Міністерство освіти і науки україни львівський інститут економіки і туризму контрольна робота

З ДИСЦИПЛІНИ

"ІНОЗЕМНА МОВА ЗА ПРОФЕСІЙНИМ СПРЯМУВАННЯМ"

(АНГЛІЙСЬКА)

ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТІВ III КУРСУ

ЗАОЧНОЇ ФОРМИ НАВЧАННЯ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТІ "Менеджмент організацій"

(«МГГТ»)

Обговорено та схвалено на засіданні кафедри іноземних мов

Протокол № ___ від __________

Зав. кафедри ________________

Хмілярчук Н.С.

Обговорено та схвалено на

Засіданні кафедри іноземних мов

Протокол № ___ від ___________

Зав. Кафедрою ________________

Хмілярчук Н. С.

Контрольну роботу складають тексти для перекладу та опрацювання, а також лексичні та граматичні вправи, виконання яких потребує відповідних знань тематичного вокабуляра

Література:

1. Г. В. Верба, “Довідник з граматики англійської мови”.- Київ, “Освіта” – 1993.

2. Л. Ю. Куліш, Е. О. Друянова та ін. Прискорений курс англійської мови. – Київ: “Вища школа”, 1996.

3. Хорнби А. С. Конструкции и обороты английского языка. – Москва, 1992.

4. Кунатенко Й. Англійська мова. – Київ, 2000.

5. Raymond Murphy. English Grammar in Use. – Cambridge University Press.

Кількість варіантів відповідає кількості студентів у групі, які вивчають англійську

мову. Номер варіанту визначається за номером, під яким стоїть прізвище студента у журналі.

ВАРІАНТ1

1. Ознайомтеся з текстом та перекладіть його українською мовою (випишіть невідомі слова з перекладом).

FORMS OF TOURIST TRAVEL

Tourism is a generic term which encompasses many different types of travel. The forms of tourism contribute to the nature of the experiences gained by tourists and influence the effects which they have on the host society and their environment. Classifications of tourism have been proposed by Cohen, Wahab and Smith. Wahab listed several different forms of tourism according to a wide range of variables. These included:

Sex - masculine and feminine types of tourism.

1. Means of transport - tourism by land, sea or air.

2. Geographic locality - international and domestic tourism.

3. Price and social class - de luxe and middle-class tourism.

4. Age - youth and adult tourism.

Classifications based on purpose of trip have been established by Wahab and by Smith. Wahab produced a fivefold classification which included recreational tourism, cultural tourism, health tourism, sport tourism and conference tourism, although distinction between the categories are not always clear. Smith's variation included Wahab's first two categories plus historical tourism, ethnic tourism and environmental tourism. Cultural tourism, for example, informs tourists about other countries and peoples, their lifestyles, customs and languages. Historical tourism encompasses visits to ancient monuments, archaeological digs, and other places of historical interest such as museums and battlefields. Tourists may choose a destination for more than one reason and their behaviour may not entirely reflect their initial travel motivations. Cultural tourism also includes the acquisition of knowledge about peoples of contemporary societies observed through art and crafts, work, religion, language, traditions, food and dress.

Cohen suggested a classification of tourists based on the assumption that tourist experiences combine varying degrees of novelty with an element of the familiar, the excitement of change mixed with the security of accustomed habits. He developed a fourfold classification of tourist experiences and roles as follows:

1. The organized mass tourist. The role is typified by the package tour in which itineraries are fixed, stops are planned and guided, and all major decisions are left to the organizer. Familiarity is at a maximum and novelty at a minimum.

2. The individual mass tourist. In this role the tour is not entirely planned by others, and the tourist has some control over his itinerary and time allocations. However, all of the major arrangements are made through a travel intermediary. Like the organized mass tourist, the individual mass tourist remains largely within the «environmental bubble» of home country ways and mixes little with members of the host community. Familiarity is still dominant.

3. The explorer. Explorers usually plan their own trips and try to avoid developed tourist attractions as much as possible. In spite of the desire to mix with members of the host community, the protection of the «environmental bubble» is still sought. Novelty now dominates but the tourist does not become fully integrated with the host society.

4. The drifter. Drifters plan their trips alone, avoid tourist attractions and live with members of the host society. They are almost entirely immersed in the host culture, sharing its shelter, food and habits. Novelty is dominant and familiarity disappears.

Each of the four tourist roles represents one stereotypical form of tourist behaviour.