Римское право практикум по курсу - Кудинов О.А

ɉɪɚɜɨ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɨɟ

- ɩɪɚɜɨ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɹɜɥɹɥɨɫɶ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɵɦ, ɬ.ɤ. ɨɧɨ ɡɚɳɢɳɚɥɨɫɶ

ɨɬ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɣ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɜɫɟɯ ɢ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɨɬ ɧɟɩɪɚɜɨɦɟɪɧɵɯ

ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ.

«ɉɪɚɜɨ ɧɚɪɨɞɨɜ»

- ɩɪɚɜɨɜɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɪɢɦɫɤɢɦɢ

ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɚɦɢ ɢ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɰɚɦɢ (ɩɟɪɟɝɪɢɧɚɦɢ). Ȼɭɞɭɱɢ ɧɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧ-

ɧɵɦ ɧɨɪɦɚɦɢ ɰɢɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ (ɫɦ.: «ɩɪɟɬɨɪ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɢɧɨɜ») ɜ

ɫɜɨɟɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɟ, ɩɪɟɬɨɪ ɩɟɪɟɝɪɢɧɨɜ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɥ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɨɣ ɭɫ-

ɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɧɚɱɚɥɚɯ «ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨɫɬɢ» ɢ «ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɡɭ-

ɦɚ». ɇɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ, ɷɬɨ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɹɜɥɹɥɨɫɶ ɧɟ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɦ, ɚ

ɜɧɭɬɪɢɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ, ɬ.ɟ. ɪɢɦɫɤɢɦ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ, ɧ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɪɚɡɜɢ-

ɬɨɣ ɢ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɟɝɨ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ.

ɉɪɚɜɨ

- ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɧɨɫɢɬ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ, ɬ.ɤ. ɧɚɪɭɲɢ-

ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ

ɬɟɥɟɦ ɟɝɨ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɡɚɪɚɧɟɟ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨɟ ɥɢɰɨ.

ɉɪɚɜɨ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ-

- ɩɨ ɪɢɦɫɤɨɦɭ ɩɪɚɜɭ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɤ ɜɟɳɢ, ɩɨɥɧɨɟ ɝɨɫɩɨɞ-

ɫɬɢ

ɫɬɜɨ ɧɚɞ ɜɟɳɶɸ.

ɉɪɚɜɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ

- ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɚɦɢ ɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ.

ɉɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ

- ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɚɤɬ, ɢɡɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɜɢɡɚɧɬɢɣɫɤɢɦ ɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɘɫ-

ɫɚɧɤɰɢɹ

ɬɢɧɢɚɧɨɦ I ɩɨɫɥɟ ɡɚɜɨɟɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɢɡɚɧɬɢɣɫɤɢɦɢ ɜɨɣɫɤɚɦɢ ɤɨɪɨɥɟɜ-

ɫɬɜɚ ɨɫɬɝɨɬɨɜ ɜ ɂɬɚɥɢɢ. ɉɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɚ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ

ɡɚɜɨɟɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɂɬɚɥɢɢ, ɛɵɥɚ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɪɟɫɬɚɜɪɚɰɢɸ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶ-

ɧɨ-ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ Ɋɢɦɫɤɨɣ ɢɦɩɟɪɢɢ.

ɉɪɟɬɨɪ

- (ɥɚɬ.

praetor,

ɨɬ

praeitor

–

ɢɞɭɳɢɣ

ɜɩɟɪɟɞɢ,

ɩɪɟɞɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ) – 1) ɩɨɫɥɟ ɭɩɪɚɡɞɧɟɧɢɹ ɰɚɪɫɬɜɚ, ɜɟɪɨɹɬ-

ɧɨ, ɬɢɬɭɥ ɨɛɨɢɯ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɥɢɰ ɪɢɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ-

ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ. ɋɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɜ Ʌɢɰɢɧɢɹ ɢ ɋɟɤɫɬɢɹ (367 ɝ. ɞɨ

ɜɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɟɝɨ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɜ Ɋɢɦɟ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɨɧ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɥ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ

ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɥɟɝɢɨɧɨɦ. ȼɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɚ ɂɦɩɟɪɢɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɢ

ɉ. ɧɟ ɢɦɟɥɢ ɨɫɨɛɨɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ, ɧɨ ɫɥɭɠɢɥɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɣ ɫɬɭɩɟ-

ɧɶɸ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɰɟɥɨɝɨ ɪɹɞɚ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɚɞɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ

ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɧɚ ɩɭɬɢ ɤ ɫɟɧɚɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɢ. ɉɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɭ ɫɬɨɥɢ-

ɰɵ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɝɨɪɨɞɚɯ ɫɥɭɠɢɬɟɥɢ ɨɛɳɢɧɵ ɧɨɫɢɥɢ ɬɢɬɭɥ ɉ. 2) ɜ

ɫɨɜɪ. ɂɬɚɥɢɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɭɞɟɣ ɩɪɟɬɭɪɵ.

ɉɪɟɬɨɪɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ

- ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ ɩɪɚɨɜɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ, ɫɥɨɠɢɜɲɚɹɫɹ ɢɡ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ

(ɷɞɢɤɬɨɜ) ɩɪɟɬɨɪɨɜ. ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɩɪɟɬɨɪɵ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɥɢ ɨɬɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɢɥɢ

ɢɡɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɜ, ɢɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɧɨɫɢɥɢ ɧɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ, ɚ

ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɭɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ, ɬ.ɟ. ɤɚɫɚɥɢɫɶ ɢɫɤɨɜ.

