Министерство образования и науки Республики Казахстан

Павлодарский государственный университет

им. С. Торайгырова

Гуманитарно-педагогический факультет

Кафедра иностранных языков

Профессинально ориентированный язык (английский язык)

Учебно-методическое пособие

для энергетических специальностей высших учебных заведений

Павлодар

Кереку

2012

УДК 811.111

ББК 81.2Англ-923

П 84

Рекомендовано к изданию учебно-методическим советом гуманитарно-педагогического факультета пгу им. С.Торайгырова

Рецензенты:

М. С. Кулахметова – кандидат филологических наук, доцент Павлодарского государственного университета им. С.Торайгырова

Ж. М. Байгожина – кандидат педагогических наук, доцент Павлодарского государственного педагогического института

Асылханова Л. Е., Куанышева Б. Т., Уайханова М. А.

П 84 Профессионально ориентированный язык (английский язык) :

учебно-методическое пособие для энергетических специальностей высших учебных заведений. – Павлодар,

2012. – 65 с.

Материалы данного учебно-методического пособия предназначены для студентов энергетических специальностей. Цель учебно-методического пособия – обучить необходимым лексико-грамматическим навыкам для извлечения информации из профессионально-ориентированных текстов, рассмотреть основные формы делового общения (деловая корреспонденция, общение по телефону и т.д.).

	УДК 811.111 ББК 81.2 Англ - 923
	© Асылханова Л. Е. и др., 2012 © ПГУ им. С. Торайгырова, 2012

За достоверность материалов, грамматические и орфографические ошибки ответственность несут авторы и составители

Введение

Настоящее учебное пособие предназначено для студентов специальностей 5B070200 «Автоматизация и управление», 5B071900 «Радиотехника, электроника и телекоммуникации», 5B071700 «Теплоэнергетика». Учебное пособие имеет профессионально ориентированный характер и направлено на обучение деловому английскому языку студентов энергетических специальностей на первоначальном этапе.

Целью данного пособия является научить студентов элементам делового английского языка в лексическом и грамматическом плане и навыкам чтения технических текстов с различными информационными задачами: понимание основной идеи текста, нахождение заданной информации в тексте, понимание общего содержания текста и т.д.

Пособие состоит из трех разделов, каждый из которых может служить самостоятельной единицей для изучения. Пояснения даются на русском и английском языках.

Первый раздел содержит задания, письменное выполнение которых поможет сформировать навыки делового письма на английском языке. Лексические и грамматические упражнения, направлены на освоение специальной лексики и терминологии.

Второй раздел представлен текстами, которые сопровождаются заданиями и упражнениями, предусматривающими контроль понимания прочитанного и активизацию словаря.

Завершается пособие текстами для дополнительного (как аудиторного, так и самостоятельного) чтения, направленными на повторение пройденного лексико-грамматического материала.

Весь текстовый материал пособия аутентичен, основан на материалах учебников английского языка и других оригинальных источников. При отборе текстов учитывалась их информативность, познавательная ценность и актуальность тематики.

1 Business writing

1.1 Correspondence

1.1.1 How will you open a letter to

a) a company

b) a man if you do not know his name

c) a woman if you do not know her name

d) a man

e) a married woman

f) an unmarried woman

g) a married or unmarried woman

h) a friend or someone you know well

Use the name John/Sarah Smith.

1.1.2 Translate

Схема, композиция, абзац, пунктуация, адресат, поля, обращение, название должности, подпись, приемлемый, подзаголовок, вышеупомянутый.

1.1.3 Match the synonyms

1) make bigger a) extra

2) want b) block style

3) additional c) need

4) modern style of business letters d) increase

5) faithfully e) pick up/take

6) helpful f) drop

1.1.4 Write the opposites

1) careless a) present

2) remember b) unmarried

3) married c) wrong

4) missing d) rise

5) correct e) forget

6) send f) disagree

7) fall g) receive

8) agree h) careful

1.1.5 Insert prepositions where necessary

1. We are writing to enquire … (1) agents … (2) our products … (3) Bahrain. 2. We have passed your letter … (4) … (5) the following companies who will contact you …(6) direct. 3. We are interested … (7) importing radio telephones. 4. I am pleased to send … (8) you some … (9) our brochures … (10) separate cover.

