Определите, какой частью речи являются следующие слова и переведите их

1) the frost line

a) опорные плиты

2) raft slabs

b) подходящая несущая способность

3) design considerations

c) линия промерзания

4) adequate load capacity

d) расчеты проекта

5) expansive clay

е) изменение объема глиняного слоя

a) footing

b) type

c) bedrock

d) raft slab

a) different

b) deep

c) shallow

d) broad

a) clay

b) sand

c) timber

d) skill

a) problem

b) change

c) question

d) concern

a) foundation

b) wall

c) street

d) roof

1. Foundations are generally broken into two categories

a) to transfer a load from a structure through an upper weak layer of soil to a stronger deeper layer of soil.

2. Another common type is the slab-on-grade foundation

b) shallow foundations and deep foundations.

3. Differential settlement is

c) when one part of a foundation settles more than another part.

4. A deep foundation is used

d) special consideration must be given to the thermal effect the structure will have on the permafrost.

5. When structures are built in areas of permafrost,

e) where the weight of the building is transferred to the soil through a concrete slab placed at the surface.