ɉɪɟɮɟɤɬ ɩɪɟɬɨɪɢɹ

- ɜɵɫɲɢɣ ɱɢɧɨɜɧɢɤ ɜ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɬɚ (ɫɦ.: «ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɬ»), ɧɚ-

ɡɧɚɱɚɜɲɢɣɫɹ ɢɡ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɫɟɧɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɜɫɚɞɧɢɤɨɜ. ȼ ɟɝɨ ɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ

ɜɯɨɞɢɥɨ ɤɨɦɚɧɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɫɤɨɣ ɝɜɚɪɞɢɟɣ.

ɉɪɢɧɰɟɩɫ ɫɟɧɚɬɚ

- ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ ɩɟɪɜɵɣ ɩɨ ɫɩɢɫɤɭ ɫɟɧɚɬɨɪ. ȿɝɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɱɢ-

ɬɚɥɨɫɶ ɩɨɱɟɬɧɵɦ. ɇɟ ɢɦɟɹ ɨɫɨɛɵɯ ɩɨɥɧɨɦɨɱɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɢɜɢɥɟɝɢɣ,

ɨɛɥɚɞɚɥ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɬɶ ɩɟɪɜɵɦ ɫɜɨɟ ɦɧɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɟɧɚɬɟ.

ɉɪɢɧɰɢɩɚɬ

- ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɧɟɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɧɚɪɯɢɢ (1 ɜ. ɞɨ ɧ.ɷ. – III ɜ. ɞɨ ɧ.ɷ.).

ɉɪɨɢɡɨɲɟɥ ɨɬ «ɩɪɢɧɰɟɩɫ-ɫɟɧɚɬɭɫ» - ɩɟɪɜɵɣ ɫɟɧɚɬɨɪ. ɗɬɨɬ ɬɢɬɭɥ

ɩɟɪɜɵɦ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɥ Ɉɤɬɚɜɢɚɧ Ⱥɜɝɭɫɬ, ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɜɵɦ ɜ ɫɩɢ-

ɫɤɟ ɫɟɧɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɜɲɢɣ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɩɟɪɜɵɦ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɟɧɚɬɟ,

ɱɬɨ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɥɨ ɩɪɟɞɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɚ (ɫɦ.: «ɫɟ-

ɧɚɬ»); ɮɨɪɦɚ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɞɢɤɬɚɬɭ-

ɪɚ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɜɲɚɹɫɹ ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɥɢɤɜɢɞɚɰɢɢ

ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢɤɢ (2-ɹ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɚ 1 ɜ. ɞɨ ɧ.ɷ.), ɛɵɥɚ ɩɪɢɤɪɵɬɚ ɪɟɫɩɭɛɥɢ-

ɤɚɧɫɤɢɦɢ ɚɬɪɢɛɭɬɚɦɢ.

ɉɪɨɜɨɤɚɰɢɹ ɤ ɧɚ-

- ɩɪɚɜɨ ɨɫɭɠɞɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɩɟɥɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɝɨɜɨɪ ɨɫɭɞɢɜɲɟɝɨ ɟɝɨ

ɪɨɞɭ

ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɬɚ ɤ ɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɫɨɛɪɚɧɢɸ.

ɉɪɨɫɤɪɢɩɰɢɹ

- ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ ɨɛɧɚɪɨɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɩɢɫɤɨɜ ɥɢɰ, ɨɛɴɹɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɧɟ

ɡɚɤɨɧɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɚɦɢ ɫɩɢɫɤɢ. Ɂɚ ɜɵɞɚɱɭ ɢɥɢ ɭɛɢɣɫɬɜɨ ɩɨɫɤɪɢɛɢ-

ɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɥɚɫɶ ɧɚɝɪɚɞɚ (ɞɚɠɟ ɪɚɛɭ), ɡɚ ɭɤɪɵɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ –

ɤɚɡɧɶ. ɂɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɠɟɪɬɜ ɩɪɨɫɤɪɢɩɰɢɢ ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɚɥɨɫɶ ɤɨɧɮɢɫɤɚ-

ɰɢɢ, ɩɨɬɨɦɤɢ ɥɢɲɚɥɢɫɶ ɩɨɱɟɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɚɜ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚ-

ɥɢɫɶ ɞɥɹ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɱɟɬɨɜ ɢ ɤɚɤ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɨɛɨɝɚɳɟɧɢɹ.

ȼɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɫɩɢɫɤɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɞɢɤɬɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɋɭɥɥɨɣ (1 ɜ.

ɞɨ ɧ.ɷ.) ɜ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɜɪɚɝɨɜ.

Ɋɟɩɥɢɤɚɰɢɹ

- ɨɩɪɨɜɟɪɠɟɧɢɟ ɢɫɬɰɨɦ ɜɨɡɪɚɠɟɧɢɣ ɨɬɜɟɬɱɢɤɚ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɹ

ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɞɟɥ ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ.