1.1.6 Translate

Letter 1

Мы рады были получить Ваше письмо от 10 апреля с приложенным к нему списком товаров, которые Вам нужны до конца мая.

На отдельном листе мы назначили цены на эти товары (have quoted for these item). Заверяем Вас (We assure you), что назначенные цены - самые низкие, насколько это возможно.

С уважением.

Letter 2

Мы рады сообщить Вам об открытии нашей новой фирмы по производству офисной мебели.

Вы убедитесь, что наша современная производственная технология позволяет нам предложить мебель по значительно (considerably) более низкой цене, чем у наших конкурентов, и мы надеемся, что Вы воспользуетесь этой возможностью предложить своим заказчикам эти первоклассные товары.

Мы ожидаем Ваших будущих заказов, зная, что теперь мы сможем предложить лучшее обслуживание.

Letter 3

Мы благодарим Вас за Ваше письмо от 23 марта, в котором Вы сообщаете, что г-н Смит прибудет 25 апреля.

Мы договорились о деталях мероприятия (arrangement) и с нетерпением ожидаем приезда.

1.1.7 Name the parts of a letter

1. Dear …. - ?

2. Please feel free to contact me if you need any further information. (This usually talks about the future) - ?

3. We are writing to inquire about … (This says why you are writing) - ?

4. I am visiting the Middle East soon … (This gives the details) - ?

1.1.8 Translate

1) to refer to

2) to give bad news

3) to give reasons

4) in the name of

5) special rates for groups

6) to offer

7) supplementary charges

8) a letter of confirmation

9) to accept

10) to make sure

1.1.9 Match the parts of the business letter’s body

1) REFERENCE	a) With best regards
2) INFORMATION	b) I refer to the telex of Mr. Francis dated March 19th, 2001, and write personally to apologize for the last minute postponement of our visit to Moscow on March 21st .
3) PURPOSE	c) I look forward now to our meeting on the revised date of Wednesday April 18th, again at 11.30 a.m.
4) CONCLUSION	It was considered by my colleagues in Frankfurt to be more appropriate if I took part in the discussion.

1.1.10 Translate the following

– I should like very much to hear …;

– We should greatly appreciate your telling us…;

– I am writing to inquire if …;

– I wish to make some inquiries about …;

– Will you kindly inform us whether/if …;

– May we ask you for …;

– Would you be kind enough to …;

– We hope you will …;

– We trust you will …;

– I should be very greatful if you could …;

– According to your request …;

– In accordance with your request …;

– As requested by you …;

– At the request of your …;

– We are glad to answer your inquiry …;

– We are pleased to send you …;

– Here is the information you requested …;

– We shall be pleased to inform you …;

– We wish to inform you …;

– I am making use of this opportunity to approach you with the request ….

1.1.11 Read the following two letters and say which of them should be presented in person and which sent by mail, which of them is official. Prove your choice

Dear Mr Brown,

A mutual friend, Mr George Green, has advised me to get in touch with you. I am working on a thesis on English history of the seventeenth century. As you are an expert on this period I would be most grateful if we could meet. I should be very glad if you would have dinner with me at the Kensington Garden Hotel at 7 p.m. on Wednesday, June 28th.

Yours faithfully, Sergei Petrov

Dear Stephen,

This will introduce Sergei Petrov who is going to spend the winter in London gathering material and doing research for a thesis. He plans to spend his days at the British Museum Library and his evenings with congenial people. I told him I know of no one more congenial than you!

I am sure you will like Sergei and that you two will enjoy each ther’s company immensely. I do not need to tell you how much I shall personally appreciate any courtesies you show him.

Sincerely yours, John Brown.

