarded as inadequate ones. 6. Reading the map one can see that water covers the most part of the Earth’s surface. 7. There are some flasks on the shelves. The one on the top shelf is with the acid. The black one is empty. 8. The newly developed technique has certain advantages over the old one. 9. There is only one way out from this situation. 10. Could you name any problems as fundamental ones? 11. One must think of another approach to solving the problem.

Exercise 4. Translate the sentences, paying attention to one.

1. The idea of automation is one of the most important ideas for modern industry. 2. He knew that no one could help him. 3. Our old laboratory equipment was much worse than the new one. 4. Due to radioactive elements one can measure the thickness of various materials. 5. One should always inspect the machine before he turns it on. 6. One cannot read such technical papers without a dictionary. 7. One must know that these rays produce a harmful effect on man. 8. The new power stations are much more powerful than the old ones. 9. One can easily regulate the speed of this machine. 10. This solid is denser than that one. 11. These are new measuring instruments; their accuracy is much higher than the old ones.

Exercise 5. Translate the sentences with that or those.

1. I saw my mistake and that of the other student. 2. Your translations are better than those of your friend. 3. The price of meat is higher than that of fish. 4. At our office there are few computers similar to those described in this magazine. 5. The production of coal increased by 57% and that of oil by 22%. 6. The weight of one case is 10 kg and that of the other is 15 kg. 7. During the third quarter of this year capital investments to construction were larger as compared with those of last year. 8. The property of conductors is different from that of insulators. 9. This region of Russia and that of Canada have similar climate. 10. The mixture is identical with that mentioned above. 11. The density of the liquid air is less than that of water. 12. The instruments in our laboratory are not so modern as those in yours. 13. The mistakes in your last test are not so numerous than those in the previous one.

Exercise 6. Translate the sentences, paying attention to that.

1. Chemistry is the science that deals with the structure of matter and its changes. 2. It should be noted that plastics are widely used in everyday life. 3. The speed of lighter molecules is greater than that of heavier ones. 4. Atomic energy can serve people but one should never forget that that energy can also destroy the world. 5. That research in the field of converting solar energy into electricity is very important today is quite evident. 6. It is heat that causes many chemical changes. 7. The mixture is identical with that mentioned above. 8. Energy that is produced by hydroelectric stations is used for industry. 9. The fact is that our era began with the discovery of the electric current. 10. The transmission of information by radio waves requires that some specific installations should be employed. 11. That this system has far-reaching possibilities is known to everybody.

Exercise 7. Translate the sentences, paying attention to it.

1. If the valve in the cylinder moves easily, it should be replaced immediately. 2. It is to be noted that ocean cables are one of the most dependable means of transmission yet designed. 3. It was in 1957 that the first man-made satellite was launched in our country. 4. It was found that a needle of a compass moved when it was put near a wire with a current. 5. It seems unlikely that this experiment will give good results. 6. It is a well-known fact that a solid expands when we heat it. 7. It is now possible for a scientist to find a book he needs very quickly with the help of computer system. 8. It can be said that everything that is being done in the development of a new progressive technology is the result of our scientists’ and engineers’ joint efforts. 9. It is very interesting to watch this device in action. It is quite a new device. It is used for measuring high pressure.

Exercise 8. Find the Russian equivalents to the following proverbs and quotations.

1. Better a little fire to warm us, than a great one to burn us. 2. The question of who or what the Me is, is not a simple one at all. (Mark Twain) 3. Talent is cheaper than table salt. What separates the talented individual the successful one is hard work. (Stephen King) 4. Love is like a precious plant. You can’t just accept it and leave it in the cupboard or just think it’s going to get on by itself. You’ve got to keep watering it. You’ve got to really look after it and nurture it. (John Lennon) 5. We don’t inherit the earth from our ancestors, we borrow it from our children. (David Brower)