Ɋɟɫɤɪɢɩɬ

- ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɢɦɩɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ-

ɧɵɣ ɟɦɭ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ, ɢɦɟɜɲɢɣ ɫɢɥɭ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ; ɜ ɮɟɨ-

ɞɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɨɧɚɪɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚɯ ɚɤɬ ɦɨɧɚɪ-

ɯɚ, ɚɞɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɧɨɦɭ ɥɢɰɭ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ,

ɦɢɧɢɫɬɪɭ. ɉɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɪɟɫɤɪɢɩɬɚ ɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɥɢɰ ɜɨɡɥɚɝɚ-

ɥɢɫɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɪɭɱɟɧɢɹ, ɨɛɴɹɜɥɹɥɢɫɶ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚ

ɫɥɭɠɛɭ, ɧɚɡɧɚɱɚɥɢɫɶ ɧɚɝɪɚɞɵ ɢ ɬ.ɞ.

Ɋɟɮɨɪɦɵ ɋɟɪɜɢɹ

- ɪɟɮɨɪɦɵ, ɩɨɥɨɠɢɜɲɢɟ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɭ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ Ɋɢɦɚ

Ɍɭɥɥɢɹ

ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɢ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ (VI ɜ ɞɨ ɧ.ɷ.). ȼɫɟ

ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɟ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɟ Ɋɢɦɚ (ɪɢɦɫɤɢɟ ɪɨɞɵ ɢ ɩɥɟɛɟɢ) ɛɵɥɨ ɪɚɡɞɟ-

ɥɟɧɨ ɧɚ 6 ɪɚɡɪɹɞɨɜ ɩɨ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɸ. ɉɨ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨ-

ɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɪɟɮɨɪɦɟ ɜ Ɋɢɦɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɵɜɚɥɨɫɶ 4 ɝɨɪɨɞɫɤɢɯ ɢ 17 ɫɟɥɶ-

ɫɤɢɯ ɨɤɪɭɝɨɜ, ɱɬɨ ɭɫɢɥɢɥɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɨɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɪɨɜɧɨɪɨɞɫɬɜɟɧ-

ɧɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ, ɥɟɠɚɜɲɢɯ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɪɨɞɨɜɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ. ɗɬɢ ɪɟ-

ɮɨɪɦɵ ɡɚɜɟɪɲɢɥɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɥɨɦɤɢ ɨɫɧɨɜ ɪɨɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɨɹ ɢ ɩɨɥɨ-

ɠɢɥɢ ɧɚɱɚɥɨ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ.

Ɋɟɰɟɩɰɢɹ

- ɜ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɡɚɢɦɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ. ȼ

ɢɫɬɨɪɢɢ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɬɟɪɦɢɧ "Ɋ." ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɥɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɢɦɫɬ-

ɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɤ.-ɥ. ɜɧɭɬɪɢɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫ-

ɬɟɦɨɣ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ, ɢɧɫɬɢɬɭɬɨɜ, ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɱɟɪɬ ɞɪ. ɜɧɭɬɪɢɝɨɫɭɞɚɪ-

ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. ɂɦɟɧɧɨ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɫɹ ɨ

Ɋ. ɪɢɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɩɪɚɜɨɦ ɪɹɞɚ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɢɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɜ 13-19

ɜɜ. ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɩɪɚɜɚ.

Ɋɢɦɫɤɚɹ ɦɨɧɟɬɚ ɜ

- As uncialis (ɦɟɞɧ.) = 1 ɭɧɰɢɢ 27,288 ɝ.

ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ

Sestertius (ɫɟɪɟɛɪ.) = 4 ɚɫɫɚɦ = 1,00 ɝ.

ɩɟɪɢɨɞ

Denarius (ɫɟɪɟɛɪ.) = 16 ɚɫɫɚɦ = 4,00 ɝ.

Ɂɨɥɨɬɚɹ ɦɨɧɟɬɚ – nummus.

Aureus = 100 ɫɟɫɬɟɪɰɢɟɜ.

Aureus Ⱥɜɝɭɫɬɚ = 7,96 ɝ.

Aureus Ɇɚɪɤɚ Ⱥɜɪɟɥɢɹ = 7,28 ɝ.

Aureus Ʉɚɪɚɤɚɥɥɵ =6,55 ɝ.

ɋɟɤɜɟɫɬɪ

- ɥɢɲɟɧɢɟ ɜɥɚɞɟɥɶɰɚ ɩɪɚɜɚ ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɜɨɢɦ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ.

ɋɟɧɚɬ

- ɫɨɜɟɬ ɫɬɚɪɟɣɲɢɧ ɝɨɪɨɞɨɜ, ɜɵɫɲɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ

Ɋɢɦɟ. Ⱦɨ 1 ɜ. ɞɨ ɧ.ɷ. ɜ ɋɟɧɚɬɟ ɛɵɥɨ 300 ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ, ɩɨ ɱɢɫɥɭ ɩɚɬɪɢ-

ɰɢɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɪɨɞɨɜ, ɡɚɬɟɦ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɫɟɧɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɛɵɥɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɨ ɞɨ 600, ɚ

ɩɨɡɠɟ ɞɨ 900. Ɏɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɫɟɧɚɬ ɛɵɥ ɫɨɜɟɳɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɨɦ, ɢ

ɟɝɨ ɩɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɫɟɧɚɬɭɫ-ɤɨɧɫɭɥɶɬɵ. ɇɨ ɜ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢ-

ɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɧ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɥ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɟɬɟɧɰɢɟɣ: ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɥ

ɡɚɤɨɧɨɞɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɨɛɪɚɧɢɣ, ɪɚɫɩɨɪɹɠɚɥ-

ɫɹ ɤɚɡɧɨɣ, ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɥ ɧɚɥɨɝɢ, ɪɟɲɚɥ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ

ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ, ɛɥɚɝɨɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ, ɪɟɥɢɝɢɨɡɧɵɯ ɤɭɥɶɬɨɜ, ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɥ

ɦɢɪɧɵɟ ɢ ɫɨɸɡɧɵɟ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɵ, ɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɥ ɧɚɛɨɪ ɜ ɚɪɦɢɸ, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɥ

ɪɟɲɟɧɢɟ ɨɛ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɞɢɤɬɚɬɭɪɵ.

