- •Английский язык для студентов экономических факультетов университетов
- •Авторский коллектив: г. И. Коротких, Гал. И. Коротких, н. Э. Бирман, о. А. Гизатулина, о. В. Калиш, н. В. Тунева
- •Предисловие
- •Методические рекомендации по изучению английского языка студентами-экономистами
- •1. Цели и задачи курса
- •2. Чтение как основное коммуникативное умение
- •3. Форма и смысл грамматической конструкции
- •It was supposed that he would write an article on
- •4. Единицы несоответствия в английском и русском языках
- •I wanted him to explain the term macroeconomics.
- •I saw him pay by credit card.
- •5. Методика работы над текстом
- •6. Британский или американский английский?
- •Text a The English We Learn
- •Грамматический обзор 1
- •Утверждения (statements)
- •Общие вопросы (general questions)
- •Специальные вопросы (special questions)
- •Грамматический обзор 2
- •2 ) Have has/ has got/ have/ have got Present Simple Tense
- •Примечания:
- •Expressing Agreement and Disagreement
- •Greetings and Introductions
- •Introductory Note
- •Text b
- •International words.
- •Varieties of English
- •Young Britons avoid learning languages
- •Culture and intercultural communication
- •British and American English
- •Independent reading:
- •Text a The Subject-matter of Economics
- •General questions (общие вопросы)
- •Short answers (краткие ответы)
- •Full answers (полные ответы)
- •Special questions (специальные вопросы)
- •Грамматический обзор 2
- •Likes and Dislikes
- •Preferences
- •Грамматический обзор 4
- •1. Working in pairs discuss the following questions under the headings I – III.
- •2. Give a talk in class on the topic “The Subject-matter of
- •I. Economics and Society
- •II. The subject-matter of economics
- •III. Economic systems
- •Text b University Life in Russia and in Great Britain
- •1) Facilities for studies at your university,
- •2) Subjects you consider to be the most important for
- •3) An ideal curriculum for a faculty of economics.
- •Project work 1
- •Project work 2
- •Independent reading
- •Colleges and University Colleges in the usa
- •A Student in Economics
- •Independent reading:
- •1. Study carefully the meanings of the following words and phrases in bold type from text a to avoid any difficulty in understanding.
- •Passive Voice
- •Ruined Holiday
- •Грамматический обзор 2
- •Grammar in context: Student profile
- •Text b global brands
- •Грамматический обзор 3 Read grammar guide 3 for practicing and developing study skills to cope with difficulties of reading English grammar textbooks.
- •Grammar in context Present simple and present continuous
- •Making Requests
- •Refusing a Request
- •Accepting a Request
- •Expressing Personal Opinions or Personal Points of View
- •Study Notes on Developing Reading Skills
- •1. Previewing.
- •2. Highlighting.
- •3. Annotating.
- •Independent reading
- •Consumerism as an unfortunate by-product of global market economy
- •Introduction
- •Vocabulary notes
- •New terms from the last global recession
- •Introduction
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Introduction
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Advertising
- •Introduction
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Figures, numbers and calculations
- •1. Cardinal and Ordinal Numbers
- •1. Give English equivalents of the following:
- •2. Choose English equivalents from the box below
- •2. Calculations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division)
- •3. Vulgar Fractions (AmE - Common Fractions)
- •4. Decimal Fractions (Decimals)
- •6. Sums of Money
- •Numerical, statistical or graphical data
- •In economics
- •Text a Statistics and Econometrics
- •Topical vocabulary
- •Text b Tabular and graphical data (Reading for vocabulary building)
- •T here are different types of diagrams:
- •Some advice on describing (orally or in writing) diagrams/charts/graphs
- •Independent reading
- •Introductory Note
- •Economy of the United States (Reading for statistical and numerical data)
- •Table of numerical data (the first has been filled in for you)
- •Phrase bank
- •Travelling to Work in Britain (Presenting a survey results)
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Independent reading:
- •Text a Central Banks and Monetary Policy
- •The Infinitive
- •Функции инфинитива:
- •Grammar in context Gerund or infinitive?
