VII. Make the following sentences negative.

1. They tried to help me.

2. She is very modest.

3. I can imagine their reaction.

4. He wants to devote his life to medicine.

5. The patient was allowed to walk.

6. The scientists are speculating about many problems.

7. They have already established new demands.

VIII. Read and translate he negative sentences.

1. The doctor does not allow his patient to work hard.

2. If a decayed tooth is not treated in time pulpitis can develop.

3. My friend did not want to study medicine.

4. A neglected general appearance does not necessarily mean that the person does not care about his dental health.

5. He made no contribution to the science.

6. There are no medical article in this journal.

7. No dentist can stop a tooth if it is too bad.

8. The twins were so alike that we could see no difference between them.

9. No longer is the patient a passive receiver of health care.

10. Nobody could answer the question.

11. We have never heard about this new method.

12. The patient could not fall asleep until he took the drug.

13. He will be hospitalized unless his condition becomes better.

IX. Read and translate the text.

Habits

Mouth Breathing. Mouth breathing is habitual respiration through the mouth instead of through the nose. Mouth breathers can be classified into three categories: those who breathe through the mouth because of obstructions in the nasal passages, those who do it purely out of habit, and those for whom the anatomic structure of the lips make it difficult to maintain closure of the lip and rest. Structural resistance to the passage of air through the nose can be caused by hypertrophy of the turbinates, by allergies or chronic infections, by s deviated nasal septum, or by enlarged lymphoid tissue. The latter is common condition in children.

Mouth breathing, if continued, can disturb the usual oral physiology and may result in gingivitis and gingival enlargement, particularly of the anterior region. It is believed that the airstream striking the gingival tissues causes capillary vasoconstriction and increases the susceptibility of the desiccated tissues to infection. So relationship between mouth breathing and malocclusion has been definitely established.

Thumb-Sucking. There is a considerable opinion concerning the effect of thumb-sucking on the oral structures. Sillman made a careful study of 60 children from birth to 14 years of age; of this group 20 were thumb-suckers, some continuing the habit after 10 years of age. He found that in those with this habit a slight displacement of the oral structures might be occurring during the first 4 years but that the deformity spontaneously corrected itself when the habit was stopped.

It is generally accepted that the child must want to break the habit before any method will prove effective. An understanding of the possible ii-effects of thumb-sucking is not beyond the understanding of the 4-year old but equally important is the understanding of the parents and the dentists in helping the child to break the habit.