ɋɟɪɜɢɬɭɬ

- ɩɪɚɜɨ ɧɚ ɱɭɠɭɸ ɜɟɳɶ, ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɟɳɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ. ɂɦɟɥ ɲɢɪɨ-

ɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɪɢɦɫɤɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɟ, ɢɡɜɟɫɬɟɧ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɩɪɚɜɭ ɫɨɜɪɟ-

ɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ.

ɋɟɰɟɫɫɢɹ

- ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ ɜɵɯɨɞ ɩɥɟɛɟɟɜ ɢɡ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɚ Ɋɢɦɫɤɨɣ ɢɦɩɟɪɢɢ ɢ

ɭɯɨɞ ɡɚ ɱɟɪɬɭ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ, ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɚ ɋɜɹɳɟɧɧɭɸ ɝɨɪɭ ɢɥɢ

Ⱥɜɟɧɬɢɣɫɤɢɣ ɯɨɥɦ. Ȼɵɥɚ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɛɨɪɶɛɵ ɩɥɟɛɟɟɜ ɫ ɩɚɬɪɢɰɢɹ-

ɦɢ, ɭɯɨɞ ɢɡ Ɋɢɦɚ ɩɥɟɛɟɟɜ, ɛɵɜɲɢɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ –ɦɚɫɫɨɣ ɚɪɦɢɢ, ɨɫ-

ɬɚɜɥɹɥ ɝɨɪɨɞ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɛɟɡ ɜɨɟɧɧɨɣ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ.

ɋɥɭɱɚɣ

- ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɜɢɧɵ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɢɢ ɜɪɟɞɚ, ɪɢɫɤ ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨɣ ɝɢɛɟɥɢ

ɜɟɳɢ ɧɟɫɟɬ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɢɤ ɜɟɳɢ, ɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɟɫɟɧɢɹ ɪɢɫɤɚ

ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨɣ ɝɢɛɟɥɢ ɩɨɤɭɩɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɩɪɢ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɟ ɤɭɩɥɢ-ɩɪɨɞɚɠɢ.

Ɍɚɪɩɟɣɫɤɚɹ ɫɤɚɥɚ

- ɤɪɭɬɨɣ ɸɝɨ-ɡɚɩɚɞɧɵɣ ɫɤɥɨɧ Ʉɚɩɢɬɨɥɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɯɨɥɦɚ ɜ Ɋɢɦɟ, ɫ ɤɨ-

ɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɫɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɥɢ ɩɪɟɫɬɭɩɧɢɤɨɜ, ɩɪɢɝɨɜɨɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɤ ɫɦɟɪɬɧɨɣ

ɤɚɡɧɢ.

Ɍɪɢɛɵ

- ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ ɩɟɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨ ɬɪɢ ɪɢɦɫɤɢɯ ɩɥɟɦɟɧɢ, ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ

ɫɨɫɬɨɹɥɚ ɪɢɦɫɤɚɹ ɩɚɬɪɢɰɢɚɧɫɤɚɹ ɨɛɳɢɧɚ, ɜɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɢ – ɚɞɦɢ-

ɧɢɫɬɪɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɤɪɭɝɚ.

Ɍɪɢɭɦɜɢɪɚɬ

- ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ (ɜ 1-ɦ ɜ. ɞɨ ɧ.ɷ.) ɫɨɸɡ ɬɪɟɯ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɟɹɬɟ-

ɥɟɣ, ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɵɣ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɚ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɜ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟ.

ɍɡɭɮɪɭɤɬ

- ɜ ɪɢɦɫɤɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɟ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɟ ɪɨɦɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɦɨɟ

ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɭ ɧɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɩɪɚɜɨ

ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ, ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɢɦ ɞɪɭɝɨɦɭ ɥɢɰɭ, ɫ ɩɪɢ-

ɫɜɨɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɢɧɨɫɢɦɵɯ ɢɦ ɩɥɨɞɨɜ, ɧɨ ɩɨɞ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɦ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ

ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɜɟɳɢ. ɍ. ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧ ɩɨɠɢɡɧɟɧɧɨ, ɧɚ ɨɩɪɟ-

ɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɫɪɨɤ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɞ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɦ, ɧɚɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɤɪɚ-

ɳɚɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɭɡɭɮɪɭɤɬɚɪɢɹ (ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ). ɍ., ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɢɣ ɩɨ

ɧɚɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ, ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɢ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ. ɋɨɛɫɬ-

ɜɟɧɧɢɤ, ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɜɲɢɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɍ., ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɷɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ

ɥɢɲɶ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɜɨɡɦɨɠ-

ɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ. Ʉ ɜɵɝɨɞɚɦ ɭɡɭɮɪɭɤɬɚɪɢɹ

ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɨɞɨɜ (ɭɪɨɠɚɹ, ɩɪɢɩɥɨɞɚ ɢ

ɬ.ɩ.) ɢ ɞɟɧɟɠɧɵɯ ɞɨɯɨɞɨɜ (ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɡɚɣɦɚɦ, ɚɪɟɧɞɧɨɣ ɩɥɚɬɵ

ɢ ɬ.ɞ.). ɇɚ ɧɟɦ ɥɟɠɢɬ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ

ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɨ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɸ, ɢɫɤɥɸ-

ɱɚɸɳɟɦɭ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɪɱɭ ɢɥɢ ɨɛɟɫɰɟɧɟɧɢɟ.