- •Text b Bank Accounts and Cheques
- •Study Notes on Summary Writing
- •Credit cards
- •Vocabular notes
- •Checklist for writing a summary (based on the article Credit Cards)
- •Independent reading
- •Introduction
- •A General History of Money
- •1. Barter exchange and commodity money
- •2. Coins and Paper Money
- •3. Fiat Money
- •4. Fiat Money – Toilet Paper Money
- •Money and Banking (a short historical survey)
- •Vocabulary notes
- •I. Changing the way the pound is measured.
- •Independent reading
- •Text a Company Share Capital
- •Word formation and vocabulary building practice
- •1. Synthetical forms
- •2. The Past Perfect Subjunctive (эта форма омонимична The Past Perfect Tense)
- •3. Analytical forms
- •Grammar in context 1 First and second conditional
- •Grammar in context 2 The third conditional
- •I will return your book on economics I have read it.
- •1. In what way is ownership in a company certified? What do you call people who own shares and stocks?
- •Reading for professional vocabulary text b
- •Text b Business Organizations and Stock Markets
- •Translate into English making use if prompts in the box Рынки сырьевых товаров
- •Asian Crisis Affects Latin American Markets
- •Independent reading
- •Nouriel Roubini: The Economist Who Foresaw the Global Financial Crisis
- •Introduction
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Introduction
- •1. Market instability
- •3. The housing market declined
- •4. The credit well dried up
- •5. The Economic bailout is designed to increase the flow of credit
- •Taxation
- •Vocabulary notes
- •1. Статистика по переводам (xtr, сп и pe) :
- •Contents
Vocabular notes
1) to be entitled to… |
= to give someone the official right to do or have something |
2) to issue |
= if an organization or someone in an official position issues something such as documents or equipment, they give these things to people who need them |
3) to honor (a credit card/ a cheque) |
= if a business honors a credit card, it pays the money for that person when he buys a product or a service (to accept a credit card for payment) |
4) to dispense a product/a service |
= to give smth to people, to provide smth for people |
5) the purchaser |
= the buyer |
6) credit card billing office |
- отдел учета оплат/счетов по кредитным карточкам |
7) a statement |
= a document sent regularly by a bank to a customer that lists the amounts of money taken out of and paid into their bank account |
8) charged purchases |
= something that has been bought and paid for with a credit card (AmE) . e.g. I charged the purchase (the shoes/the dress etc) on Visa. |
9) in installments. |
= regular payments (AmE) = hire purchase (BrE) |
10) to reimburse |
= formal to pay money back to someone when their money has been spent or lost |
11) to be handled by computers |
= are done/controlled by computers |
12) to bear charges |
= to be responsible for the amount of money one has paid with a credit card |
13) merchandise |
= goods that are being sold |
14)…a bill has been outstanding |
= a bill that has not yet been paid |
15) fraudulently |
= by way of deceiving people |
16) redeem |
= to exchange a piece of paper representing an amount of money for that amount of money or for goods equal in cost to that amount of money |
Checklist for writing a summary (based on the article Credit Cards)
1. Reread your source until you understand it.
2. Write one-sentence restatements of the main points/ideas. Write your summary using the one-sentence restatements as your guide. Focus on what the text says, not on your own ideas or opinions.
3. Revise your summary, making sure that you have adequately condensed (shortened) the original and included its most important ideas.
4. Control the length of your summary by
using short linkers: e.g. use “also” rather than “in addition”
finding shorter equivalents of longer expressions: e.g. instead of “most of the work involved in credit card operations are now handled by computers” use “most credit card operations are now done by computers”, instead of “Credit cards originated in the United States in the 1930s; their use was wide-spread by the 1950s” use “Credit cards have been used for nearly 70 years”, instead of “ to provide a substantial infusion of revenue to the company” use “the company makes huge profits” etc.
using common words instead of very formal words or specific terms: e.g. instead of “to honor credit cards” use “to accept credit cards”, instead of “to be entitled to…” use “to have the right to…”instead of “purchaser” use “the buyer” instead of “to reimburse” use “ to pay money back” etc.