Список литературы и сетевых источников

1. Лексикология современного английского языка: Учебное пособие / И.В. Арнольд. – М.: Флинта, 2012. – 377с. // http://www.bibliorossica.com/book.html?currBookId=6969&ln=ru&search_query=%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%20%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%20%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0

2. Алефиренко Н.Ф. Теория языка: вводный курс: учеб. пособие для студ, вузов / Н. Ф. Алефиренко. – 4-е изд., стер.. – М.: Академия, 2010. – 384 с.

3. Бабич Г.Н. Lexicology: A Current Guide. Лексикология английского языка [Электронный ресурс]: Уч. пособ. / Г. Н. Бабич. – 5-е изд. – М.: Флинта: Наука, 2010. – 200 с.

4. Гвишиани Н. Б. Современный английский язык. Лексикология = Modern English studies. Lexicology: учебное пособие для студентов высших учебных заведений, обучающихся по направлению 031000 и специальности 031001 – Филология: по специальности 033200 (050303) – Иностранный язык / Н. Б. Гвишиани. – 2-е изд., стер.. – М.: Академия, 2009. – 218 с.

5. Прохорова Н.М. Lecture on English Lexicology: Учебник / Н.М. Прохорова. – Красноярск: РИО КГПУ, 2003. – 208 с.

http://www.englishclub.com/ref/Sayings/

http://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/proverbs.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proverb

http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords/familiar.html

Лекция 12.

WAYS OF FORMING PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS

Список вопросов

1. The Primary Ways of Forming Phraseological Units.

2. The Secondary Ways of Forming Phraseological Units

Список терминов и определений

1. Lexical meaning is the meaning of a word in relation to the physical world or to abstract concepts, without reference to any sentence in which the word may occur.

2. Metonymy is a figure of speech in which a thing or concept is called not by its own name but rather by the name of something associated in meaning with that thing or concept. The words "metonymy" and "metonym" come from the Greek: μετωνυμία, metōnymía, "a change of name", from μετά, metá, "after, beyond" and -ωνυμία, -ōnymía, a suffix used to name figures of speech, from ὄνῠμα, ónyma or ὄνομα, ónoma, "name." For instance, "Hollywood" is used as a metonym for the U.S. film industry because of the fame and cultural identity of Hollywood, a district of the city of Los Angeles, California, as the historical center of film studios and film stars. The national capital is often used to represent the government of a country, such as "Westminster" for Parliament of the United Kingdom, "Ottawa" for Parliament of Canada, or "Washington" for United States government.

3. Litotes (from Greek litos, "simple, single") it refers to an ironical understatement (e.g. no small amount) or two negatives used to make a positive (e.g. it was not unsuccessful).

4. Pun is a form of word play that suggests two or more meanings, by exploiting multiple meanings of words, or of similar-sounding words, for an intended humorous or rhetorical effect. These ambiguities can arise from the intentional use of homophonic, homographic, metonymic, or metaphorical language.

5. Analogy (from Greek ἀναλογία, analogia, "proportion") is a cognitive process of transferring information or meaning from a particular subject (the analogue or source) to another particular subject (the target), or a linguistic expression corresponding to such a process.