ɍɡɭɮɪɭɤɬɚɪɢɣ

- ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɬɟɥɹ ɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɪɜɢɬɭɬɚ, ɬ.ɟ. ɥɢɰɚ, ɢɦɟɸɳɟɝɨ ɩɟɪ-

ɫɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɱɭɠɨɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ.

Ɏɨɪɦɭɥɹɪɧɵɣ ɩɪɨ-

- ɜɬɨɪɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɫɭɞɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɩɨ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɦ ɢɫɤɚɦ ɜ ɪɢɦɫɤɨɣ

ɰɟɫɫ

ɸɫɬɢɰɢɢ, ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɟɪɟɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɟɦ

ɢɫɯɨɞɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɥɟɝɢɫɚɤɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɭɞɨɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ (ɫɦ. Ʌɟɝɢ-

ɫɚɤɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ). ɋɦɵɫɥ Ɏ.ɩ. ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɸɪɢɞɢ-

ɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɫɩɨɪɚ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɥɚ ɧɟ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚ, ɹɜɥɹɜɲɚɹ ɢɫ-

ɤɨɜɨɟ ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ, ɚ ɩɪɟɬɨɪ. ɂɫɬɟɰ ɢ ɨɬɜɟɬɱɢɤ ɢɡɥɚɝɚɥɢ ɞɟɥɨ ɩɟɪɟɞ

ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɬɨɦ ɜ ɥɸɛɵɯ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹɯ, ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɹ ɜɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɟɠ-

ɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɫɜɨɣ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɢ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɪɟɚɥɶ-

ɧɵɟ, ɚ ɧɟ ɬɨ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɥɨɫɶ ɩɨ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɦɭ ɫɥɭɱɚɸ ɬɪɟɛɨ-

ɜɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɞɪɟɜɧɟɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ, ɤɚɤ ɷɬɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɚɧɟɟ. ɉɪɟɬɨɪ ɭɹɫɧɹɥ ɸɪɢ-

ɞɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɩɨɪɚ ɢ ɢɡɥɚɝɚɥ ɷɬɭ ɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɣ

ɡɚɩɢɫɤɟ, ɚɞɪɟɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɭɞɶɟ, – formula. Ɏɨɪɦɭɥɵ ɛɵɥɢ ɬɢɩɢɱɟ-

ɫɤɢɦɢ.

Ɏɨɪɭɦ

- ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ: ɫɭɞ, ɬɪɢɛɭɧɚɥ; ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɹ; ɦɟɫɬɨ, ɝɞɟ ɨɬɩɪɚɜ-

ɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɚɜɨɫɭɞɢɟ; ɸɪɢɫɞɢɤɰɢɢ.

ɐɟɧɡɨɪɵ

- ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɹɜɢɥɚɫɶ ɜ 443 ɝ. ɞɨ ɧ.ɷ. ɜ ɪɚɡɝɚɪ ɛɨɪɶɛɵ ɩɚɬɪɢɰɢɟɜ ɫ

ɩɥɟɛɟɹɦɢ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɜ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɚɯ ɩɚɬɪɢɰɢɟɜ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɚɪɚɥɢɡɨ-

ɜɚɬɶ ɭɫɬɭɩɤɢ, ɫɞɟɥɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɥɟɛɟɹɦ. ȼ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɰɟɧɡɨɪɚ ɜɯɨɞɢ-

ɥɨ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɩɨ ɬɪɢɛɚɦ, ɪɚɡɪɹɞɚɦ ɢ ɰɟɧɬɭɪɢɹɦ, ɡɚ-

ɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨ ɜɫɚɞɧɢɤɢ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɧɚɬɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɩɢɫɤɚ.

ɐɟɧɬɭɪɢɹ

- ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚ ɜɨɟɧɧɨ-ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ.

ɗɞɢɤɬ ɩɪɟɬɨɪɚ

- ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɛɧɚɪɨɞɨɜɚɥ ɩɪɟɬɨɪ (ɫɦ.: «ɩɪɟɬɨɪ») ɩɪɢ ɜɫɬɭɩ-

ɥɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɜɲɢɟ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ, ɫ ɩɨ-

ɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɧ ɧɚɦɟɪɟɜɚɥɫɹ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɢ ɜɟɪ-

ɲɢɬɶ ɫɭɞ. ɉɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɜɲɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɷɞɢɤɬɚɯ, ɧɟ ɢɦɟɥɢ ɫɢɥɭ

ɡɚɤɨɧɚ, ɧɨ ɛɵɥɢ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɜɥɚɫɬɶɸ

ɫɚɦɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɬɨɪɚ. Ɍɚɤ ɩɨɹɜɢɥɫɹ ɧɨɜɵɣ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɪɢɦɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ –

ɩɪɟɬɨɪɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ.

