7. Read and translate the text.

Engineering is a science of applying knowledge of properties of matter and natural sources of energy to practical problems of industry. It deals with different things: design and manufacture of tools and machines, cars and trains, equipment for communication and computing, generation and distributing of electricity, X-ray machines and life-support systems, roads and bridges, building of houses and all the services we need in our homes, at work and in many other places.

This occupation is very ancient. The first toolmaker who managed to do a wheel, the craftsmen who built Egyptian pyramids were the forerunners of modern engineers. As a result of the Industrial Revolution and a great increase in scientific knowledge, engineering has grown into a profession of higher level. A profession is one of a limited number of occupations involving special learning and carrying a certain social prestige.

Nowadays such occupations like law, medicine or engineering require specialized advanced education. Many people spend years studying at universities to gain these professions. In the first two years mathematics, physics, chemistry, history, foreign languages are emphasized throughout the curriculum. Because computers and automation have already changed the way we work and we do, and are now changing the world in which we work, and because there is hardly a branch of engineering which can do without computers, computer programming is now included in almost all engineering curricular. Those who are doing scientific research must be able to read foreign publications in their subject area.

Specialists in engineering may work almost in all spheres of industry and social life, and their profession is not only very old, but it is one of the up-to-date occupations as well.

8.Remember the words:

apply – застосовувати, звертатись до, подати заяву

craftsman – майстер, ремісник

distribute – розподіляти

equip – обладнувати, забезпечувати

invention - винахід

install – встановлювати, монтувати

manufacturing – виробництво, виробничий

occupation – заняття, фах, рід занять

meet requirements – відповідати вимогам

research – дослідження

scientific – науковий

9.Match the following words with their definitions:

to apply a) to produce things on a large scale

current b) an ability to do smth. well

to manufacture c) the act of fitting the piece of equipment

occupation d) flow of electricity

point of view e) things needed or used for a particular activity

skill f) knowledge, skills, obtained through practice

equipment g) someone’s personal opinion

installation h) to make practical use of

experience i) serious study of a subject

research j) an activity by which one earns one’s living

10.Match words with similar meanings:

experienced a) administration

management b) to increase

to employ c) profession

to enhance (підвищувати) d) to contain

manufacture e) practiced

research f) to fix

vocation g) production

advanced h) progressive

to include i) investigation

to install j) to hire