1.2 Applying for a job

1.2.1 Words and expressions to be remembered

activity	opportunity
advertisement (ad)	recruitment agency
applicant	responsibility
employee	skill
employer	to apply
experience	to earn
job	to employ
knowledge	to fill in(out)
leisure time	to graduate from

1.2.2 Give the equivalents to the following words and expressions

Professional activity; basic knowledge; to earn a living; list of job places; to apply for a job; to fire; employers require; to fill out an application form; necessary information; to answer completely; work experience; to graduate from University; recruitment agency; education; to hire; to look for.

1.2.3 Find the equivalents

1. activity a. работодатель

2. to earn a living b. агентство по подбору кадров

3. applicant c. возможность

4. employee d. время досуга

5. recruitment agency e. зарабатывать на жизнь

6. opportunity f. деятельность

7. employer g. знания

8. work experience h. опыт работы

9. leisure time i. работник

10. knowledge j. претендент

1.2.4 Find antonyms

1. leisure a. to fire

2. employee b. to enter

3. to hire c. work

4. to graduate d. employer

5. to look for e. to lose

1.2.5 Choose the right word

a) job – position – occupation

“job” – anything that one has to do, task, duty;

“position” – a person’s relative place, as in society; rank, status;

“occupation” – that which chiefly engages one’s time; one’s trade.

1) He was unemployed doing only odd …

2) Knitting is a useful … for long winter evenings.

3) This aid is for those who have a very low … in society.

4) My sister occupies an important … in the Department of Health.

5) The police called to the company to find out his … at the moment.

6) He had a hard … painting the car.

b) leave – graduate

“leave” – graduate (school);

“graduate (from)” – to get a degree or diploma, to complete a course of study at a college/university.

1) He … from Columbia University last summer.

2) She … school 2 months ago and couldn’t find a job.

3) What University did you … from?

1.2.6 Translate the following sentences into English

1. Я надеюсь, что я закончу университет через три года.

2. Работодатели требуют заполнить бланк заявления.

3. Его уволили неделю назад.

4. Ты должен искать необходимую информацию об этом агентстве по подбору кадров.

5. У него нет опыта работы.

6. У него есть высшее образование.

7. Претендент должен иметь основные знания в этой области.

8. Как ты проводишь свое свободное время?

9. Он сам зарабатывает на жизнь.

1.2.7 Read and translate the text

Today the work you do to earn a living influences your way of life. It affects your choice of friends and the way you spend your leisure time. Work is the central activity around which people plan their lives.

Applying for a job is a time consuming process. After you have decided what kind of job you are looking for and have out of list of job places, you are ready to apply for some of these jobs.

Before getting a job you must prepare and fill in (out) many documents and forms.

Most employers require that you fill out an application form. This form asks for information about an applicant, education and experience, and often your interests or hobbies. An application form often is a test that tells the employing company whether or not the applicant can give the necessary information. Thus, it’s better to ask whether, you may take the application blank home where you have time to read it carefully and answer the questions completely.

1.2.8 What should you do to find a job? Find the logical sequence of the steps you should take

1) get an invitation for an interview

2) make an appointment with an employment agency counselor

3) read the classified adds

4) think what kind of job you want

5) analyze your skills, personality traits and accomplishments

6) get ready for the interview

7) find out what employment agency you can use

8) find out as much as you can of your company

1.2.9 Read the following

Your CV should be:

– word-processed

– laser printed on good quality paper

– no longer than two pages of A4 paper

You should include:

1. Personal details

The employer wants to know who you are and how to contact you (essential information only)

2. Education

3. Work experience. Don’t just describe the job – stress what you achieved and what you learnt.

4. Position of responsibility.

If you do not have a lot of work experience, this section will show

employers your potential.

5. Skills. Be positive about your ability – never undersell your experience.

6. Interests. Stress any significant achievements related to your

interests.

7. Referees.

– Current students and recent graduates should choose an academic referee and a personal one (this could be an employer).