ɗɞɢɤɬɵ

- ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɩɪɟɬɨ-

ɪɨɦ. ȼ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ. ɍɫɬɧɨɟ ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ, ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ

ɦɚɝɢɫɬɪɚɬɚ ɧɚ ɫɨɛɪɚɧɢɢ. ȼ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɟ – ɨɫɨɛɨɟ ɨɛɴɹɜ-

ɥɟɧɢɟ, ɞɟɥɚɜɲɟɟɫɹ ɜ ɩɢɫɶɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ; ɧɚɢɦɟɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɟɤɨɬɨ-

ɪɵɯ ɤɨɪɨɥɟɜɫɤɢɯ ɚɤɬɨɜ ɜ ɮɟɨɞɚɥɶɧɨɣ Ɏɪɚɧɰɢɢ.

ɗɞɢɥ

- ɞɨɥɠɧɨɫɬɧɨɟ ɥɢɰɨ, ɜɟɞɚɜɲɟɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɡɚ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɩɨ-

ɪɹɞɤɨɦ ɜ ɝɨɪɨɞɟ, ɬɨɪɝɨɜɥɟɣ ɧɚ ɪɵɧɤɚɯ, ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɪɚɡɞɧɟɫɬɜ

ɢ ɡɪɟɥɢɳ, ɡɚ ɩɨɤɭɩɤɨɣ ɢ ɪɚɡɞɚɱɟɣ ɯɥɟɛɚ.

ɗɤɫɰɟɩɰɢɹ

- ɫɫɵɥɤɚ ɧɚ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɭɸ ɧɨɪɦɭ, ɤɨ-

ɬɨɪɚɹ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɚɥɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɢɫɤɚ ɩɨ ɪɢɦɫɤɨɦɭ

ɩɪɚɜɭ.

ɗɦɮɢɬɟɜɡɢɫ

- ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ ɧɚɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɞɨɥɝɨɫɪɨɱɧɚɹ ɚɪɟɧɞɚ ɡɟɦɥɢ.

7. Ʉɪɚɬɤɢɣ ɥɚɬɢɧɨ-ɪɭɫɫɤɢɣ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ

actio

-

(ɚɤɰɢɨ)

-

ɢɫɤ

actio confessoria

-

(ɚɤɰɢɨ ɤɨɧɮɟɫɨɪɢɚ)

-

ɢɫɤ, ɡɚɳɢɳɚɸɳɢɣ ɫɟɪɜɢɬɭɬɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ

actio in personum

-

(ɚɤɰɢɨ ɢɧ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɦ)

-

ɥɢɱɧɵɣ ɢɫɤ

actio in rem

-

(ɚɤɰɢɨ ɢɧ ɪɟɦ)

-

ɜɟɳɧɵɣ ɢɫɤ

actio negatoria

-

(ɚɤɰɢɨ ɧɟɝɚɬɨɪɢɚ)

-

ɧɟɝɚɬɨɪɧɵɣ ɢɫɤ

actio noxalis

-

(ɚɤɰɢɨ ɧɨɤɫɚɥɢɫ)

-

ɨɫɨɛɵɣ ɢɫɤ

actio vendicatio

-

(ɚɤɰɢɨ ɜɟɧɞɢɤɚɰɢɨ)

-

ɜɟɧɞɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɢɫɤ

animus

-

ɚɧɢɦɭɫ)

-

ɜɨɥɹ ɜɥɚɞɟɬɶ

arrha

-

ɚɩɩɚ)

-

ɡɚɞɚɬɨɤ

capitis deminutio

-

(ɤɚɩɢɬɢɫ ɞɟɦɢɧɭɰɢɨ)

-

ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ

capitis deminutio

-

(ɤɚɩɢɬɢɫ

ɞɟɦɢɧɭɰɢɨ

-

ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɚɹ

ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ

ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ

maxima

ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚ)

ɩɪɚɜɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ

capitis deminutio

-

(ɤɚɩɢɬɢɫ

ɞɟɦɢɧɭɰɢɨ

- ɫɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ

media

ɦɟɞɢɚ)

capitis deminutio

-

(ɤɚɩɢɬɢɫ

ɞɟɦɢɧɭɰɢɨ

-

ɧɚɢɦɟɧɶɲɚɹ

ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ

ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ

minima

ɦɢɧɢɦɚ)

ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ

caput

-

(ɤɚɩɭɬ)

-

ɩɪɚɜɨɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ

casus

-

(ɤɚɡɭɫ)

-

ɫɥɭɱɚɣ

causa

-

(ɤɚɭɡɚ)

-

ɰɟɥɶ

causa possessionic

-

(ɤɚɭɫɚ ɩɨɫɫɟɫɢɨɧɢɤ)

- ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɜɟɳɢ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɞɚ-

ɧɢɟ

civis Romanus

-

(ɰɢɜɢɫ ɪɨɦɚɧɭɫ)

- ɪɢɦɫɤɢɣ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɢɧ, ɤɜɢɪɢɬ (Quiris, –

itis) – (ɤɜɢɪɢɫ, ɤɜɢɪɢɬɢɫ)

codex

-

(ɤɨɞɷɤɫ)

-

ɤɨɞɟɤɫ

collegium

-

(ɤɨɥɥɟɝɢɭɦ)

