IV Study the expressions with the key words,guess their meanings,listen to their translation into native language.

• to prevent collision

• lack of vigilance

• violation of Rules – COLREGs

• negligence of (good) seamanship

• proximity of dangers

• impact on stbd side

• damage to the hull

• to manouvre with difficulty

• to keep clear of passer-by

• to reduce speed (distance)

• to deviate from the course

• to sheer to port/stbd

• to appreciate risk (of collision)

• to capsize immediately

• to avoid the CPA (collision)

• to encounter the oncomer

• to pose a threat

• to overtake the vessel

• to identify the position

• imminent danger

• near miss situation

V Rearrange the following words into sentences,check your answers with the keys below.

1. to, sheered, they, stbd, to, prevent, In, collision, order.

2. Lack, vigilance, of, pose, to, of, may, collision, watchkeeping, vessels, the, a, in, threat.

3. The, having, the, appreciated, from, team, risk, oncomer, course, the, speed, reduced, the, and, deviated, of, bridge, the, collision, with.

4. first, is, of, Negligence, all, the, of, seamanship, associated, good, COLREGs, with, of, violation.

5. to, manoeuvring, The, due, proximity, of, navigational, with, vessel, difficulty, in, area, dangers, was, the.

6. the, avoid, other, They, too, identified, to, CPA, ship’s, late, position.

7. the, we, vessel, to, side, in, narrow, the, we, oncomer, encountered, which, crossing, were, was, overtaking, our, stbd, course, from, port, When, the.

was, evident, The, near, situation, miss.

8. the, imminent, on, the, stbd, was, evident, by, tanker, was, heavy, of, passenger, the, vessel, that, The, so, side, impact, of, her, danger,capsizing.

9. of, hull, The, in, damage, distress, was, the, significant, ship’s.

Keys:

1. In order to prevent collision they steered to stbd.

2. Lack of vigilance in watchkeeping may pose a threat of collision to the vessels.

3. The bridge team, having appreciated the risk of collision with the oncomer, reduced the speed and deviated from the course.

4. Negligence of good seamanship is associated, first of all, with the violation of COLREGs.

5. The vessel was manoeuvring with difficulty due to proximity of navigational dangers in the area.

6. They identified the other ship’s position too late to avoid CPA.

7. When we were overtaking the vessel in the narrow, we encountered the oncomer which was crossing our course from port to stbd side.

The near miss situation was evident.

8. The impact on stbd side of the passenger vessel by the tanker was so heavy that the imminent danger of her capsizing was evident.

9. The damage of the ship’s hull in distress was significant.

VI Study the extended version of key words and word combinations in two Dozes: Doze 1 and Doze 2

Doze 1

Doze 2

track to be bound for to verify the track (course) CPA to overtake to observe any threat from the traffic to identify imminent to deviate widely to prevent collision to reduce speed lack of adequate alertness/ caution to impede the safe passage to answer distress call to get in touch with significant/major/minor damage to make water extent of damage to anticipate damage to to sustain loss to be a dangerous target disraction from duties time factor to maintain VHF contact to anticipate actions disagreement in VHF communications to clarify smb’s intentions to maintain a proper lookout by all available means over-reliance on information to come to passing agreement to have a full understanding of the COLREGs

threat to take over the course to overhaul to assess risk of collision to identify to maintain situational awareness near miss to comply with the collision regulations to take the appropriate action lack of adequate knowledge to alter course to stbd/port to report position to have a heavy list to port/stbd to be not under command to abandon vessel after collision to sustain damage to minimise effect of collision to lose situational awaraness confusion in vessels’ identification language barrier early application of COLREGs to apprehend each other data incorrect assessment of situation to navigate parallel courses to slow down to make full appraisal of the situation to take charge of navigational watch to bring one’s vessel to safety out from collision course in the environment of mutual comprehension, understanding and coordination