– Get your referees’ permission first and tell them what you are applying for and what you would like them to stress in a reference

CURRICULUM VITAE

Personal Details
Put your most recent studies first.	Melanie Henderson Date of birth 3.11.1978	Address 99 Newlands Park London SE30 8UJ Tel: 0171 25650
Education
Don’t go too far back in time or leave any gaps.	1997-present Degree in French and Film Studies, University of London Degree performance to date: 2.1 Specialist subjects: British Cinema, The Narrative Technique 1992-1997 Royal Latin School, Aylesbury 4 A Levels: French (B), German (C), English (B), Film studies (A) 7 GCSEs: French (A), German (A), English (A), History (B), Art (A), Maths (B), Economics (B)
Work experience
Put our recent experience first.	1999 Information Officer, Futuroscope, France Responsible for dealing with enquiries in busy office, responding to 2.000 enquiries a week. This demonstrated my ability to retain a professional approach and a sense of humour while working under pressure.
Give more detail about more relevant experience.	1998 Customer Services Assistant Provided support for customer enquiries. Dealing with customers’ complaints demonstrated my ability to remain calm under pressure. Explaining complex issues simply and clearly helped me to develop my communication skills.
Positions of responsibility
Miss this section out if you haven’t had a position of responsibility.	In my final year at school, I helped organize a careers fair for all final year students. Skills Good working knowledge of Microsoft Word and Excel Spreadsheets Working knowledge of French and Italian Current clean driving license
Don’t just list your interests – add a few details.	Interests Travel: I have traveled expensively and independently in Europe. Music: I play the guitar in a semi-professional band and have done a number of ‘gigs’ for school and student clubs.
Give two referees.	Referees
	Hamish Roberts (Tutor at University of London) 17 Woodland Avenue Oxford OX117GGR	Richard Gayle (Customer Services Manager/DAT) 31 Pleasant Street London SE18 3LSR

1.3 Business trip

1.3.1 Read and learn the dialogues

Buying a ticket

– Good morning. What can I do for you?

– I’m going to fly to New York. Tell me, please, if I ticket for a flight on Monday, next week?

– Do you want a return ticket, sir?

– Yes

– When are you going to fly back?

– I’d like to buy an open- date ticket.

– What class do you want to fly?

– I’d prefer economy class.

– Just a moment, sir. I’ll check if there are any available seats … Yes, here are a few economy seats left on a flight SU 315.

– Fine. How much is it? May I pay in cash?

–Yes, we accept cash. What is your name, sir?

– Victor Pospelov.

– Here are your tickets, please.

– When does the check in begin?

–The plane is due to depart at 7 a.m., so you are to check in one hour prior to the departure that is at 6 a.m.

– And what time does it arrive to New York?

– The expected time of arrival to JFK airport is 2 p.m. local time difference between Moscow and New York.

At the Airport Hotel

– Good evening.

– Good evening, sir. I’m at your service.

– I’d like a single room for one night only. I fly back home tomorrow morning. All right, sir. Fill in this form, please. Write your name and your address here.

– Could you wake me up seven o clock?

– Certainly, sir. Would you like our restaurant room service to bring you breakfast?

– Yes, I’d like to.

– You can order your breakfast by telephone from your room. - Here’s your key, sir. Room 312 is on the third floor. The lift (elevator) is on the right.

– Thank you very much.

Checking in

– Good evening. I have reserved a single room for three days at your hotel.

– What is your name, please?

– Mr. Smith.

– Yes. We’ve reserved a room for you. It is room 275. It’s quiet and comfortable. Will you register, please? Here are the forms.

– How much do I pay?

– Ninety dollars a day plus tax. How will you pay?

– Can I pay with a credit card?

– Sure. The porter will take your suitcases and show you up to your room.

– Thank you.

Checking out.

– I’m checking out tomorrow. Could you, please, make out the bill?

– Just a moment, please. Here’s your bill for the apartment, telephone and room service.

– How can I pay?

– You can pay here with your credit card.

– Could you send my suitcases down tomorrow?

– Certainly, sir. How did you like staying at our hotel?

– I liked the service and the meals in your restaurant were excellent.

– I’m glad you liked it here. I hope you will stay at our hotel again next time when you come to our city.

