modal verbs and their equivalents |
The Modal verbs Can (Could) |
The Modal verbs May (Might) |
The Modal verb must |
The modal verbs to have to and to be |
The modal verb need |
The modal verb should/would, ought to |
Revision exercises on Modal Verbs |
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Modal verbs and their equivalents
Ex. 1 Complete the chart with your own examples
Notion verbs |
Modal verbs |
Auxiliary verbs |
Linking verbs |
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Modal Verbs of necessity ------ Modals verbs ------ Modal Verbs of possibility
The modal verbs of necessity
Глагол |
Present |
Past |
Future |
С перфектной формой |
Must Долженствование |
Must |
-- |
-- |
-- |
To have to Вынужденная необходимость ввиду сложившихся обстоятельств |
Have/has to |
Had to |
Shall/will + have to |
-- |
Ought to Моральный долг, вежливое настояние |
Ought to |
-- |
-- |
Обозначает действие, которое требовалось и должно было состоятся, но не состоялась |
Should Необходимость, чье-либо субъективное мнение или совет |
Should |
-- |
-- |
То же |
Need Отсутствие необходимости, нецелесообразность |
Need |
-- |
-- |
Обозначает действие, в совершении которого не было необходимости, надобности |
To be to Необходимость предусмотренная планом |
Am/is/are to |
Was/were to |
-- |
Обозначает действие, которое должно было совершиться, но не совершилось |
The modal verbs of possibility
Глагол |
Present |
Past |
Future |
Can/ To be able to Выражает реальную возможность, физическую или умственную способность |
Can Am/is/are + able to |
Could Was/were + able to |
Shall/will + able to |
May/ be allowed to Выражает допущение возможности, разрешение совершить действие |
May Am/is/are + allowed |
Might Was/were + allowed |
Shall/will + be allowed |
Modal verbs with Simple Infinitive and Perfect Infinitive
Simple Infinitive
Some corrections must be made in the program.
Perfect Infinitive
Some mistakes must have been made in the program.
COMPARE
This result may be extended to all the cases. |
This result may have been extended to all the cases. |
The difficulty must be overcome. |
The difficulty must have been overcome. |
1.Read a web page, find the modal verbs. Match them with their meanings – a. not necessary, b. necessary, c. not allowed/ not possible, d. allowed/ possible
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