Peter the Great Saint-Petersburg Polytechnic University

Institute Of Engineering and Economic

Entrepreneurship Department

Course Paper

“Sea hubs”

Student: E.N. Petrukhina

Group № 33706/1

Checked by: E. N. Nikonova

Position: Associate professor

Department: Foreign Languages

Approved: _______________

Saint-Petersburg

2015

Contents

Paragraph 1. Hubs itself 4

1.1 Definition 4

1.2 Etymology 4

1.3Hystory 4

Paragraph 2. Organization of hubs and hub-and-Spock model. 6

2.1. Causes of appearance 6

2.2. Requirements 6

2.3. Hub-and-spock model 6

Paragraph 3. Russian opportunities 8

Paragraph 4. Examples of hubs 9

Sources 12

Keywords. 13

Introduction

Logistics is generally the detailed organization and implementation of a complex operation. In a general business sense, logistics is the management of the flow of things between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet requirements of customers or corporations. The resources managed in logistics can include physical items, such as food, materials, animals, equipment and liquids, as well as abstract items, such as time and information. The logistics of physical items usually involves the integration of information flow, material handling, production, packaging, inventory, transportation, warehousing, and often security.

A resource is a source or supply from which benefit is produced. Typically resources are materials, energy, services, staff, knowledge, or other assets that are transformed to produce benefit and in the process may be consumed or made unavailable. Benefits of resource utilization may include increased wealth, meeting needs or wants, proper functioning of a system, or enhanced well being.

In today's world one of the most convenient way to international carriage of recourses are shipping. Due to the peculiarities of the development of maritime ports tend to be transformed into the ports-hubs. In this course paper I will tell about hubs, give the information about their advantages and give some examples of them.

Paragraph 1. Hubs itself

In this paragraph I will describe the word “hub” by giving its definition, history and etymology of word.

1. Definition

A transport hub (also transport interchange) is a place where passengers and cargo are exchanged between vehicles or between transport modes. Public transport hubs include train stations, rapid transit stations, bus stops, tram stop, airports and ferry slips. Freight hubs include classification yards, seaports and truck terminals, or combinations of these. For private transport, the parking lot functions as a hub. Port Hub – it is a logistics center, which receives consignments with the further distribution to the places of their destination on the coast or on smaller ports.