Test 2e

Task 1. Study the text.

Judiciary of great britain

The judiciary of the UK consists of five tiers of the courts of law. The highest court of the UK is the Supreme Court. The Court has appellate jurisdiction in civil and criminal cases from the Courts of Appeal in England and Northern Ireland and in civil cases only from the Court of Session in Scotland.

The Court of Appeal sits in both civil and criminal divisions. The Civil division hears appeals from the High Court, county courts, certain special courts and tribunals. The Criminal division hears appeals by persons convicted on indictment in the Crown Courts.

The High Court in its civil jurisdiction is divided into three Divisions: Queen’s Bench, Chancery, and Family. Each of the division hears the cases within its jurisdiction. The criminal jurisdiction of the High Court is exercised exclusively by the Queen’s Bench Division. This divisional court deals with appeals from a Crown Court and magistrates’ courts, and also exercises the supervisory jurisdiction of the court. The Family division deals with the cases concerning minors, child custody, parenthood, etc. The Chancery division deals with business law, trusts law, probate law, insolvency, land law, etc.

The Crown Court exercises criminal jurisdiction and sittings are held regularly at major towns throughout England and Wales. It comprises judges of the Queen’s Bench Division of the High Court, Circuit judges and Recorders (part-time judges). They sit singly with juries trying persons charged on indictment with crimes. A judge of the Crown Court sits with two to four justices of the peace to hear appeals from magistrates’ courts.

The Central Criminal Court, known as the Old Bailey, is a sitting of the Crown Court, having criminal jurisdiction only over offences committed in Greater London or on the high seas.

County courts have exclusively civil jurisdiction, which is limited in extent and in area. The judges are persons who also hold office as Circuit Judges of the Crown Court.

Magistrates’ courts consist of a magistrate or of from two to seven justices of the peace. These courts have civil jurisdiction in relation to certain debts, licences, and domestic proceedings. In the exercise of criminal jurisdiction one or more justices may sit as examining magistrates to conduct a preliminary investigation into an indictable offence.

Task 2. Translate the marked paragraphs into Russian.

Task 3. Put the questions to the following sentences using prompts in brackets:

1. Criminal jurisdiction is exercised by the Crown Court. (What court … ? Alternative)

2. The case will be heard by the Queen’s Bench division. (Why ...? General)

3. The facts are being considered by the jury now. (What ...? Disjunctive)

4. The judge for the case has been appointed by the Chairman. (Whom ...? What .... by the Chairman?)

4. Put the verbs in brackets into required Tense Form (Present Indefinite, Present Continuous, Present Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous Active)

1. I am delighted to meet you, I always (to want) to. 2. I'm a great traveler: I (to visit) over thirty coun­tries. 3. I'm exhausted. I (to work) all day, and I (not to finish) yet. 4. I (to visit) many countries in the last five years. 5. How careless you are! You (to break) your mother's favourite cup. 6. Excuse me, I (to look) for a phone box. Is there one near here? 7. She just (to come); she will speak to you in a minute. 8. It (to get) dark. I (to think) we must leave now.

5. Put the verbs in brackets into required Tense Form (Past Indefinite, Past Continuous, Past Perfect, Past Perfect Continuous Active)

1. He (to return) home at 5 p.m. on Sunday, we just (to have) tea. 2. My eyes ached because I (to read) for three hours. 3. It (to rain) outside and the children (to cry), so we (to decide) to play a game. 4. I knew the facts of the case because I (to read) the report. 5. We (not to know) what to do when the computer (to break down). 6. He (to wait) for her for long time before she (to come). 10. Tom (to do) his home­work when his friend (to phone) him. 11. “You (to see) the match last night?” - “No. I (to try) to get some work done.”

6. Put the verbs in brackets into required Tense Form (Future Indefinite, Future Continuous, Future Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous Active)

1. They (to accomplish) this mission by the end of this month. 2. Don't come tomorrow, I (to write) my report. 3. Don’t worry, I (to help) you with pleasure. 4. I (to work) at the library for 3 hours when you come there. 5. This time tomorrow, I (to pack) my suitcases. 6. The forecast says the weather (to improve) by tomorrow. 7. "I ... (to help) you find the house," said the post­man.

7. Transform the following sentences from the Active Voice into the Passive Voice using the recommended beginnings.

1. They will turn the idea down in the first voting. The idea …

2. They serve hot meals till 10 pm every day. Hot meals …

3. They frown on bringing in your own food here. Bringing in …

4. Dogs have been guarding this property. This property …

5. Landslide has destroyed most of the village. Most …

6. Someone warned him not to come. He …

7. People often take her for her sister. She …

8. Transform the Direct Speech sentences into the Indirect Speech sentences.

1. She asked, “Haven’t you got any plans at all?”

2. “Ask the manager for permission”, he recommended.

3. “I’ve made two important deals this year”, he informed.

4. She interested, “Do you want to go abroad?”

5. She said, “I’m doing my first year at the University.”

6. “I’ll spend some money on new clothes”, he decided.

7. “I can’t do anything about it tonight”, he thought.

8. “If the copier doesn’t work call for technician”, he said.

9. “Don’t stand in the doorway”, the caretaker told the pupil.

10. “Why don’t you learn Spanish?”, she asked.

11. “Where are you going for your holidays?”, she wondered.