1.3.2 Write the possible answers to the questions

1. Good evening, sir! What apartment would you like?

2. How long are you going to stay in the hotel?

3. What is your name, please?

4. Could you fill in this form, please?

5. How would you like to pay?

6. Do you want a return ticket, sir?

7. What class do you want to fly?

8. When does your flight arrive?

9. Where do you come from?

1.4 Telephoning

1.4.1 Read the text. What does the effectiveness of a phone call depend on?

Many people are not very confident about using the telephone in English. However, good preparation can make telephoning much easier and more effective. Then, once the call begins, speak slowly and clearly and use simple language.

Check that you understand what has been said. Repeat the most important information, look for confirmation. Ask for repetition if you think it is necessary.

Remember too that different cultures have different ways of using language. Some speak in a very literal way so it is always quite clear what they mean. Others are more indirect, using hints, suggestions and understatement to put over their message. North America, Scandinavia, Germany and France are ‘explicit’ countries, while the British have a reputation for not making clear exactly what they mean. One reason for this seems to be that the British use language in a more abstract way than most Americans and continental Europeans. In Britain there are also conventions of politeness and a tendency to avoid showing one’s true feelings. For example if a Dutchman says an idea is ‘interesting’ he means that it is interesting. If an Englishman says an idea is ‘interesting’ you have to deduce from the way he says it whether he means it is a good idea or a bad idea.

Meanwhile, for similar reasons Japanese, Russians and Arabs – ‘subtle’ countries – sometimes seem vague and devious to the British. If they say an idea is interesting it may be out of politeness.

The opposite of this is that plain speakers can seem rude and dominating to subtle speakers, as Americans can sound to the British - or the British to the Japanese.

The British have a tendency to engage in small talk at the beginning and the end of a telephone conversation. Questions about weather, health, business in general and what one has been doing recently are all part of telephoning, laying a foundation for the true purpose of the call. At the end of the call there may well be various pleasantries, Nice talking to you, Say hello to the family and Looking forward to seeing you again soon. A sharp, brief style of talking on the phone may appear unfriendly to a British partner. Not all nationalities are as keen on small talk as the British!

Being aware of these differences can help in understanding people with different cultural traditions. The difficulty on the telephone is that you cannot see the body language to help you.

1.4.2 Find the Russian equivalents for the italicized words. Use them in the sentences of your own

1.4.3 Translate

The structure of a telephone call.

Introducing yourself

– Good morning/ afternoon/ evening,…

– Hello, this is…from…

– Hello, my name’s …calling from…

Stating reason for a call

– I’m ringing to…

– I’d like to…

– I need some information about…

Saying who you want

– I’d like to speak to…, please.

– Could I have the … Department, please?

– Is…there, please?

Saying someone is not available

– I’m sorry he/ she’s not available…

– Sorry, he/ she’s away/ not in/ in a meeting/ in Milan.

Leaving and taking messages

– Could you give him/ her a message?

– Can I leave him/ her a message?

– Please tell him/ her…

– Please ask him/ her to ring me on…

– Can I take a message?

– Would you like to leave a message?

– If you give me your number I’ll ask him/ her to call you later.

Offering to help in other ways

– Can anyone else help you?

– Can I help you perhaps?

– Would you like to speak to his assistant?

– Shall I ask him to call you back?

Asking for repetition

– Sorry, I didn’t catch your name/ your number/ your company name/ etc.

– Sorry, could you repeat…?

– Sorry, I didn’t hear that.

– Sorry, I didn’t understand that.

– Could you spell that/ your name, please?

Acknowledging repetition

– Okay, I’ve got that now.

– I understand, Mr…

– I see, thank you.

Making arrangements

– Could we meet some time next month?

– When would be a good time?

– Would Thursday at 5 o’clock suit you?

– What about July 21^st?

– That would be fine.

– No, sorry, I can’t make it then.

– Sorry, I’m too busy next week.

Changing arrangements

– We’ve got an appointment for next month, but…

– I’m afraid I can’t come on that day.

– Could we fix an alternative.

Confirming information

– So…

– Can I check that? You said…

– To confirm that…

– Can I/ Can you confirm that by email?

Ending a call

– Right. I think that’s all.

– Thanks very much for you help.

– Do call if you need anything else.

– I look forward to…seeing you/ your call/ your letter/ your email/ our meeting.

– Goodbye and thanks.

