And memories are not shown.

(A) a star, (b) a complete interconnect.

(C) a tree, (d) a ring, (e) a grid, (f) a double torus.

(G) a cube, (h) a 4d hypercube.

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й 18

BlueGene(l)

The BlueGene/L custom processor chip.

North Up

_i

ji Interface to

Compute CPU. L1 caches _ч ^ Custom chip /3D-torus

\

Floating­point unit

FPU

L2 cache

-o-

PowerPC 440 core

FPU

4-MB

L3 cache

West

Snooping;

East

I

FPU

L2 cache

PowerPC 440 core

FPU

To card-leve! DDR SDRAM

Communication CPU

_I—I

South

Ethernet

Down

Слайд 19

BlueGene(2)

^{The BlueGene/L. (a) Chip, (b) Card, (c)}

_Board.

512-MB

512-MB

SDRAM

612-MB SDftAM

_I

_i

Chip:

(a)

Card: Board Cabinet

2 Chips 16 Cards 32 Boards

1 GB 32 Chips 512 Cards

16 GB 1024 Chips 512 GB

(b) (c) (d)

System

64 Cabinets 2048 Boards 32,769 Cards 65,536 Chips 32 ТВ

Слайд Т)

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Red Storm (1)

Set of \

8 boards s~/ JT

-¹ Opteron

Cabinet'

1-GB SDRAM

100-Mbps Ethernet Seastar

/	/
	/	/
—*	Card cage	A
	/	/	/ /
	Card cage	A
	/	/
	Card cage	/

Packaging of the Red Storm components,

Слайд Ъ.

Red Storm (2)

The Red Storm system as viewed from above,

• I/O and service node Switch

  Swi

  Compute node

  X

  □

• □

• □

□ D

X

О □ □ □ □ □ □

DDDDDDD □ □ □ □ □ □ □

DDODDDD

апппапппппппп

DDDDDDDDDDDDD

□nnnoannnnDcn

DDDDDDDDDDDDD

\

П П П П П П D DDDDDDO П П П П □ □ □ DDDDDDO

□ □

D D

П □

D □

120 ТВ (2688 Opterons) storage

LJ 28 Classified 120 ТВ cabinets storage (2688 Opterons

52Switchable cabinets 28 Unclassified(4992 Opterons ) cabinets

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Слайд 22

A Comparison of BlueGene/L and Red Storm

A

comparison of

BlueGene f.

andRed

Storm.

Item	BlueGene/L	fled Storm
CPU	32-Bit PowerPC	64-Bit Opteron
Clock	700 MHz	2 GHz
Compute CPUs	65.536	10.368
CPUs/board	32	4
CPUs/cabinet	1024	96
Compute cabinets	64	108
Teraflops/sec	71	41
Memory/CPU	512MB	2-4 GB
Total memory	32 ТВ	10 ТВ
Router	PowerPC	Seastar
Number of routers	65.536	10r368
Interconnect	3D torus 64 x 32 у 32	3D torus 27 * 16 у 24
Other networks	Gigabit Ethernet	Fast Ethernet
Partitionabie	No	Yes
Compute OS	Custom	Custom
I/O OS	Linux	Linux
Vendor	IBM	Cray Research
Expensive	Yes	Yes

Слайд Ъ

Google(l)

Processing of a Google query.

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Document servers

incfex servers

./

V

Слайд "Ж

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Google(2)

OC-12Fiber

- OC-48 Fiber

128-port Gigabit Ethernet switch

128-port Gigabit

Ethernet switch

■ Two gigabit Ethernet links

BO-PC rack

Atypical Google

_uster.

• • •

• • •

• • •

• •

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_{' \I \I \I \/ \I \1 \}

Слайд 25