-

ɤɨɥɥɟɝɢɹ

condicio

-

(ɤɨɧɞɢɰɢɨ)

-

ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ

condominium

-

(ɤɨɧɞɨɦɢɧɢɦɭɦ)

-

ɩɪɚɜɨ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ

consensus

-

(ɤɨɧɫɟɧɫɭɫ)

-

ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɟ

cotractus

-

(ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɭɫ)

-

ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ, ɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɳɢɣ

ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ

ɜɨɥɟɢɡɴɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɨ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɢ

ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ.

cotractus innominati

-

(ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɭɫ ɢɧɧɨɦɢ-

-

ɛɟɡɵɦɹɧɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɵ

ɧɚɬɢ)

culpa

-

(ɤɭɥɶɩɚ)

-

ɜɢɧɚ

culpa lata

-

(ɤɭɥɶɩɚ ɥɚɬɚ)

-

ɝɪɭɛɚɹ ɧɟɛɪɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ

culpa levis

-

(ɤɭɥɶɩɚ ɥɟɜɢɫ)

-

ɥɟɝɤɚɹ ɧɟɛɪɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ

culpa manu

-

(ɤɭɦ ɦɚɧɭ)

- ɛɪɚɤ ɫ ɜɥɚɫɬɶɸ ɦɭɠɚ

Delicta privata

-

(ɞɟɥɢɤɬɚ ɩɪɢɜɚɬɚ)

-

ɩɪɚɜɨɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɟ, ɡɚɬɪɚɝɢ-

ɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɥɢɰ, ɪɚɫ-

ius privatum

-

(ɸɫ ɩɪɢɜɚɬɢɭɦ)

- ɱɚɫɬɧɨɟ ɢɥɢ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ, ɨɛɪɚ-

ɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɫɥɢɹɧɢɹ ius civile ɢ

ius praetorium, ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ ɱɚɫɬ-

ɧɵɟ, ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɫɟɦɟɣɧɵɟ

ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɜ Ⱦɪɟɜɧɟɦ Ɋɢɦɟ, ɪɚɫɩɪɨ-

ɫɬɪɚɧɹɹ ɫɜɨɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɢ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ

Ɋɢɦɚ, ɢ ɧɚ ɱɭɠɟɡɟɦɰɟɜ, ɬ.ɟ. ɢɡ ɭɡɤɨɧɚ-

ɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɪɢɦɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɩɪɟɜɪɚ-

ɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɟ, ɦɢɪɨɜɨɟ.

ius scriptum

-

(ɸɫ ɫɤɪɢɩɬɭɦ)

-

ɩɢɫɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɚɜɨ

ius utendi

-

(ɸɫ ɭɬɷɧɞɢ)

-

ɩɪɚɜɨ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɟɳɶɸ

iura in re aliena

- (ɸɪɚ ɢɧ ɪɷ ɚɥɢɟɧɚ)

- ɩɪɚɜɚ ɧɚ ɱɭɠɢɟ ɜɟɳɢ

ius vindicandi

-

(ɸɫ ɜɢɧɞɢɤɚɧɞɢ)

-

ɜɢɧɞɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɢɫɤ, ɢɫɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɟ

ɜɟɳɢ

legitimus

-

(ɥɟɝɢɬɢɦɭɫ)

-

ɡɚɤɨɧɧɵɣ

lex

-

(ɥɟɤɫ)

-

ɡɚɤɨɧ, ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɩɪɚɜɚ, ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɢɣ

ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɜɥɚɫɬɶɸ.

libertinus

-

(ɥɢɛɟɪɬɢɧɭɫ)

-

ɜɨɥɶɧɨɨɬɩɭɳɟɧɧɢɤ

litera

-

(ɥɢɬɟɪɚ)

-

ɛɭɤɜɚ

lucrum cessans

-

(ɥɭɤɪɭɦ ɤɟɫɫɚɧɫ)

-

ɭɩɭɳɟɧɧɚɹ ɜɵɝɨɞɚ

manus

-

(ɦɚɧɭɫ)

-

ɜɥɚɫɬɶ

metus

-

(ɦɟɬɭɫ)

-

ɭɝɪɨɡɚ

mora

-

(ɦɨɪɚ)

-

ɩɪɨɫɪɨɱɤɚ

negocium

-

(ɧɟɝɨɰɢɭɦ)

-

ɫɞɟɥɤɚ, ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪ

noxa

-

(ɧɨɤɫɚ)

-

ɜɪɟɞ

obligatio

-

(ɨɛɥɢɝɚɰɢɨ)

-

ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ, ɩɪɚɜɨɜɚɹ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɞɜɭɯ

ɥɢɰ – ɤɪɟɞɢɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɢɤɚ, ɜ ɫɢɥɭ

ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɨɪ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɨ ɬɪɟɛɨ-

ɜɚɬɶ, ɚ ɞɨɥɠɧɢɤ (ɞɟɛɢɬɨɪ) ɞɨɥɠɟɧ

ɱɬɨ-ɥɢɛɨ ɞɚɬɶ, ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚ-

ɜɢɬɶ ɤɪɟɞɢɬɨɪɭ.

