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Exercise 8. Find in the text English equivalents for the following word combinations.

Набір зубів; плоскі коронки у формі долото; ікло та різець; молочні зуби; щічний, боковий та язичний бугорки; медіальні та дистальні кутні зубів; стискання, жування та кусання; корені зрощуються; зуб мудрості; різноманітні малі кутні зуби; передньопіднебінна поверхня; постійний ряд зубів.

Exercise 9. Say whether the following statements are true or false.

1. Wisdom tooth erupts at about 10 years of age.

2. Teeth, used for biting, are called canines.

3. Incisors have more than 2 roots.

4. Flattened chisel-shaped crowns cover the cuspids.

5. Each premolar has two cusps, one buccal and one palatal or lingual.

6. The teeth of a grown-up are divided into 4 groups according to the form and function.

7. First molars are the largest teeth of all.

8. Teeth, used for gripping, are called molars.

Exercise 10. Translate the words given in italics:

The upper різці usually have much wider form than the lower ones.

The dental surgeon took the forceps for the extraction of зуба мудрості.

The formation of an adult набір зубів usually complete after the eruption of four third molars.

Великі кутні зуби are more vulnerable to caries damage.

The broken ікло in this patient can be replaced by a false tooth.

Молочні зуби are usually replaced by permanent ones by the age of 15.

Малі кутні зуби are considered as 'transitional teeth' during mastication.

Exercise 11. Find synonyms to the given words in the text.

A tricuspid tooth, a cuspid, a bicuspid, a set of teeth, milk teeth, a front tooth, the third molar, secondary teeth.

Exercise 12. Insert the words with their synonyms from exercise 11 into the gaps.

_______________ consists of 32 teeth and start to erupt after the age of 6.

Upper _________are also known as eyeteeth and are used for biting and tearing food.

______________ is a front tooth with one root used for biting food.

______________ are the last teeth in the oral cavity that sometimes fail to erupt causing serious complications.

______________ got their another name because they have 2 cusps.

______________may have from 3 to 5 cusps that is why they are called so, especially the 1st molar.

_______________begin to erupt at about the age of 6 months.

There are usually 20 teeth in ____________ of a child.

Exercise 13. Open the brackets and put the verbs in a correct form. Translate the sentences.

1. The permanent set of teeth with wisdom tooth usually (to complete) at 25 years.

2. A total number of teeth (to vary) among individuals.

3. Last class the students (to spend) much time studying the structure of the teeth.

4. The dentist (to examine) the child teeth when the nurse entered the room.

5. The baby (to lose) already his 1st deciduous tooth.

6. If proper oral hygiene doesn’t help to cope with gum disease, medical treatment (to use).

7. The wisdom tooth just (to extract) because of severe inflammation.

8. The nurse (to clean) the room before the dentist came in.

Exercise 14. Put questions to underlined words.

1. The permanent teeth replace the temporary ones.

2. The dentist determined the cause of the terrible toothache.

3. The gums should be brushed with a soft tooth-brush and antiseptic tooth paste.

4. Teeth malformation will be caused by poor jaw development.

5. The eruption of permanent teeth is completed by the age of 15.

6. Two central incisors in the lower jaw are the 1st teeth to erupt.

7. In some cases wisdom teeth don’t develop at all.

8. The professor has been delivering a lecture for 2 hours.

Exercise 15. Translate into English:

1 Зуб утримується у яснах коренем т аперіодонтом.

2. Різець має долотувату форму коронки.

3. Коронка ікла має конічну форму.

4. Верхній перший премоляр має 2 корені: один щічний та один піднебінний.

5. Бугри нижніх премолярів менші за верхніх.

6. Нижні моляри мають два корені: один медіальний та один дистальний.

7. Косий скіс коронки верхніх молярів йде від мезиально-піднебінного до дистально-щічного бугрів.

8. У третього моляра різні розміри, а також кількість коренів та бугрів.

Exercise 16. Describe the terms according to the plan:molars, incisors, premolars, canines, wisdom teeth

Plan:

1. Tell what the term means.

2. Tell about its functions.

3. Give any other information you know about the given organ.

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