– Bye for now.

1.4.4 Work with a partner to ask and answer questions using the following phrases

Would you

Would you mind

Would you mind if I

Would you like

Would you like me to

Would you prefer

1.4.5 Complete the beginning and ending of the conversation below

– Sandra Parker.

– Hello Sandra, Hans Grass here.

– Hans, __________ __________?

– I’m fine, thanks. __________ with you?

– Not bad at all, thanks.

– Sandra, __________if you have the details for the multimedia meeting.

– __________.

– Yes, I’ll do that. Thanks.

–__________ ___________Friday, then.

– Yes. __________.

– You’re welcome. ___________.

1.4.6 Read the text, then mark the sentences that follow as True (T) or False (F)

In some countries, like Italy and Britain, conversation is a form of entertainment. There is an endless flow of talk and if you break the flow for a second someone else will pick it up. In other countries there is a higher value placed on listening – it is not only impolite to break in but listeners will consider what has been said in silence before responding. Finland and Japan are examples.

If you are talking to people who are also speaking English as a foreign language, they are likely to leave gaps and silences while they search for words or try to make sense of what you have just said. So be patient and try not to interrupt, as you would hope they would be patient with you.

Every country has its own codes of etiquette. For example it is common for Anglo-Saxons to use first names very quickly, even in a letter or fax or telephone call. Such instant familiarity is much less acceptable in the rest of Europe and Asia where even business partners and colleagues of many years’ acquaintance address each other by the equivalent of Mr or Mrs and the last name or job title.

So stick to last names unless you specifically agree to do otherwise. Don’t interpret the other person’s formality as stiffness or unfriendliness. On the other hand, if business partners with an Anglo-Saxon background get on to first name terms straight away, don’t be surprised.

Above all, one should remember that people do not usually mind if their own codes are broken by foreigners as long as they sense consideration and goodwill. This is much more important than a set of rules of etiquette.

a) For the British and the Italians it is normal to interrupt the other speaker during the conversation.

b) A special importance is attached to listening in Japanese and Finnish cultures.

c) One should interrupt and try to help speakers who may have difficulty in saying what they want to say.

d) It is unusual for Americans and British to use first names early in a business relationship.

e) It doesn’t matter if you break certain social rules if it is clear that you are sensitive to other people.

f) Etiquette is the critical point in telephoning between different cultures.

1.4.7 The structure of a call. Put these sentences in the correct order

1. I understand. That’s very kind of you. Thank you very much.

2. Can I confirm that? The date is 4 December and it’s at the Clyde Hotel.

3. Excellent. I look forward to seeing you there.

4. I’m ringing to find out some information about the direct Line Conference in December.

5. Hello, my name is Patrick Lefevre. I’m calling from Paris.

6. Could you tell me the date and venue of the conference?

1.4.8 Asking for repetition. Make sentences from the following

1. can I’m that you repeat sorry? Didn’t you I hear.

2. said I’m understand I what didn’t you sorry. You that spell can please?

3. sorry speak I’m slowly more please. Say you what did?

1.4.9 Saying why you are calling. Match the phrase with the correct ending

1. The reason for my call…

2. I’m ringing about…

3. I need to talk to

4. I would like some

4. Can you tell me

a) advice on…

b) something about your services?

c) a supply problem.

d) is a technical matter.

e) someone about…

1.4.10 Explaining the problem. Replace the underlined words with the words please explain, delivery, not working, a problem, a reply, the instructions, payment

1. We are still waiting for the goods to arrive.

2. There seems to be something wrong with the machine.

3. The power switch is broken.

4. We still have not received an answer to our letter.

5. I don’t understand why we have not received the money you owe us.

6. I don’t understand how to operate the machine.

1.4.11 Make-up your own dialogues

1. Ring a company to ask for product details or prices.

2. Ring a hotel to book a night’s accommodation.

3. Ring a travel agent ti ask about flights to a city you need to visit.

4. Make a complaint:

a) a printer purchased three months ago has broken down for a fourth time.

b) An order has not arrived

c) A travel agent promised to send out an airline ticket for departure tomorrow. It has not arrived.