Добавил:
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:
Лекции 437стр.doc
Скачиваний:
45
Добавлен:
15.06.2014
Размер:
9.54 Mб
Скачать

And memories are not shown.

(A) a star, (b) a complete interconnect.

(C) a tree, (d) a ring, (e) a grid, (f) a double torus.

(G) a cube, (h) a 4d hypercube.

Printed with FinePrint- purchase atwww.fineprint.com

й 18

BlueGene(l)

The BlueGene/L custom processor chip.

North Up

i


ji Interface to

Compute CPU. L1 caches ч ^ Custom chip /3D-torus

\


Floating­point unit

FPU

L2 cache


-o-


PowerPC 440 core

FPU

4-MB

L3 cache


West

Snooping;


East

I

FPU

L2 cache


PowerPC 440 core


FPU


To card-leve! DDR SDRAM

Communication CPU

I—I

South

Ethernet

Down

Слайд 19

BlueGene(2)

The BlueGene/L. (a) Chip, (b) Card, (c)

Board.

512-MB

512-MB

SDRAM

612-MB SDftAM

I

i

Chip:

(a)

Card: Board Cabinet

2 Chips 16 Cards 32 Boards

1 GB 32 Chips 512 Cards

16 GB 1024 Chips 512 GB

(b) (c) (d)

System

64 Cabinets 2048 Boards 32,769 Cards 65,536 Chips 32 ТВ

Слайд Т)

Printed with FinePrint- purchase atwww.fineprint.com

Red Storm (1)

Set of \

8 boards s~/ JT

-1 Opteron

Cabinet'

1-GB SDRAM

100-Mbps Ethernet Seastar

/

/

/

/

*

Card cage

A

/

/

/

/

Card cage

A

/

/

Card cage

/

Packaging of the Red Storm components,

Слайд Ъ.

Red Storm (2)

The Red Storm system as viewed from above,

  • I/O and service node Switch

    Swi

    Compute node

    X

□ D

X

О □ □ □ □ □ □

DDDDDDD □ □ □ □ □ □ □

DDODDDD

апппапппппппп

DDDDDDDDDDDDD

□nnnoannnnDcn

DDDDDDDDDDDDD

\

П П П П П П D DDDDDDO П П П П □ □ □ DDDDDDO

□ □

D D

П □

D □

120 ТВ (2688 Opterons) storage

LJ 28 Classified 120 ТВ cabinets storage (2688 Opterons

52Switchable cabinets 28 Unclassified(4992 Opterons ) cabinets

Printed with FinePrint- purchase atwww.fineprint.com

Слайд 22

A Comparison of BlueGene/L and Red Storm

A

comparison of

BlueGene f.

andRed

Storm.

Item

BlueGene/L

fled Storm

CPU

32-Bit PowerPC

64-Bit Opteron

Clock

700 MHz

2 GHz

Compute CPUs

65.536

10.368

CPUs/board

32

4

CPUs/cabinet

1024

96

Compute cabinets

64

108

Teraflops/sec

71

41

Memory/CPU

512MB

2-4 GB

Total memory

32 ТВ

10 ТВ

Router

PowerPC

Seastar

Number of routers

65.536

10r368

Interconnect

3D torus 64 x 32 у 32

3D torus 27 * 16 у 24

Other networks

Gigabit Ethernet

Fast Ethernet

Partitionabie

No

Yes

Compute OS

Custom

Custom

I/O OS

Linux

Linux

Vendor

IBM

Cray Research

Expensive

Yes

Yes

Слайд Ъ

Google(l)

Processing of a Google query.

~~

" L~,

. „.-....,■:

1S*,M16,...

abacus

vn,eti^,...

аЬакклв

7Э4£О|0&О£Т , .

abandon

147Й. BUSS...

« * •

---

sarjvarK

12-VE. 56+3...

abacus

таз. ыез?...

аавпаоп

Document servers

incfex servers

./

V

Слайд "Ж

Printed with FinePrint- purchase atwww.fineprint.com

Google(2)

OC-12Fiber

- OC-48 Fiber

128-port Gigabit Ethernet switch

128-port Gigabit

Ethernet switch

■ Two gigabit Ethernet links

BO-PC rack

Atypical Google

uster.

  • • •

  • • •

  • • •

• •

Printed with FinePrint- purchase atwww.fineprint.com

' \I \I \I \/ \I \1 \

Слайд 25