Vocabulary notes

1. They can’t afford the time for – їм ніколи.

2. Make out – зрозуміти, розібрати.

3. Lose faith in – втратити віру в

4. Take for granted – допускати, вважати доказаним; те, що не вимагає доказу.

5. Be dependent upon – бути залежним від.

6. Keep one’s word – стримати слово.

7. Take advantage of – скористатися, віддавати перевагу.

8. Carry out one’s duties – виконувати обов’язки.

9. In no time – негайно.

10. At the expense of – за рахунок.

Exercises

1. Transcribe and practice correctly the following words from the text.

Exchange, convey, message, maintain, source, reference, touch, associate, goodwill, ambassador, possess, quality, appeal, appearance, choice, texture, favorable, true, cause, prompt, recipient, predict, affect, experience, behavior, sarcasm, attract, requirement, impression, courteous, sincere, smooth, paragraph, jargon, judgment, research, smudge, prestigious, curious, advantage, miracles.

2. Comprehension check.

1) Why do people write letters to each other?

2) Are business letters written for the same reason as personal ones?

3) Why do business people depend on the written word?

4) Which is one of the main objectives of all business letters?

5) Is it possible to predict exactly how your words will affect another person?

6) What are the requirements to a successful letter writer?

7) What are the factors that help create a favorable impression of a business letter?

8) To write letters from the reader’s point of view is more effective, isn’t it?

9) Why are friendliness and courtesy so important in a good letter?

10) Goodwill is considered one of the major purposes of all business messages, isn’t it?

11) Does clarity of the letter depend on the words the writer uses or the way he uses them?

12) Why are connecting words in expressing logical sequence of thought so meaningful?

3. Match the word with its definition:

1. message a) number of persons united for business or commerce;

2. associate b) act or event which doesn’t follow the known laws of nature; remarkable and surprising event;

3. quality c) process of gaining knowledge or skill by doing and seeing things; knowledge or skills so gained;

4. source d) high degree of goodness or worth;

5. experience e) piece of news or a request sent to somebody;

6. advantage f) system or arrangement that supplies public needs;

7. miracle g) person elected or appointed to represent or act for others;

8. representative h) something useful or helpful, likely to bring success, especially success in competition with others; benefit profit;

9. company i) place from which something comes or is got;

10. service j) person who has been joined with others (in work or business); companion.

4. Complete the text with words from the box:

feelings concrete opinion leadership meetings

ability minutes writing organization business

As a member of a group or association, you probably will have many occasions to express ___________ or to make suggestions during _________. The person who can word a recommendation clearly or can summarize the ______ of a group precisely will probably be elevated to a position of _________. If you could read material written by the top people in organizations, you would probably find that they write in clear, concise, _________ language. They are easy to understand. They are admired for their ______ to speak and write effectively. Activities such as keeping __________ of meetings and ____________ correspondence as secretary to an ___________ are excellent preparation for the __________ world.