obligationex ex de-

-

(ɨɛɥɢɝɚɰɢɨɧɟɫ

ɷɤɫ

-

ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɢɡ ɞɟɥɢɤɬɚ

licto

ɞɟɥɢɤɬɨ)

obligationex ex con-

-

(ɨɛɥɢɝɚɰɢɨɧɟɫ

ɷɤɫ

-

ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɢɡ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚ

tractu

ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɭ)

obligationex guasi ex

-

(ɨɛɥɢɝɚɰɢɨɧɟɫ

ɤɜɚɡɢ

- ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɤɚɤ ɛɵ ɢɡ ɞɟɥɢɤɬɚ

delicto

ɷɤɫ ɞɟɥɢɤɬɨ)

obligationex guasi ex

-

(ɨɛɥɢɝɚɰɢɨɧɟɫ

ɤɜɚɡɢ

- ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɤɚɤ ɛɵ ɢɡ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɚ

contractu

ɷɤɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɚɤɬɭ)

occupatio rei nullius

-

(ɨɤɤɭɩɚɰɢɨ ɪɟɣ ɧɭɥ-

-

ɡɚɯɜɚɬ ɛɟɫɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɟɳɢ

ɥɢɭɫ)

pacta

-

(ɩɚɤɬɚ)

-

ɩɚɤɬ, ɧɟɮɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɟɧɢɟ

pater familias

-

(ɩɚɬɟɪ ɮɚɦɢɥɢɚɫ)

-

ɝɥɚɜɚ ɫɟɦɶɢ

peculium

-

(ɩɟɤɭɥɢɭɦ)

-

ɩɟɤɭɥɢɣ

perigrini

-

(ɩɟɪɟɝɪɢɧɢ)

-

ɱɭɠɟɫɬɪɚɧɰɵ

ɪersona

-

(ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚ)

-

ɥɢɰɨ: ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ (ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɟ Ɋɢɦɚ,

ɫɨɸɡɧɢɤɢ, ɩɟɪɟɝɪɢɧɵ ɢ ɞɪ.) ɢɥɢ ɸɪɢ-

ɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ (ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɢ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɬɧɨɲɟ-

ɧɢɣ, ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɚɜɚ).

plena in re potestas

-

(ɩɥɟɧɚ

ɢɧ

ɪɷ

- ɩɨɥɧɨɟ ɝɨɫɩɨɞɫɬɜɨ ɧɚɞ ɜɟɳɶɸ

ɩɨɬɟɫɬɚɫ)

possessio

-

(ɩɨɫɫɟɫɢɨ)

-

ɜɥɚɞɟɧɢɟ

proprietas

-

(ɩɪɨɩɪɢɷɬɚɫ)

-

ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ

res

-

(ɪɷɫ)

-

ɜɟɳɶ, ɤɚɤ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɩɪɚɜɚ

res extra commer-

-

(ɪɷɫ ɢɧ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɰɢɭɦ)

- ɜɟɳɢ, ɢɡɴɹɬɵɟ ɢɡ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɨ-

cium

ɪɨɬɚ

res in commercium

-

(ɪɷɫ ɢɧ ɤɨɦɦɟɪɰɢɭɦ)

-

ɜɟɳɢ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɟ

res in corporales

-

(ɪɷɫ ɢɧ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɥɟɫ)

-

ɜɟɳɢ ɧɟɬɟɥɟɫɧɵɟ

res corporales

-

(ɪɷɫ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɥɟɫ)

-

ɜɟɳɢ ɬɟɥɟɫɧɵɟ

res nec mancipi

-

(ɪɷɫ ɧɷɤ ɦɚɧɰɢɩɢ)

-

ɜɟɳɶ ɧɟɦɚɧɰɢɩɢɪɭɟɦɚɹ

res mancipi

(ɪɷɫ ɦɚɧɰɢɩɢ)

-

ɜɟɳɶ ɦɚɧɰɢɩɢɪɭɟɦɚɹ

restitutio in inter-

-

(ɪɟɫɬɢɬɭɰɢɨ ɢɧ ɢɧ-

- ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɨ-

grum

ɬɟɝɪɭɦ)

ɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ

servus

-

(ɫɟɪɜɢɭɫ)

-

ɪɚɛ

servitus

-

(ɫɟɪɜɢɬɭɫ)

-

ɫɟɪɜɢɬɭɬ, ɩɨɜɢɧɧɨɫɬɶ

sine manu

-

- ɛɪɚɤ ɛɟɡ ɜɥɚɫɬɢ ɦɭɠɚ

solutio

-

(ɫɨɥɸɰɢɨ)

-

ɢɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ

species

-

(ɫɩɟɰɢɟɫ)

-

ɜɢɞ

status

-

(ɫɬɚɬɭɫ)

-

ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ

status civitatis

-

(ɫɬɚɬɭɫ ɰɢɜɢɬɚɬɢɫ)

-

ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɬɜɚ

status familia

-

(ɫɬɚɬɭɫ ɮɚɦɢɥɢɚ)

-

ɫɟɦɟɣɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ

status libertatis

-

(ɫɬɚɬɭɫ ɥɢɛɟɪɬɚɬɢɫ)

-

ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ; ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɥɨ

ɱɚɫɬɧɭɸ ɩɪɚɜɨɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ

testamentum

-

(ɬɷɫɬɚɦɟɧɬɭɦ)

-

ɡɚɜɟɳɚɧɢɟ

tradicio

-

(ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨ)

-

ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɚ

usufrutus

-

(ɭɡɭɮɪɭɤɬɭɫ)

-

ɥɢɱɧɵɣ ɫɟɪɜɢɬɭɬ

vis major

-

(ɜɢɫ ɦɚɣɨɪ)

-

ɧɟɩɪɟɨɞɨɥɢɦɚɹ ɫɢɥɚ