- •Астраханский государственный технический университет м.А. Григорьева с.А. Нурмухамбетова о.В. Фёдорова
- •Introduction/ введение
- •Petroleum industry: introduction to oil and gas
- •A brief history of petroleum – upstream, downstream, all around the stream
- •История нефти
- •Chapter II origin and accumulation of hydrocarbons
- •Formation of oil
- •How Oil Becomes Oil
- •Physical and Chemical Properties of Oil
- •Finding Oil
- •How to Find Oil
- •Fluid Flow
- •Oil and gas energy drives
- •Water-Drive Reservoirs
- •Коллекторы с газонапорным режимом
- •A crossword puzzle
- •Chapter III
- •Exploration Methods
- •How to Extract Oil
- •Joint usage of s-waves and p-waves
- •Seismic noises
- •Types of waves
- •Drilling mud
- •Text 1 Drilling
- •Text 2 Tools for core taking
- •Straight hole drilling
- •Text 1 blowout control
- •Text 2 well drilling equipment
- •Chapter V well design and well head equipment
- •Drilling Rig Components
- •Rig system
- •Hoisting system components
- •Text a Rotary system components
- •2) Read and translate the text b "Rotary system components". Define what is it in bold in each paragraph using the words before the text.
- •Circulating System
- •Text 1 emergency shut down systems
- •Text 2 wellhead
- •Chapter VI well completion and woRкOver operations
- •Completion
- •Fishing tools
- •Text 1 Well killing fluids
- •Text 2 Well workover
- •Chapter VII oil production
- •Production
- •Artificial lift
- •Text 1 electrical submersible pumps
- •Text 2 fluid injection
- •Chapter VIII oil treatment, transportation and storage
- •Types of storage tanks
- •Bolted tanks
- •Tank battery operation
- •Oil gathering facilities
- •Selection of separator internals
- •Замеры емкости
- •Chapter II pipeline valves and fittings
- •Pipe Joints and Fittings
- •Valve body
- •Choke replacement
- •Maintenance of stop devices
- •Chapter III oil refining
- •Heat content
- •Refining methods
- •Gas fractionation plants
- •Chapter IV health, safety, environment
- •Health, safety, environment
- •Bp's 8 golden rules of safety
- •Sour gas
- •Text 1 acid treatment
- •Text 2 well service
- •Text 3 drilling rig
- •Chapter VI
- •The impact of mining and oil extraction on the environment
- •Chapter VII
- •The effect of extracting, delivering and using petroleum products on the environment
- •Drilling contractors
- •Service and supply companies
- •Unit III chapter I main parts of a rotary rig
- •Chapter II the hoisting system
- •Chapter III the fluid circulating system
- •Chapter IV the rotary system
- •Chapter V the well control system
- •Chapter VI well monitoring system
- •Chapter VII special marine equipment
- •Chapter VIII rotary drilling bits
- •Part II
- •Creekology
- •How are oil and natural gas produced?"
- •Range of explored depths
- •Diamond bits
- •Spontaneous well deviation
- •Water flooding
- •Completion methods
- •Text 10
- •Formation stimulation
- •Text 11
- •Tank gaging
- •Text 12
- •Pipeline valves
- •Text 13
- •Refineries
- •Text 14
- •Migration and Accumulation of Petroleum
- •Text 15
- •Porosity
- •Text 16
- •Permeability
- •Text 17
- •Wettability
- •Text 18
- •Wire Well Logging Techniques
- •Conclusion/ Заключение
Chapter VI well monitoring system
EXERCISE 1 Read and translate the text, using the words after the text.
Safety and efficiency considerations require constant monitoring of the well to detect drilling problems quickly. Devices record of display parameters such as depth, penetration rate, hook load, rotary speed, rotary torque, pump rate, pump pressure, mud density, mud temperature, mud salinity, gas content of mud, hazardous gas content of air, pit level and mud flow rate.
In addition to assisting the driller in detecting drilling problems, good historical records of various aspects of the drilling operation can also aid geological, engineering, and supervisory personnel. In some cases, a centralized well-monitoring system is housed in a trailer. This unit provides detailed information about the formation being drilled and the fluids being circulated to the surface as well as centralizing the record of drilling parameters. The mud logger inspects rock cuttings taken from the shale shaker at regular intervals and describes their appearance. Gas samples from the mud are analyzed by the mud logger using a gas chromatograph.
Recently there have been significant advances in subsurface well-monitoring and data telemetry systems. They are especially useful in monitoring hole direction in non-vertical wells.
The words to be memorized:
1. monitoring - мониторинг, текущий контроль
2. penetration rate – скорость проходки
3. hook load – нагрузка на крюк
4. rotary torque – крутящий момент вращения
5. salinity – содержание солей
6. hazardous - опасный
7. gas content - содержание газа
8. mud flow rate - скорость движения раствора
9. trailer - трейлер, вагончик
10. mud logger - специалист по каротажу
11. log - каротажная диаграмма, буровой журнал
12. sample – образец
13. gas chromatograph - газовый хроматограф
14. data telemetry system - система телеметрической информации, дистанционного контроля
15. non-vertical - наклонный
EXERCISE 2 Answer the following questions:
What do safety and efficiency considerations require?
What parameters are recorded by the monitoring system?
What can aid geological, engineering and supervisory personnel?
What is housed in a trailer?
In what way can you get the data the monitoring system provides?
What does the mud logger inspect?
How are gas samples analyzed?
In what wells are data telemetry systems especially useful?
EXERCISE 3 Find the proper Russian equivalent to following English ones.
1. penetration rate 1. специалист по каротажу
2. gas content 2. содержание солей
3. mud logger 3. нагрузка на крюк
4. sample 4. скорость проходки
5. rotary torque 5. циркулировать
6. salinity 6. система текущего контроля
7. rotary speed 7. крутящий момент вращения
8. monitoring system 8. содержание газа
9. hook load 9. скорость вращения
10. to circulate 10. Образец
EXERCISE 4 Complete the sentences.
Safety and efficiency consideration require…
Devices record of display…
Monitoring of the well is necessary…
… is housed in a trailer.
A centralized well – monitoring system may be…
The mud – logger inspects…
Gas samples are analyzed by…
Data telemetry systems are useful…
…in non – vertical wells.
EXERCISE 5 Translate the sentences from Russian into English.
Система текущего контроля скважины позволяет быстро выявить неполадки в бурении.
Система мониторинга включает многие приспособления.
Эти приспособления фиксируют или показывают на дисплее ряд параметров работы скважины.
Для нормальной работы скважины важны скорость проходки, скорость вращения, нагрузки на крюк.
Качество раствора определяется его плотностью, температурой, концентрацией солей и газов и другими параметрами.
Современные системы мониторинга позволяют получать подробную информацию о породах, в которых идет бурение.
Телеметрические системы централизуют всю информацию о параметрах бурения.
Инженер по каротажу исследует образцы выбуренной породы через определенные интервалы.
Образцы газа из раствора исследуются с помощью газового хроматографа.
Данные телеметрии особенно полезны при бурении наклонных скважин.
EXERCISE 6 Retell the text about the work of a well – monitoring system.
EXERCISE 7 Prepare a presentation about this theme